Test 2

Question 1

Benefits of Play: Intellectual

Answer 1

multi-sensory, play and problem solving, mastering abstract skills

Question 2

Benefits of Play: Building Social Skills

Answer 2

learn social roles, decrease egocentrism, understand the rules of social interaction

Question 3

Benefits of Play: language and literacy development

Answer 3

play with sounds and noises, play with the linguistic system, spontaneous rhyming and word play, conventions of speech

Question 4

Benefits of play: physical development

Answer 4

gross and fine motor

Question 5

Benefits of play: emotional development

Answer 5

master emotional issues, opportunities to feel good about themselves

Question 6

Benefits of play: play and creativity (aesthetic)

Answer 6

develop talents, symbolic expression of understanding of world around them

Question 7

Teachers prepare place where children play

Answer 7

provide materials and create spaces for play
child controlled and ruled
play environment
variety of challenges for diverse abilities
one and a half play option per child both indoor and outside

Question 8

Teachers should create an atmosphere that lets children know that play is valued

Answer 8

climate for play
allow plenty of time for play
minimum of 30 minutes is needed for creative play
make encouraging statements

Question 9

Teachers should participate in play at the lowest level of involvement.

Answer 9

enrich the experience or move it in another direction

Question 10

levels of adult intervention

Answer 10

(parallel play)
(Co-playing: child controls play
(play tutoring: adult takes partial control

Question 11

levels of verbal intervention

Answer 11

watching and verbally reinforcing: positive play behaviors
informative play statements: give ideas
leading questions: response from child
play directions: give actions for child to do
involvement in play

Question 12

what we learn from observing children at play

Answer 12

where children’s strengths are

show special qualities and personality

Question 13

guidance

Answer 13

incorporates everything an adult does or says to influence the behavior of a child

Question 14

discipline

Answer 14

important component of the guidance process in which the adults is dealing with children who misbehave

Question 15

Competence

Answer 15

belief in one’s own ability to accomplish tasks and achieve goals

Question 16

worth

Answer 16

the extent to which people like and value themselves

Question 17

control

Answer 17

degree to which people believe they can influence the events around them

Question 18

emotions

Answer 18

children need help form adults to identify their feelings and learn appropriate ways to deal with them.
teachers of young children need to create an atmosphere that encourages independence .

Question 19

Indirect guidance

Answer 19

everything behind the scenes-planning, materials, room, etc.
building a friendly workplace, relationships
Ex: schedule, equipment, people

Question 20

physically guiding children- touching

Answer 20

physical proximity: closeness to child
gesturing & body language: smile, raise an eyebrow, point with a finger
redirecting: lead to a more positive activity

Question 21

verbal guidance

Answer 21

active listening: teacher repeats what child said
redirection: lead to different activity with words
positive directions: what the child should do (no, not)
children have choices: develop independence and decision- making skills

Question 22

Discipline strategies

Answer 22

I messages 
Behavior modification
positive reinforcement
punishment
ignoring
problem-solving strategies

Question 23

I messages

Answer 23

I, followed by feelings experienced by the adult, ending with what behavior caused the feelings

Question 24

Behavior modification

Answer 24

positive reinforcement, punishment, ignoring

Question 25

positive reinforcement

Answer 25

anything that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood it will occur again

Question 26

punishment

Answer 26

anything that follows a behavior and decreases the likelihood it will occur again

Question 27

ignoring

Answer 27

avoiding verbal and nonverbal responses to attention-seeking behavior

Question 28

problem-solving strategies

Answer 28

using techniques of counseling, the teacher and student work together to resolve difficulties

Question 29

routines

Answer 29

arrival and departure: 
transitions: 
snack/meal times:
toileting:
rest times:

Question 30

arrival and departure

Answer 30

greet at door
consistent routine of departure
summarize about day

Question 31

transitions

Answer 31

clear directions

procedures for moving to the next event

Question 32

snack/ meal time

Answer 32

clear adult guidance

foster independent student behavior and create a relaxed atmosphere for eating and visiting

Question 33

toileting

Answer 33

make these times as pleasant as possible

similar procedures

Question 34

rest times

Answer 34

caring adult interacts before and after
communication with families on routine
sleep atmosphere

Question 35

challenges facing families today

Answer 35

missing extended families
divorce and single parent families
blended families
two-career families
older and younger parents
ethnic/cultural diversity
family mobility

Question 36

effective communication

Answer 36

telephone calls
written communication- difference in newsletter and letter
home visits
parent meetings- agenda
parent- teacher conferences
    three way conference- includes child

Question 37

exposure to diversity

Answer 37

expose naturally as part of daily routine with toys, books, foods, and experiences

Question 38

inappropriate response to diversity

Answer 38

ignore

tourist approach- quick visits to different cultures

Question 39

anti-bias curriculum

Answer 39

use toys that promote diversity- dolls, puzzles
games
quality children’s literature
pictures and posters depict other cultures

Question 40

attitudes about diversity

Answer 40

still racial and gender discrimination in this country

children with special rights: public law 94-142, PL 99-457, PL 101-336