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Bartending 101 > Test 2, 20% > Flashcards

Test 2, 20% Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 countries that primarily produce whisk(e)y and how do they spell it?

A

1) Scotland (Whisky)
2) Canada (Whisky)
3) Ireland (Whiskey)
4) United States (Whiskey)

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2
Q

What does Uisge beath mean?

A

Water of life

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3
Q

Main ingredient in Scotch whiskey?

A

Malted barley (malt dried with PEAT)

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4
Q

What are the 3 things that make a single malt Scotch?

A

1) Done in a single distillery
2) Used only a single cereal (Barley)
3) Done in a POT still

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5
Q

What do you call Canadian whisky and what flavour is different?

A

Rye: Spicery and lighter

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6
Q

What is the grain used in Canadian Whisky?

A

Wheat

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7
Q

What still type does Canadian Whisky use?

A

Continuous (coffee)

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8
Q

How long is Canadian Whisky aged for?

A

3 years

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9
Q

What is American Whiskey called?

A

Bourbon

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10
Q

What needs to be true to make it Bourbon?

A

1) Must be made in Kentucky
2) 51% corn

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11
Q

What still is used to distill American Whiskey (Bourbon)?

A

Both the POT and CONTINUOUS (coffee)

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12
Q

How is American Whiskey (Bourbon) aged?

A

A new white oak barrel for only 2 years

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13
Q

What is Sour mash?

A

Similar to American Whiskey (Bourbon) because it uses corn.

Something else to come back to this one

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14
Q

What is different between Irish and Scotish Whiskey?

A

Irish whiskey uses a CLOSED FLOOR DRYING process so the malted barley does not smell peaty.

Irish gets triple pot distilled (makes it very clear)

Irish whickey is often blended

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15
Q

What are the 7 steps to making Whiskey?

sorry long card

A

1) Malting= Germinating and drying barley to maintain the starches needed for fermentation
2) Peating= Peat is used to dry the malt.
3) Milling= Malt gets cracked to maximize sugar extraction for fermentation
4) Mashing= malt is mixed with hot water in a Mash ton to produce (wort).
5) Fermentation= Wort is cooled and pumped into (wash backs) where fermentation occurs.
6) Distillation= Higher quality whiskey is distilled in pot stills. Lower in column stills.
7) Aging= Barrel aging for 3 years. or 2 in us

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16
Q

Where does tequila come from?

A

The town Tequila in Jalisco Mexico

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17
Q

What is the main ingredient in Tequila?

A

51% blue agave

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18
Q

How long does an agave plant take to mature and how large do they get?

A

8 to 10 years.
Roughly 150 lbs

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19
Q

What is process of hydrolysis in tequila making?

A

Pina gets chopped up and roasted for 1 to 2 days.

Hydrolysis is a chemical reaction that breaks down the complex sugars in a pina plant into simple sugars (fructose and glucose). = makes it easier for yeast to ferment

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20
Q

How does Milling work in the tequila making process?

A

After hydrolysis the cooked agave gets crushed to further extract sugars for fermentation and the juice (MOSTO) is then pumped into the fermentation tanks.

The liquid pulp (AGUAMIEL) is fermented

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21
Q

What type of still is used for tequila?

A

POT still. the slower it destills the clearer the tequila will be.

Sometimes after it gets diluted, filtered and bottled as tequila blanco

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22
Q

What are the most common types of Tequila?

A

1) Blanco: Un aged.

2) Reposado: Rested. aged 2 to 11 months.

3) Añejo: Aged 1 to 3 years

4) Extra Añejo: Aged more than 3 years

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23
Q

What is Mezcal made from?

A

Agave. JUST NOT BLUE

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24
Q

How many types of agave is there?

A

30

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25
Q

Where did Gin originate from?

A

The Netherlands (Holland)

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26
Q

Who is William of Orange?

A

The Dutchman

Took over the British crown in 1688 and brought over genever from holland to britain

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27
Q

Main ingredient in gin?

A

Juniper berries

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28
Q

What still is used for gin?

A

Column still=Continous=Coffee

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29
Q

What was the Gin Craze?

A

Unlicensed gin production was allowed.

7500 london gin shops by 1740.

2 parts spirit 1 part water sold for 1penny.

Everyone was drinking (including babies) lots were dying.

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30
Q

What happened because of the Gin Craze?

A

The Gin Act (1751)

Brought production under control

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31
Q

What happened with Gin in the 1830s?

A

London gin emerged

Column still invented

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32
Q

What happened with Gin in 1816?

A

Tonic was invented to combat malaria

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33
Q

How was Gin made in the 13th century?

A

Europeans used pot stills

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34
Q

When was genever invented?

A

16th century Netherlands (it was medicinal)

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35
Q

Tell me about London Gin?

A

1st: Column still used to distil grains

2nd: Pot still used and juniper and citrus is added.

Not aged

36
Q

Tell me about Dutch Gin?

A

Pot still used. Barley added to it.

Aged in wood

Resembles whiskey

37
Q

Tell me about sloe gin?

A

Flavoured with Sloe berries (like plums)

Red colour

Almonds often added

typically 15 to 30% alc by vol

38
Q

Name 6 brands of Gin?

A

1) Empress
2) Bombay
3) Tanquaray
4) Gordons
5) Hendrix
6) Beefeater

39
Q

Liqueurs are?

A

Flavoured and sweetened spirits

40
Q

What % alcohol are liqueurs?

A

15 to 30 %

21% but the ones that are closer to 35% are far higher in sugar

41
Q

3 steps on how a liqueur is produced?

A

Base spirit….

1) Infusing
2) Redistilling
3) Adding essence of flavour agents

then bottled with added sugar

42
Q

What does (Digestif) mean?

A

Aids in digestion. duh

Served after a meal is consumed

43
Q

Liqueurs. What does generic and proprietary mean?

A

Generic = Made by several manufacturers. (eg) triple sec

Proprietary = Sold by one specific brand name. (eg) Kahlua, Galliano

44
Q

Historical use for liqueurs?

A

Cure ailments. Medicine

45
Q

Liqueurs. What does (Aperatif) mean?

A

Alcoholic beverage served and consumed before a meal.

46
Q

List 6 different HERBAL liqueurs

A

1) Sambuca. G
2) Pernod. P
3) Drambuie. P
4) Jaegermeister. P
5) Dry Vermouth. G
6) Sweet Vermouth. G

47
Q

List 2 different SPICE liqueurs

A

1) Galliano. P
2) Southern Comfort. P

48
Q

List 7 different FRUIT liqueurs

A

1) Grand Marnier. P
2) Triple Sec. G
3) Cointreau. P
4) Cassis. P
5) Blue Curacao.
6) Cherry Brandy. G
7) Peach Schnapps. G

49
Q

List 2 different NUT liqueurs

A

1) Amaretto. G
2) Frangelico. P

50
Q

List 1 COFFEE liqueur

A

Kahlua. P

51
Q

List 1 CREAM liquere

A

Baileys. P

52
Q

Sweeter liqueurs are _____________.

A

Heavier

53
Q

The higher the alcohol the ____________ it is.

A

Lighter

54
Q

Cream based liqueurs are generally ___________.

A

Lighter

55
Q

Where is Sambuca from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Generic liqueur.

Anise. Black liquorice

56
Q

Where is Pernod from and what does it taste like?

A

France. Proprietary.

Anise. Black liquorice

57
Q

Where is Drambuie from and what does it taste like?

A

Scotland. Proprietary.

Malt whiskey, honey, herbs, spices

58
Q

Where is Jaegermeister from and what does it taste like?

A

Germany. Proprietary

50 plus herbs and spices

59
Q

Where is Dry Vermouth from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Generic

Fortified wine with botanicals.
4% sugar

60
Q

Where is Sweet Vermouth from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Generic

Foritified wine but 10 to 15% sugar

61
Q

Where is Galliano from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Proprietary

Vanilla and liquorice

62
Q

Where is Southern Comfort from and what does it taste like?

A

US. Proprietary

Peach flavour and bourbon

63
Q

Where is Grand Marnier from and what does it taste like?

A

France. Proprietary

Orange, cognac.

Its the fanciest of the orange liqueurs

64
Q

Where is Triple Sec from and what does it taste like?

A

Anywhere. Generic

Orange.

Lowest class of the orange liqueurs

65
Q

Where is Cointreau from and what does it taste like?

A

France. Proprietary

Orange.

Middle class of the orange liqueurs

66
Q

Where is Cassis from and what does it taste like?

A

France. Propreitary

Black currents

67
Q

Where is Blue Curacao from and what does it taste like?

A

Curacao (Caribbean).

Citrus and orange

68
Q

Where is Cherry Brandy from and what does it taste like?

A

Eastern Europe. Generic

Cherry

69
Q

Where is Peach Schnapps from and what does it taste like?

A

US. Generic

Peach

70
Q

Where is Amaretto from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Generic

Almonds and apricot pits

71
Q

Where is Frangelico from and what does it taste like?

A

Italy. Proprietary

Hazelnuts

72
Q

Where is Kahlua from and what does it taste like?

A

Mexico. Proprietary

Coffee chocolate and vanilla

73
Q

Where is Baileys from and what does it taste like?

A

Ireland. Proprietary

Whiskey and cream

74
Q

4 main producing countries of rum

A

1) Jamaica. (mostly dark rum)

2) Barbedos (dark rum)

3) Puerto Rico (white rum)

4) Cuba (white rum)

75
Q

What was rum used for in the 16th century?

A

Currency.

Bartering with pirates.

Navy issued rum rations

76
Q

When and when did european settlers get rum?

A

Brought sugar cane over from India

COME BACK TO I CANT REMEMBER WHEN THIS WAS

77
Q

What are the ingredients in rum?

A

Fermented sugar cane juice and molasses.

or sugar cane and sugar beets

78
Q

How is light rum produced?

A

With molassses or sugar cane juice.

1) fast working yeast
2) mostly used column still
3) often filtered
4) aged in barrels

79
Q

What does (Angels Share) mean?

A

The amount of an alcoholic beverage that is lost due to evaporation if aged in oak barrels.

In hot climates 10% of product is lost

In cold climates 2% of product is lost. (Aged typically 1 year or less in Canada)

80
Q

How is dark rum produced?

A

Molasses or cane juice

1) slow acting yeast (wild)
2) higher congener rate
3) double distilled in pot still
4) caramel added for colour

Aged longer

81
Q

What are congeners?

A

(eg) esthers or tannins

Cause a hangover or foggy head.

Chemical compounds that are also produced during fermentation

82
Q

2 main differenced between Dark rum and Light rum?

A

1) Dark rum is aged longer
2) Dark rum uses slow acting yeast.

83
Q

What is Demerara rum?

A

Named after river in South America

Sweeter

Overproof rum 75%abv

Aged in whiskey barrels

84
Q

Which countries like light rum?

A

Spanish countries

85
Q

Which countries like dark rum?

A

English countries

86
Q

Name 6 liqueurs from Italy

A

1) Sambuca
2) Dry vermouth
3) Sweet Vermouth
4) Galliano
5) Amaretto
6) Frangelico

87
Q

Name 4 liqueurs that are from France

A

1) Pernod
2) Grand Marnier
3) Cointreau
4) Cassis

Bartending 101 (3 decks)

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