test 2

Question 1

Three groups of marine fish and there representative

Answer 1

1. Agnatha- jawless fish ( lampreys and hagfishes)
2. Chondrichthyes
   - >holocephali (ratfish)
   - >Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays)
3. Osteichyes- bony fish.
   - > Dipnoi (Lungfish)
   - > Crossoptergii
   - > Actinopterygii ( ray fineed fish)

Question 2

• jawless fish

- long body

Answer 2

Agnatha

- hagfish and lamprey

Question 3

protection with mucas clouds, can clean themselves by tying them in a knot
** only vert with no osmotic system

Answer 3

Hagfish (slime eel)

Question 4

Mobile eyes
freshwater reproduction site
* oral disk allows them to attach to host

Answer 4

lamprey

Question 5

cartilaginous fish with movable jaws and placoid scales, well developed teeth

Answer 5

Chondrichthyes

1. sharks
2. rays
3. ratfishes

Question 6

fleshy tail, riple lateral fines and oviparity

Answer 6

skates

Question 7

spiny tail, flap lateral fins and viviparity

Answer 7

rays

Question 8

fused upper jaw, scaless

Answer 8

ratfish

Question 9

bony skeleton, ctenoid scales and swim bladder

Answer 9

Osteichthyes

Question 10

feet like features that resemble early amphibian

Answer 10

coelacanths

Question 11

appeared before the time of the dinosaurs,and can move rapidly

Answer 11

Neoperygii

Question 12

primarily catilaginous, jaw line smilar to sharks

Answer 12

chondrodtei

Question 13

ctene like sheets used by gars or sturgens

Answer 13

gonoid

Question 14

flat scales used by bony fish

Answer 14

cycloid

Question 15

comb/ mountain like scales used by perch

Answer 15

ctenoid

Question 16

spikes like sandpaper- sharks

Answer 16

placoid

Question 17

have anterior flipper used for swimming
posterior flipper can move forward
ear flap
long neck

Answer 17

sea lion

Question 18

anterior flipper-not backwarf
posterior flipper can not moves- used for swimming
no ear flap
short neck

Answer 18

seal

Question 19

karatin like tooth

used by toothless whales

Answer 19

baleen

Question 20

large jellyfish

Answer 20

megaplankton

Question 21

krill

Answer 21

macroplankton

Question 22

zooplankton, larvae

Answer 22

mesoplankton

Question 23

most phytoplankton

Answer 23

microplankton

Question 24

cyanophytes, cilliates

Answer 24

nanoplanton

Question 25

bacteria

Answer 25

picoplankton

Question 26

viruses

Answer 26

femtoplankton

Question 27

diatoms, dino, cyano

Answer 27

phytoplankton (microplankton)

Question 28

protozoans, crustaceans, non crustaceans, meroplankton

Answer 28

zooplanton (mesoplantion)

COPEPODS ARE A MAJOR ZOOPLANKTON

Question 29

larval stages of some animals

Answer 29

meroplankton

Question 30

spend the entire life in water column as plankton

Answer 30

holplankton

Question 31

spend a part of the life cycle as plankton

Answer 31

meroplankton

Question 32

Types of estuaries

Answer 32

2. costal plain
3. tectonic
   3 fojord
4. bar built

Question 33

basic principles of estuaries

Answer 33

1. positive
2. negative
3. salt wedge
4. well mixed
5. partially mixed

Question 34

what are the importance of coral reefs?

Answer 34

largest animal made ecosystem and have the second highest diversity on earth

Question 35

why are coral reefs so complex?

Answer 35

a. (1) Physical complexity- 3D structure provides habitats
b. (2) Environmental setting-Tropical, stable, high light
c. (3) Biological interactions -Intimate, mutually-beneficial associations among species (symbioses)

Question 36

list the reef builders

Answer 36

• calcareous algae
• mollusks
• tube worms
• stony corals
• sponges

Question 37

why is coral reef limited to shallow tropics?

Answer 37

1. temperature
2. light
3. air exposure
4. salinity
5. sedimentation
6. water motion

Question 38

four types of reefs

Answer 38

1. patch
2. fringing
3. barrier
4. atoll