TEST 2

Question 1

Emotions

Answer 1

Felling, or affect, that occurs when a person is in a state or interaction that is important to him/her.

Question 2

Shaken baby Syndrome

Answer 2

brain swelling and brain hemorrhaging.

Question 3

Margaret Mahler’s theory

Answer 3

Originated separation-individuation theory of child development.

Question 4

Sleep patterns of infants and young children

Answer 4

Infants: Longer sleep hours up to 16 and 8 hrs of REM sleep.
Children: up to 10 hrs of sleep and 4 hrs of REM sleep.

Question 5

Neuron

Answer 5

Nerve cells , which handle information processing at the cellular level.

Question 6

Dendrites

Answer 6

Receive information from other neurons, muscles, or glands through the axon.

Question 7

Dynamic Systems Theory

Answer 7

The perspective on motor development that seeks to explain how motor skills are assembled for perceiving and acting.

Question 8

Infant reflexes

Answer 8

Blinking, babinski, grasping, moro, rooting, stepping, sucking, swimming, tonic neck.

Question 9

Ecological view

Answer 9

The view that perception functions to bring organisms in contact with the environment and to increase adaptation.

Question 10

secondary circular reactions

Answer 10

Piaget’s third sensorimotor substage, which develops between 4 and 8 months of age. In this substage, the infant becomes more object-oriented, moving beyond preoccupation with the self.

Question 11

Object permanence

Answer 11

Paget’s understanding that objects continue to exist, even when they cannot directly be seen, heard or touched.

Question 12

The core knowledge approach

Answer 12

View that infants are born with domain-specific innate knowledge systems.

Question 13

Habituation

Answer 13

decreased responsiveness due to repetitive stimulation.

Question 14

Temperament

Answer 14

an individual’s behavioral style and characteristic way of emotionally responding

Question 15

Amygdala

Answer 15

The seat of emotions, such as anger.

Question 16

goodness of fit

Answer 16

the match between a child’s temperament and the environmental demands with which the child must cope.

Question 17

Strange Situation & forms of Attachment

Answer 17

An observation measure of infant attachment that requires the infant to move through a series of introductions, separation, and reunions with the caregiver and an adult stranger in a prescribed order.

Question 18

Stranger anxiety

Answer 18

An infants fear and wariness of strangers: it tends to appear in the second half of the first year of life.

Question 19

Social refrencing

Answer 19

“reading” emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in a particular situation.

Question 20

Erik Erikson Stages of Development

Answer 20

Includes eight stages of human development. Each stage consists of a unique developmental task that confronts individuals with a crisis that must be resolved.

Question 21

Conceptual categorization

Answer 21

infants’ categorization of animals and vehicles based on static vs. dynamic attributes of stimuli was investigated in five experiments.

Question 22

implicit memory

Answer 22

memory without conscious recollection; involves skills and routine procedures that are automatically performed.

Question 23

explicit memory

Answer 23

conscious memory of facts and experiences.

Question 24

A-not-B error

Answer 24

This occurs when infants make the mistake of selecting the familiar hiding place (A) rather than the new hiding place (B).

Question 25

Broca’s Area

Answer 25

an area in the brain’s left frontal lobe involved in speech production.

Question 26

Wernicke’s are

Answer 26

an area of the brain’s left hemisphere that is involved in language comprehension.

Question 27

Self-conscious emotion

Answer 27

Emotion that require self-awareness, especially consciousness and sense of “me”; examples include jealousy, empathy, and embarrassment.

Question 28

The lobes and their function

Answer 28

Frontal lobe: reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions , and problem solving.
Parietal lobe: movement, orientation, recognition, perception of stimuli.
Occipital lobe: visual processing.
Temporal lobe: perception and recognition of auditory stimuli, memory, and speech.