Test 2 Flashcards
Define extant.
a. Still in existence or surviving
What is adaptation?
What is a cnidocyst?
A type of venomous cell unique to the phylum Cnidaria (corals, sea anemones, hydrae, jellyfish, etc)
Is extinction a natural process?
Yes
Do individuals evolve?
No, only species can evolve.
Are all sperm and eggs genetically identical?
All of the sperm and eggs produced by an individual are different from one another and any one of those gametes may be the gamete involved in fertilization.
Know how to determine the genotype of offspring when given the parents genotype? (i.e. AA and aa) Also know whether the offspring would show the dominant or recessive trait.
The earliest life on earth appeared how long ago?
3.5 Billion years ago
What is allopatric speciation?
Occurs when biological populations of the same species become isolated from each other to an extent that prevents or interferes with genetic interchange.
How do agricultural pests evolve resistance to pesticides?
What happens if telomeres become too short?
After some critical number of cell divisions, with the telomere getting shorter and shorter each time, any additional cell divisions will cause the loss of functional, essential DNA, which means almost certain death for the cell
What is the final product of mitosis?
Identical copies of the old cells
Know the genus of the hominid ancestors?
All vertebrates are members of what phylum?
Chordata
What animals did Darwin study in the Galapagos Islands that helped him develop his theory of evolution by natural selection?
What is phenotype?
The outward appearance of an individual.
Did humans evolve from chimpanzees?
Not from modern day chimps, but we have common ancestors.
What is incomplete dominance?
Dominance—a heterozygote displays a characteristic somewhere between the characteristics of the two homozygotes.
What is genetic drift?
A random change in allele frequencies, unrelated to any allele’s influence on reproductive success.
What conditions need to be satisfied for evolution by natural selection to occur?
Variation of a trait: different versions of a trait are present within a population. b. Heritability: the different versions of a trait may be passed from parents to offspring. c. Differential reproductive success: Individuals with the versions of a trait most suited to reproduction in their environment generally leave more offspring than individuals with other versions of the trait.
What is fitness?
Do mammals lay eggs?
No