TEST 2

Question 1

Impaired gas exchange related to ___ AEB dyspnea, restless, pulse of 89%.

Answer 1

ventilation-perfusion mismatch from clot blocking pulmonary circulation

Question 2

Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion related to ____ AEB history of smoking , BP 198/100, diminished pulses

Answer 2

vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels

Question 3

Bedrest during acute phase, avoid massaging extremity, administer increase fluid intake with cardiac tolerance, warm compresses to extremity, give 10,00 units heparin subcutaneously

Answer 3

interventions for nursing diagnosis of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion

Question 4

noninvasive study to identify blood clot

Answer 4

Doppler ultrasound

Question 5

major surgery, cancer, pregnancy, oral contraceptives, immobilization

Answer 5

risk factors for developing thromboembolism

Question 6

Contrast studies are used to visualize flow in blood vessels in many parts of the body - pulmonary angiography, cardiac angiography, etc. because contrast medium (dye) must be excreted through the kidneys, certain chemicals can destroy kidney function, before performing contrast studies such as angiography, check to see the creatinine level is normal and ask about this before performing angiography or contrast studies

Answer 6

allergies to iodine, sea food. contrast dye

Question 7

calf pain, swelling, tenderness, prolonged immobility

Answer 7

clinical manifestations of DVT in leg

Question 8

d-dimer, PT/INR, PTT

Answer 8

lab tests that identify clotting problems

Question 9

patient has history of alcoholism, liver is damaged, expect to find jaundice, clay-colored stools, itchy skin, amber colored urine, bruises, increased clotting times

Answer 9

AST 60, ALT 45

Question 10

kidneys are functioning normally

Answer 10

creatnine 1.2

Question 11

Liver is functioning normally

Answer 11

AST 15, ALT 10

Question 12

decreased glomerular filtration rate, hypertension, decreased urinary output, elevated BP

Answer 12

Creatnine 3.0

Question 13

artificially elevated when patient has dehydration, hemoconcentration

Answer 13

hemoglobin, hematocrit, BUN, other lab values

Question 14

patient is on Coumadin and is at risk for bleeding

Answer 14

PT 36, INR 3.5

Question 15

patient is on heparin and needs to have heparin dosage increased

Answer 15

PTT is 30

Question 16

teach causes of FVE

Answer 16

information is key to self management problems

Question 17

instruct patient to avoid NSAIDS (ibuprofen) and other steroids

Answer 17

these medicines can cause fluid retention

Question 18

administer IV fluids, if ordered, through an IV infusion pump

Answer 18

ensures accurate deliver of IV fluids

Question 19

collaborate with pharmacist to maximally concentrate IVs and medication

Answer 19

decrease use of unnecessary fluids

Question 20

on patients that are on a ventilator to support respirations, elevated HOB 30 degrees, provide oral care, administer H2 (histamine 2 blockers) and antacids to decrease gastric acid secretions that could be aspirated into lungs

Answer 20

CDC guidelines to prevent nosocomial (hospital acquired) pneumonia

Question 21

medicines that reduce the risk of infection and prevent removal of granulating skin

Answer 21

topical silvadene, Neosporin, sulfamylon

Question 22

monitor for temperature >38.5 C, monitor wound for erythema or presence of odor

Answer 22

burn patients are at great risk for infection

Question 23

keep body and limbs in correct anatomical position

Answer 23

prevent contractures (shortening) of muscles

Question 24

monitor for disorientation, fever, ileus (hypoactive or absent bowel sounds)

Answer 24

infection may have spread to blood and patient may be going into septic shock

Question 25

reduces swelling in legs and feet

Answer 25

elevate extremities

Question 26

this medicine would be given prophylactically to treat complaint of heart burn; prevents formation of gastric acid that burns lining of stomach and esophagus

Answer 26

Protonix

Question 27

patient has CAD- coronary artery disease; this medicine is given in pediatric dosage to keep clots from forming in the coronary arteries; it is a platelet inhibitor

Answer 27

aspirin 81 mg daily

Question 28

this medicine is given to lower elevated cholesterol, triglycerides, LDLs and increase HDLs that contribute to CAD

Answer 28

pravastation 20 mg daily

Question 29

give this medicine by mouth twice a day

Answer 29

Metoprolol 25 mg BID po

Question 30

this medicine would be given to prevent DVT when the INR is 1.4

Answer 30

Coumadin 5 mg hs

Question 31

organism most often causing this is E coli, cloudy urine, manifests as confusion in the elderly, elevated temp, increased WBC

Answer 31

UTI- urinary tract infection

Question 32

airway is occluded when sleeping; patient snores and wakes up multiple times during the night and is sleepy during the day; treated with a CPAP machine (constant positive airway pressure) to keep the airway open

Answer 32

OSA - obstructive sleep apnea

Question 33

patient gets short of breath with activity; may need help with ADLs

Answer 33

DOE - dyspnea on exertion

Question 34

s/s polyuria (increased tonicity of blood pulls fluid form cells into vascular space, kidneys excrete it), polydipsia (increased thirst due to fluid loss in urination) polyphagia(increased hunger because sugar cannot get into cells); high blood sugar levels reduced with insulin or glycemic medication

Answer 34

diabetes mellitus

Question 35

loss of cartilage between joints causes bones to rub together producing inflammation manifested as pain, warmth, tenderness in knees, hips

Answer 35

osteoarthritis

Question 36

atria of heart are quivering; impulses may not get through to ventricles; patient has increased risk of blood clots - will be on Plavix or Coumadin to prevent blood clots; monitor for DVT (deep vein thrombosis) by checking for warmth, tenderness in calves of legs

Answer 36

atrial fibrillation

Question 37

elevated blood pressure; may complain of headaches; causes end target organ damage due to impact on blood vessels to heart, kidneys; may cause CVA (stroke)

Answer 37

hypertension

Question 38

long term, chronic obstruction of airways; patient may retain CO2 (carbon dioxide), air may be trapped in alveoli producing barrel chest

Answer 38

COPD - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Question 39

frequent changes of position, allay anxiety, monitor arterial blood gases, oximetry, oxygen by mask as needed, diuretics as ordered

Answer 39

interventions for ineffective tissue perfusion with crackles in lungs

Question 40

impaired gas exchange related to _____ AEB crackles, BNP 215.

Answer 40

fluid in lungs

Question 41

damage to vessel wall leads to platelet activation with platelets adhering (sticking) together

Answer 41

thrombus formation

Question 42

vessel breaks away from original site and moves

Answer 42

thromboemoblism

Question 43

patient maintains adequate fluid volume and electrolyte balance as evidenced by vital signs within normal limits, clear lung sounds, resolution of edema

Answer 43

common expected outcomes of treatment of fluid volume excess

Question 44

weight gain, edema, bounding pulse, shortness of breath, orthopnea (can breathe well lying down), pulmonary congestion on x-ray, abnormal breath sounds - crackles, rates

Answer 44

defining characteristics of fluid volume excess

Question 45

give this medicine as a follow up to treatment of acute asthma with IV solumedrol; weaning dose over a period of several days

Answer 45

Medrol pack at discharge

Question 46

give this medicine at bedtime

Answer 46

Lantus 30 units q hs

Question 47

this anti-inflammatory medicine would be given to treat acute asthma attacks

Answer 47

IV solumedrol

Question 48

this medicine is given to lower blood glucose levels

Answer 48

Humulog 8 units with meals; Lantus 30 units q hs

Question 49

Pt has afib and has an INR of 5. The doctor’s order will tell the nurse to

Answer 49

give vitamin K to prevent bleeding

Question 50

patient of Coumadin has bleeding gums and multiple bruises the nurse should

Answer 50

check PT/INR levels

Question 51

Pt on Coumadin has INR of 1.2. The doctor’s order will tell the nurse to

Answer 51

increase Coumadin Daily until INR is 2-3

Question 52

Pt has afib and is on Coumadin. Pt is 15 seconds - nurse should with doctor’s order

Answer 52

increase Coumadin dosage daily until PT is 22-28 seconds

Question 53

When an excess of body fluid exists in the intravascular compartment, all of the following signs can be expected except:

Answer 53

an elevated hematocrit level

Question 54

When a client’s serum sodium level is 120 mEq/L, the priority nursing assessment is to monitor the status of which body system?

Answer 54

neurological

Question 55

Of all the following clients, the nurse recognizes that the individual who is most at risk for a fluid volume deficit is:

Answer 55

a 42-year-old with severe diarrhea

Question 56

A client experiences a loss of intracellular fluid. The nurse anticipates that the intravenous (IV) therapy that will be used to replace this type of loss is:

Answer 56

0.45 % normal saline (NS)

Question 57

The client has been experiencing right flank and lower back pain. Which of the following laboratory values would be most desirable for the nurse to obtain based on the client’s assessment?

Answer 57

Serum calcium

Question 58

The health care provider orders 1000 mL of D5LR with 20 mEq KC1 to run for 8 hours. Using an infusion set with a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL, the nurse calculates the flow rate to be:

Answer 58

32 gtt/min

Question 59

The nurse will be starting a new intravenous infusion and needs to select the site for the insertion. In selection of a site, the nurse should:

Answer 59

avoid sites on the extremity away from a dialysis graft

Question 60

A client has intravenous therapy for the administration of antibiotics and is stating that the “IV site hurts and is swollen.” Which of the following information assessed on the client indicates the presence of phlebitis, as opposed to infiltration?

Answer 60

Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site

Question 61

A cline complains of a headache, nausea, and vomiting during a blood transfusion. Which one of the following actions should the nurse take immediately?

Answer 61

stop the blood transfusion

Question 62

For a client with a nursing diagnosis of excess fluid volume, the nurse is alert to which one of the following signs and symptoms?

Answer 62

Hypertension

Question 63

A client is currently taking Lasix and digoxin. As a result of the medication regimen, the nurse is alert to the presence of:

Answer 63

Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 64

A rapid infusion of citrated blood has been given to the client. The nurse observes for:

Answer 64

Chvostek’s sign

Question 65

The nurse anticipates that the client with a fluid volume excess will manifest a(n):

Answer 65

increased blood pressure

Question 66

The nurse recognizes that the client, based on the imbalance that is present, will require fluid replacement with isotonic solution. One of the isotonic solutions that may be ordered by the health care provider is:

Answer 66

Lactated Ringer’s

Question 67

A client has severe anemia and will be receiving blood transfusions. The nurse prepares and begins the infusion. Ten minutes after the infusion has begun, the client develops tachycardia, chills, and low back pain. After stopping the transfusion, the nurse should:

Answer 67

obtain and send a urine specimen to the laboratory

Question 68

A client is prescribed 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline), which is an isotonic solution. The nurse recognizes the primary goal of such intravenous therapy is to :

Answer 68

expand the volume of fluid in the vascular system

Question 69

A client is prescribed 3 % sodium chloride, which is a hypertonic solution. The nurse recognizes the primary goal of such intravenous therapy is to:

Answer 69

pull fluid from the cells

Question 70

A client is prescribed 0.45% sodium chloride, which is a hypotonic solution. The nurse recognizes the primary goal of such intravenous therapy is to:

Answer 70

move fluid into the cells

Question 71

The nurse recognizes which of the following clients is at the greatest risk for dehydration?

Answer 71

a 79 year old client who has been diagnosed with advanced Alzheimer’s disease

Question 72

Which of the following clients is at greatest risk for insensible water loss?

Answer 72

a 15 year old experiencing an asthmatic attack

Question 73

Which of the following foods will have the greatest impact of the water balance of the person consuming it?

Answer 73

a pickle

Question 74

Which of the following foods will have the greatest impact on the heart’s conductivity of the person consuming it?

Answer 74

a banana

Question 75

Which of the following foods will have the greatest impact on the blood-clotting mechanism of the person consuming it?

Answer 75

a milkshake

Question 76

Which of the following foods will have the greatest impact on the neurochemical activity of the person consuming it?

Answer 76

a spinach salad

Question 77

Which of the following clinical assessment findings is most likely seen in a client experiencing partial-thickness burns over 35% of the body as a result of hyponatremia?

Answer 77

nausea and vomiting

Question 78

Which of the following clinical assessment findings is most likely seen in a client experiencing hypernatremia as a result of diabetes insipidus?

Answer 78

dry, sticky tongue

Question 79

Which of the following clinical assessment finding sis most likely seen in a client experiencing hypokalemia as a result of the misuse of potassium-wasting diuretics?

Answer 79

decreased bowel sounds

Question 80

Which of following clinical assessment findings is most likely seen in a client experiencing hyperkalemia as a result of adrenal insufficiency?

Answer 80

increased anxiety

Question 81

A client who takes furosemide presents at the emergency department with weakness and fatigue and complains of nausea and vomiting for 3 days. Upon assessment, the nurse finds that the client has decreased bowel sounds and ECG abnormalities including a flattened T wave and flattened ST segment. The nurse knows that these are signs of:

Answer 81

hypokalemia

Question 82

A mother brings her 2 year old daughter to the clinic with a 2 day history of a fever of unknown origin. The mother explains to the nurse that the air conditioning in her apartment is not working and it has been very hot; her daughter has been vomiting for 2 days and has had a fever, and the child is lethargic. The child’s rectal temperature is 101.1. The nurse knows the child is probably dehydrated and should do which of the following first?

Answer 82

prepare to start an IV

Question 83

The nurse is caring for a 73 year old female client who is 3 days postoperative for a bowel obstruction. fluid balance changes in the second to fifth postoperative day, when aldosterone, glucocorticoids, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) are increasingly secreted, causing sodium and chloride retention and potassium excretion. Because of this , it is important for the nurse to closely monitor:

Answer 83

urine output

Question 84

Which of the following clients is most at risk for fluid volume deficit?

Answer 84

45 year old woman with second degree burns over 20% of her body

Question 85

A 66 year old female client is admitted to the hospital with diabetic ketoacidosis. The client has a running IV line through which she receives her medications and fluid maintenance. Which of the following would not be counted on the daily intake and output (I&O)?

Answer 85

mashed potatoes

Question 86

A client with transient atrial fibrillation has been taking 83 mg of aspirin daily for the past 3 years. When preparing the client for discharge from the hospital, the nurse discontinues his IV line. In order to prevent a hematomoa, the nurse needs to hold pressure on the IV site for:

Answer 86

5 to 10 minutes

Question 87

The nurse is preparing to replace a bag of IV fluids for a client receiving fluid therapy. When assessing the client, the nurse notes that the IV solution is not dripping. Which of the following should the nurse do to assess the patency of the site?

Answer 87

carefully adjust the roller clamp to see an increase in flow rate

Question 88

A client has been hospitalized following a myocardial infarction. The client has an IV line running with multiple drips. The nurse assesses the client’s medical record to determine the last time the IV tubing was changed, because the nurse knows that the CDC recommends that IV tubing be changed:

Answer 88

every 72 hours

Question 89

Blood replacement or transfusion is the IV administration of whole blood or a component such as plasma, packed red blood cells (RBC’s), or platelets. The minimum gauge IV cannula necessary for administering a blood transfusion is:

Answer 89

20 guage

Question 90

The nurse is discontinuing a client’s IV line in preparation for the client’s discharge home. Upon withdrawing the cannula from the peripheral site, the nurse notes that the tip of the cannula is missing. The first think that the nurse should do is:

Answer 90

apply a tourniquet high on the extremity

Question 91

A client with partial-thickness burns over 40% of the body is likely to lose body fluid via:

Answer 91

a. Water vapor that is lost through the skin that is burned
b. plasma and interstitial fluids that are lost as burn exudate
c. blood leakage via damaged capillaries in the dermis
d. plasma that leaves the intravascular space and becomes trapped in blisters
e. sodium and water shift that out of the vessels because of increased permeability

Question 92

A cline experiencing acute congestive heart failure (CHF) is likely to present with which of the following clinical signs?

Answer 92

a. Bilateral crackles
b. +2 ankle edema bilaterally
c. History of a 5 pound weight gain in 3 days
d. systemic blood pressure 15 mm Hg above usual baseline

Question 93

Which of the following clients is at risk for fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base imbalances?

Answer 93

a. 50 year old with hypertension
b. 40 year old with a fractured femur
c. 15 month with diarrhea for 2 days
d. 76 year old with advanced Alzheimer’s disease
e. 25 year old with partial thickness burns over 40% of the body

Question 94

The free movement of solutes (electrolytes) across a membrane is called

Answer 94

diffusion

Question 95

In _____, water moves down its pressure gradient through a semipermeable membrane from diluted fluid to a more concentrated fluid until equilibrium occurs.

Answer 95

osmosis

Question 96

______ occurs when water crosses the capillary membrane into the interstitial space.

Answer 96

filtration

Question 97

_____ ______ in the vascular system is the blood pressure created in the vessels by the contraction of the heart.

Answer 97

hydrostatic pressure

Question 98

_____ is the concentration of molecules per volume of solution.

Answer 98

osmolarity

Question 99

______ provides a measure of body fluid concentration and is reflected in the body’s hydration status.

Answer 99

osmolality

Question 100

Which finding s indicate that a patient may have hypervolemia?

Answer 100

a. increased, bounding pulse
b. JVD - jugular venous distention
c. presence of crackles
d. elevated blood pressure
e. skin pale and cool to touch

Question 101

The difference in concentration to particles that is greater on one side of a permeable membrane than on the other side is known as what?

Answer 101

concentration gradient

Question 102

A patient’s blood asmolality is 302 mOsm/L. What manifestation does the nurse expect to see in the patient?

Answer 102

Thirst

Question 103

A patient is at risk for hypervolemia. For self management at home, what does the nurse teach the patient to do?

Answer 103

a. call the physician if swelling occurs
b. limit the amount of free water intake
c. weigh self each day on the same scale
d. avoid high-sodium foods

Question 104

An older adult patient at risk for fluid and electrolyte problems is vigilantly monitored by the nurse for the first indication of a fluid balance problem. What is the indication?

Answer 104

mental status changes

Question 105

Which intake-output record represents the norm for the average adult?

Answer 105

1500 mL of fluid per day, ingesting an additional 800 mL of fluid from food.

Question 106

What are the consequences for a patient who does not meet the obligatory urine output?

Answer 106

a. lethal electrolyte imbalances
b. toxic buildup of nitrogen
c. acidosis

Question 107

A patient who loses a lot of fluid and sodium is likely experiencing an increase in ____ secretion.

Answer 107

aldosterone

Question 108

Patients with which conditions are at great risk for deficient fluid volume?

Answer 108

a. fever of 103
b. extensive burns
c. thyroid crisis
d. continuous fistula drainage
e. diabetes insipidus

Question 109

The nurse is working in a long-term care facility where there are numerous patients who are immobile and at risk for dehydration. Which task is best to delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

Answer 109

offer patients a choice of fluids every 1 to 2 hours

Question 110

The nurse is assisting a community group to plan a family sports day. In order to prevent dehydration, what beverage does the nurse suggest be supplied?

Answer 110

bottled water

Question 111

The nurse is assessing the weight of a patient with chronic renal failure. The patient shows a 2 kg weight gain since the last clinic appointment. This is equivalent to ____ liters of fluid.

Answer 111

2

Question 112

Which factors affect the amount and distribution of body fluids?

Answer 112

a. age
b. gender
c. body fat

Question 113

The nurse is caring for a patient with hypovolemia secondary to severe diarrhea and vomiting. in evaluating the respiratory system for this patient, what does the nurse expect to assess?

Answer 113

increased respiratory rate, because the body perceives hypovolemia as hypoxia

Question 114

The nurse is assessing skin turgor in a 65 year old patient. What is the correct technique to use with this patient?

Answer 114

pinch the skin over the sternum and observe for tenting an resumption of skin to its normal position after release

Question 115

The emergency department (ED) nurse is caring for a patient who was brought in for significant alcohol intoxication and minor trauma to the wrist. What will serial hematocrits for this patient likely show?

Answer 115

hemoconcentration

Question 116

The nurse is caring for a child at risk for dehydration secondary to diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. The child is alert, quiet, and clinging to the parent. What is the best nursing intervention to rehydrate this patient?

Answer 116

have the parent give small sips of preferred diluted fluids every 5 to 10 minutes.

Question 117

Which statements about the function of the lymphatic system are true?

Answer 117

a. lymph flow is slower than blood flow.
b. lymphatic vessels carry lymph fluid toward the heart.
c. lymph fluid is filtered by lymph nodes

Question 118

The nurse is caring for several older adult patients who are at risk for dehydration. Which task can be delegated to the UAP?

Answer 118

stay with patients while they drink and note the exact amount ingested

Question 119

The nurse assessing a patient notes a bounding pulse quality, neck vein distention when supine, presence of crackles in the lungs, and increasing peripheral edema. These findings reflect a condition of fluids ____.

Answer 119

excess

Question 120

A patient is at risk for fluid volume excess and dependent edema. Which task does the nurse delegate to the UAP?

Answer 120

assist he patient to change position every 2 hours

Question 121

The nurse is reviewing orders for several patients who have risk for fluid volume excess. For which patient condition does the nurse question an order for diuretics?

Answer 121

end stage renal disease

Question 122

The UAP reports to the nurse that a patient being evaluated for kidney problems has produced a large amount of pale yellow urine. What does the nurse do next?

Answer 122

asses the patient for signs of fluid imbalance and check the specific gravity of the urine.

Question 123

On admission, a patient with pulmonary edema weighed 151 lbs; now the patient’s weight is 149 lbs. Assuming the patient was weighted both times with the same clothing, same scale, and same time of day, how many milliliters of fluid does the nurse estimate the patient has lost?

Answer 123

1000

Question 124

The nurse is giving discharge instructions to the patient with advance congestive heart failure who is at continued risk for fluid volume excess. For which physical change does the nurse instruct the patient to call the health care provider?

Answer 124

greater than 1 to 2 lbs gained in a 24 hour period

Question 125

The nurse is caring for several patients at risk for fall because of fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Which task related to patient safety and fall prevention does the nurse delegate to the UAP?

Answer 125

help the incontinent patient to toilet every 1 to 2 hours

Question 126

The nurse is assessing a patient’s urine specific gravity. The value is 1.035. How does the nurse interpret this result?

Answer 126

dehydration

Question 127

• Main cation is ECF of the cell that maintains ECF osmolarity
• normal plasma value is 136 to 145 mEq

Answer 127

Sodium

Question 128

• normal plasma value is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
• major cation of intracellular fluid (ICF) in the cell
• maintains action potentials in excitable membranes

Answer 128

Potassium

Question 129

• functions include contraction of skeletal and cardiac muscle
• free form is physiologically active in the body

Answer 129

calcium

Question 130

• works in balance with calcium
• normal value is 3.0 to 4.5 mg/dL
• major intracellular anion

Answer 130

phosphorus

Question 131

• has more activity in the cell than in the blood

* Normal value is 1.3 to 2.1 mg/dL

Answer 131

magnesium

Question 132

• normal value is 98 to 106 mEq/L

* major anion of extracellular fluid (ECF)

Answer 132

chloride

Question 133

What are the functions of potassium in the body?

Answer 133

a. regulates protein synthesis
b. regulates glucose use and storage
c. helps maintain normal cardiac rhythm

Question 134

Which statements are true about the electrolyte chloride and its role in the cellular environment of the body?

Answer 134

a. it maintains plasma acid-base balance.
b. it provides electroneutrality in relation to sodium
c. chloride imbalances occur with alterations in body water volume.

Question 135

What impacts does sodium have on body function?

Answer 135

a. maintains electroneutrality
b. regulates water balance
c. regulates plasma osmolality

Question 136

What impacts does phosphorus have in the body?

Answer 136

a. activates B-complex vitamins
b. assists in the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
c. stabilizes excitable membranes

Question 137

The electrolyte magnesium is responsible for which functions?

Answer 137

1. stabilization of excitable membranes
2. contraction of cardiac muscle
3. formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP

Question 138

____ is a major cation of intracellular fluid (ICF) in the cell

Answer 138

potassium

Question 139

A patient is talking to the nurse about sodium intake. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of high-sodium food sources?

Answer 139

” I love Chinese food, but I gave it up because of the soy sauce”.

Question 140

Which statement best explains how antidiuretic hormone (ADH) affects urine output?

Answer 140

it increases permeability to water in the tubules causing a decrease in urine output

Question 141

A patient with hyponatremia would have which gastrointestinal findings upon assessment?

Answer 141

a. hyperactive bowel sounds on auscultation, mostly in the left lower quadrant
b. bowel movements that are frequent and watery
c. abdominal cramping

Question 142

The nurse is caring for a patient with severe hyponatremia. What safety measure does the nurse put in place for this patient?

Answer 142

a. turn on a bed alarm when the patient is in bed
b. place the patient on a low bed.
c. ensure three side rails are up when the patient is in bed.

Question 143

Which patients are at risk for developing hyponatremia?

Answer 143

a. postoperative patient who has been NPO for 24 hours with no IV fluid infusing.
b. patient with excessive intake of 5% dextrose solution
c. diabetic patient with blood glucose of 250 mg/dL
d. tennis player in 100 weather who has been drinking water.