Test 1 Flashcards
High Scope: image of the child
independent
create own learning
active learners
High Scope: role of teacher
guide children
creative way to teach each individual child of key ideas
High Scope: parents role
not a key element
High Scope: role of materials
hands-on active learning
plan, do, review
High Scope: role of environment
centers in the classroom
structured and consistent schedule
integrate children with special needs
Reggio Emilia: image of child
own curiosity= most powerful way to learn
engineers of own learning
Reggio Emilia: role of teacher
documentation- observe, researchers
provoke children- ask questions
Reggio Emilia: role of parents
actively participate in child’s learning
Reggio Emilia: role of materials
curriculum based on students
hands-on
real materials
Reggio Emilia: role of environment
3rd teacher
show child’s interest
Montessori: role of environment
child-sized materials
sensory experiment
carefully controlled
Montessori: role of materials
color-coded materials
use all senses
manipulates
Montessori: role of parents
not a key element
Montessori: role of teacher
set up environment
teach practical needs
Montessori: image of child
crave stimulation
unique and individual needs
work independently
Bank Street
teacher-made and child-made materials
emphasis on integrated curriculum
all aspects of child development addressed in curriculum
Martin Luther
all show have the ability to read
educate the whole child (intellectual, religious, physical, emotional, and social)
John Comenius
movement ad activity were sure signs of healthy learning experiences
students take charge of their own learning
Jean Rousseau
innate goodness of children and allow development to simply happen
Johann Pestalozzi
careful observation of children
recognize their potential
importance of teacher-student relationships
sensory learning
Fredrich Froebel
father of kindergarten
childhood play
singing as a way to learn
circle time
Margaret McMillan
open-air nursery: outdoor play
Freud
psychosexual stages of development
Dewey
edu. should be integrated with life
edu. show preserve social values
active learning is essential
Montessori
role of edu as providing environments where children could be set free to follow natural impulses
Arnold Gesell
use of motion-picture cameras to study the physical and mental development of normal infants and children
Vygotsky
zone of proximal development
importance of play
scaffolding
healthy relationships
Loris Malaguzzi
founder of Reggio Emilia approach
Patty Hill
unique individuals
valued play as much as work
observe play and record behavior
Interpersonal Intelligence
a person who has special abilities in understanding other people
Gradients of growth
Arnold Gesell identified ten areas of development
school provides a free or reduced-price lunch for a student, which level are they meeting?
physiological needs
in maslow’s hierarchy of needs:
lower-level needs must be met first
attachment bond is strongest with
primary caregiver
having difficulty seeing things from perspectives other than you own
egocentrism
Montessori defined times when children are ready to learn specific tasks
sensitive periods
applying Vygotsky’s theory of education as she taught reading
zone of proximal development
just above child’s level and scaffolding
considering child’s interests and abilities before curriculum
DAP
taking in info from the world around us and fit into existing schemas
assimilation
Zone of proximal development
developmental area between child’s independent and supported performance
Hierarchy of needs
- physiological: food, clothing
- safety & security
- belongingness & affection
- self-respect
- self-actualization
Developmentally Appropriate practice
- all areas of development
- child development is relatively orderly
- development proceeds at different rates
- maturation and experiences lead to growth and learning
- experiences of young children have effect for whole life
- development moves toward increasing complexity
- secure and consistent relationships lead to high levels of learning
- social and cultural impact on development
- variety of strategies to learn
- play
- opportunities to practice, work beyond current abilities
- persistence, initiative, and flexibility
NAEYC
national association for the education of young children
code of ethical conduct
resource for professional development
