TEST 2 Flashcards
Emotions
Felling, or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or interaction that is important to him/her.
Shaken baby Syndrome
brain swelling and brain hemorrhaging.
Margaret Mahler’s theory
Originated separation-individuation theory of child development.
Sleep patterns of infants and young children
Infants: Longer sleep hours up to 16 and 8 hrs of REM sleep.
Children: up to 10 hrs of sleep and 4 hrs of REM sleep.
Neuron
Nerve cells , which handle information processing at the cellular level.
Dendrites
Receive information from other neurons, muscles, or glands through the axon.
Dynamic Systems Theory
The perspective on motor development that seeks to explain how motor skills are assembled for perceiving and acting.
Infant reflexes
Blinking, babinski, grasping, moro, rooting, stepping, sucking, swimming, tonic neck.
Ecological view
The view that perception functions to bring organisms in contact with the environment and to increase adaptation.
secondary circular reactions
Piaget’s third sensorimotor substage, which develops between 4 and 8 months of age. In this substage, the infant becomes more object-oriented, moving beyond preoccupation with the self.
Object permanence
Paget’s understanding that objects continue to exist, even when they cannot directly be seen, heard or touched.
The core knowledge approach
View that infants are born with domain-specific innate knowledge systems.
Habituation
decreased responsiveness due to repetitive stimulation.
Temperament
an individual’s behavioral style and characteristic way of emotionally responding
Amygdala
The seat of emotions, such as anger.
goodness of fit
the match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope.
Strange Situation & forms of Attachment
An observation measure of infant attachment that requires the infant to move through a series of introductions, separation, and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order.
Stranger anxiety
An infants fear and wariness of strangers: it tends to appear in the second half of the first year of life.
Social refrencing
“reading” emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular situation.
Erik Erikson Stages of Development
Includes eight stages of human development. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis that must be resolved.
Conceptual categorization
infants’ categorization of animals and vehicles based on static vs. dynamic attributes of stimuli was investigated in five experiments.
implicit memory
memory without conscious recollection; involves skills and routine procedures that are automatically performed.
explicit memory
conscious memory of facts and experiences.
A-not-B error
This occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting the familiar hiding place (A) rather than the new hiding place (B).
Broca’s Area
an area in the brain’s left frontal lobe involved in speech production.
Wernicke’s are
an area of the brain’s left hemisphere that is involved in language comprehension.
Self-conscious emotion
Emotion that require self-awareness, especially consciousness and sense of “me”; examples include jealousy, empathy, and embarrassment.
The lobes and their function
Frontal lobe: reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions , and problem solving.
Parietal lobe: movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli.
Occipital lobe: visual processing.
Temporal lobe: perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech.
