Test 2

Question 1

List the 3 main functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

1) take up excess tissue fluid and return it to bloodstream (fluid balance)
2) absorb fats from digestive tract and transport them to bloodstream (absorb fats)
3) help defend the body against disease (immunity)

Question 2

3 factors that effect flow of lymph (venous return)

Answer 2

• gravity
• venous pumps
• valves

Question 3

fluids of the lymphatic system

Only difference between them:

Answer 3

plasma
lymph
IF-interstitial fluid
location

Question 4

lymph flows one way from:

Answer 4

lymphatic capillaries to the subcavian veins (under collar bones)

Question 5

Lymphatic capillaries are similar to cardiovascular veins but with…

Answer 5

thinner walls and more valves

Question 6

primary lymphatic organs

Answer 6

red bone marrow and thymus gland

Question 7

secondary lymphatic organs

Answer 7

lymph nodes and spleen and tonsils.

Question 8

lymphatic organs contain a large number of ?

Answer 8

lumphocytes

Question 9

what makes lymphatic organs primary?

Answer 9

lymphocytes are produced and mature

Question 10

what makes lymphatic organs secondary?

Answer 10

lymphocytes encounter and bind with antigens

Question 11

difference between fluids

Answer 11

LOCATIOn

Question 12

3 Types of Immunity

Answer 12

• Innate(non specific)
• Adaptive(specific)
• antigens

Question 13

Immunity

Answer 13

bodys ability to repel foreign substances (aspestis), pathogens (virus), and cancer cells

Question 14

Inflamatory Response

Answer 14

bodys response to tissue damage.

Question 15

What is the initial response to tissue damage

Answer 15

white blood cells release chemicals

Question 16

describe inflammatory response

Answer 16

trauma triggers white blood cells to release chemicals, which cause vasodilation increasing blood flow to injured part of the body.

Question 17

when you put ice on trauma

Answer 17

vasoconstriction-reducing blood flow.

Question 18

general mechanism of B and T cells

Answer 18

B cells provide antibody-mediated immunity (humoral immunity)—produce antibodies that attack pathogens.
T cells provide cell-mediated immunity–attack cells directly

Question 19

2 stimuli required for activation of lymphocytes

Answer 19

specific antigen and activating chemicals

Question 20

T Cells provide

Answer 20

cell-mediated immunity

Question 21

T cells are produced in the __ __ mature in

Answer 21

in the bone marrow , Thymus

Question 22

capillary exchange..what mechanism is responsbile?

Answer 22

diffusion

Question 23

factors effecting capillary exchange

Answer 23

concentration gradient, pressure gradient

Question 24

the respiratory system functions as a

Answer 24

air distributor and gas exchanger

Question 25

**alveoli are sacs that serve as

Answer 25

gas exchangers

Question 26

the respiratory is divided into 2 divisions

Answer 26

1. upper respiratory tract

2. Lower respiratory tract

Question 27

Upper respiratory tract organs are located __ of the thorax

Answer 27

outside

Question 28

lower respiratory tract organs are located __ the thorax

Answer 28

within

Question 29

respiratory function (physiology includes)

Answer 29

external respiration (breathing)
transport of gases by the blood
internal respiration (cellular respiration)

Question 30

another word for breathing

Answer 30

pulmonary ventilation

Question 31

two phases of respiratory cycle

Answer 31

Inspiration-breathing in

expiration-breathing out

Question 32

pulmonary ventilation mechanism

Answer 32

• rib cage expands diaphragm pulls down lungs expand volume up pressure down air flows in (INSPIRATION)
  
  • lungs relax volume down pressure up air flows out.

Question 33

partial pressure is the

Answer 33

pressure exerted by a single gas in a mixture of gases or a liquid

Question 34

gas exchange with blood takes place by

Answer 34

diffusion

Question 35

the partial gradient is determined by the

Answer 35

concentration gradient