Test 2 Flashcards
List the 3 main functions of the lymphatic system
1) take up excess tissue fluid and return it to bloodstream (fluid balance)
2) absorb fats from digestive tract and transport them to bloodstream (absorb fats)
3) help defend the body against disease (immunity)
3 factors that effect flow of lymph (venous return)
- gravity
- venous pumps
- valves
fluids of the lymphatic system
Only difference between them:
plasma
lymph
IF-interstitial fluid
location
lymph flows one way from:
lymphatic capillaries to the subcavian veins (under collar bones)
Lymphatic capillaries are similar to cardiovascular veins but with…
thinner walls and more valves
primary lymphatic organs
red bone marrow and thymus gland
secondary lymphatic organs
lymph nodes and spleen and tonsils.
lymphatic organs contain a large number of ?
lumphocytes
what makes lymphatic organs primary?
lymphocytes are produced and mature
what makes lymphatic organs secondary?
lymphocytes encounter and bind with antigens
difference between fluids
LOCATIOn
3 Types of Immunity
- Innate(non specific)
- Adaptive(specific)
- antigens
Immunity
bodys ability to repel foreign substances (aspestis), pathogens (virus), and cancer cells
Inflamatory Response
bodys response to tissue damage.
What is the initial response to tissue damage
white blood cells release chemicals
describe inflammatory response
trauma triggers white blood cells to release chemicals, which cause vasodilation increasing blood flow to injured part of the body.
when you put ice on trauma
vasoconstriction-reducing blood flow.
general mechanism of B and T cells
B cells provide antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity)—produce antibodies that attack pathogens.
T cells provide cell-mediated immunity–attack cells directly
2 stimuli required for activation of lymphocytes
specific antigen and activating chemicals
T Cells provide
cell-mediated immunity
T cells are produced in the __ __ mature in
in the bone marrow , Thymus
capillary exchange..what mechanism is responsbile?
diffusion
factors effecting capillary exchange
concentration gradient, pressure gradient
the respiratory system functions as a
air distributor and gas exchanger
**alveoli are sacs that serve as
gas exchangers
the respiratory is divided into 2 divisions
- upper respiratory tract
2. Lower respiratory tract
Upper respiratory tract organs are located __ of the thorax
outside
lower respiratory tract organs are located __ the thorax
within
respiratory function (physiology includes)
external respiration (breathing) transport of gases by the blood internal respiration (cellular respiration)
another word for breathing
pulmonary ventilation
two phases of respiratory cycle
Inspiration-breathing in
expiration-breathing out
pulmonary ventilation mechanism
- rib cage expands diaphragm pulls down lungs expand volume up pressure down air flows in (INSPIRATION)
- lungs relax volume down pressure up air flows out.
partial pressure is the
pressure exerted by a single gas in a mixture of gases or a liquid
gas exchange with blood takes place by
diffusion
the partial gradient is determined by the
concentration gradient
