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CSD 315 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following scores expresses a person’s cognitive abilities?

A

MA

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2
Q

What is “the collection of conceptual, social, and practical skills that have been learned and are performed by people in their everyday lives” referring to?

A

adaptive behavior

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3
Q

T/F the AIDD definition of intellectual disabilities is “intellectual disability is characterized by significant limitations in intellectual function and adaptive behaviors”

A

False

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4
Q

T/F: Children with intellectual impairments are excluded from the U.S. federal definition of learning disability.

A

True

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5
Q

T/F: the three most common causes of ID are Angelman Syndrome, Down syndrome, and Fragile X Syndrome

A

False

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6
Q

What are the two major areas identified as the core features of autism as outlined in the DSM-V

A

-Social
-Communication/interaction
-Restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior/interests

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7
Q

By their first birthday, which of the following behaviors discriminate infants with ASD from their typically developing peers?

A

absence of joint attention

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8
Q

why is normed-referenced testing problematic in young children with suspected autism?

A

Social impairment may impact performance

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9
Q

T/F: ASD is a disorder of the emotional system

A

False

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10
Q

T/F: Social (Pragmatic) communication disorder is another name for ASD

A

False

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11
Q

what condition is a common cause of fluctuating hearing loss in children?

A

otitis media

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12
Q

how is the degree of hearing loss determined?

A

three frequency average

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13
Q

children with which severity of hearing loss benefit most from amplification?

A

moderate

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14
Q

there is an inverse relationship between language outcomes and amount of hearing

A

True

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15
Q

T/F: Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when there is damage to the cochlear or the neurological pathways

A

True

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16
Q

what are differences in personal space and eye contact attributed to?

A

implicit culture

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17
Q

what does the term “mixed vernacular” refer to?

A

the result of mixing of two languages

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18
Q

T/F: Culture is a statement about behaviors that are shared by a group of individuals

A

True

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19
Q

T/F: Most bilingual speakers have differing competence in their two languages

A

True

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20
Q

T/F: There are four stages in developing bilingual competence

A

False

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21
Q

which of the following is not a common test of intelligence?

A

The goldman-fristoe

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22
Q

adaptive behavior skills include: conceptual skills, practical skills, and …

A

social skills

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23
Q

which of the following is not genetic/chromosomal condition that causes intellectual disability?

A

FAS

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24
Q

what is trisomy 21

A

down syndrome

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25
what is FAS
fetal alcohol syndrome
26
T/F: immunizations cause autism
false
27
the most evidence based intervention for autism is
applied behavior analysis
28
RRBs are used as criterion for diagnosing ASD, what are they?
Restricted Repetitive Behaviors; there are four criteria and 2 of the four must be met
29
how many criteria is for ASD
3 and all 3 must be met
30
T/F: Environmental factors such as low maternal folic acid and toxins are thought to be a contributing cause of ASD
`True; neurobiological brain variations, environmental factors, and genetics
31
T/F: seizures are a common comorbidity with ASD
True table 7.5
32
T/F: theory of mind are generally preserved communication skills in ASD
False
33
what is segmental phonology
the ability to produce segments of speech sounds
34
in acoustics of speech, intensity equates to
loudness which is measured in decibels
35
what does frequency equate to
pitch which is cycles/second (Hz)
36
which type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve?
sensorineural
37
why is early-onset (pre-lingual) hearing loss particularly concerning for language development?
it disrupts access to auditory input during critical periods
38
which of the following speech characteristics is often observed in children with severe hearing loss
monotone pitch and poor prosody
39
a cochlear implant converts sounds into
electrical signals
40
which of the following is not true regarding culture
culture is fixed
41
dialects are
a neutral label referring to any variety of a language shared by speakers
42
T/F: some dialects are more/les correct, logical and complex
false
43
bilingual learner who has had significant input in two languages before 3 years old
simultaneous bilingual
44
when a langue impairment occurs in bilinguals, symptoms must occur
in both L1 and L2
45
BICS is an acronym for
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills
46
CALP stands for
Cognitive academic language proficiency
47
Does social communication language disorder require RRB's
no and they don't have the qualifications for it.
48
Causes of Intellectual Disability
Biological origin and cultural-familial origins
49
Angleman Syndrome
Severe speech impairment, hand-flapping and repetitive behaviors, feeding problems - tongue protrusion
50
Down Syndrome
Language comprehension is better than production particularly syntax, problem with speech intelligibility, disturbances in voice, articulation, resonance, fluency, or prosody, stuttering is more prevalent, morphosyntax is more difficult than semantics
51
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Leading cause of developmental disabilities in United States, delayed speech and language acquisition, receptive and expressive language problems, difficulties with narrative discourse particularly errors in nominal reference, difficulties with social communication
52
Fragile X Syndrome
Most common inherited cause of ID, delayed speech and language skills particularly syntax, relative strengths in vocabulary and language comprehension, difficulties with articulation, fluency, and oral motor skills, prolonged unintelligible speech, particularly in connected speec, social interaction and pragmatic difficulties similar to those associated with ASD.
53
Prader-Willi
Low muscle tone, short, cognitive deficits, chronic feeling of hunger
54
Williams syndrome
caused by the spontaneous deletion of 26-28 genes on chromosome 7, striking verbal abilities, affinity for music, learning challenges, cardiovascular disease, developmental delays
55
Implications for Intervention for children with ID
-Include comprehensive assessment -Flexible and functional intervention plan -emphasize strengths to address specific communication needs -More repetition needed -Naturalistic environment -generalization -Address learned helplessness and poor decision making
56
Differences between ASD and social pragmatic communication disorder
Social communication disorder is characterized by persistent difficulties with the use of verbal and nonverbal language for social purposes. primary difficulties may be in social interaction, social understanding, pragmatics, and languid processing
57
Cormorbid conditions with ASD
Intellectual disabilities, motor behavior deficits, sensory problem deficits, hearing loss, seizures, and developmental disorders
58
causes of ASD
No single cause has been identified. typically diagnosed based on behavioral symptoms, without reference to etiology. -Neurobiological/ brain variations -Genetics -Environmental factors
59
communication skills in children with ASD
Early deficits- smiling, pointing, eye gaze, joint attention, or responding to people Impaired- Non-segmental phonology, pronoun difficulties, scholia, formulaic language, neologisms, and communicative functions
60
what is the primary screening tool with ASD
M-Chat - Modified checklist in autism in toddlers
61
what is the medical ASD evaluations
Based on DSM-V: -Impaired in social communication -Restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior Healthcare professional conduct dx evaluation -best done multidisciplinary May include recommendations for medical supplemental therapies and education across settings
62
what is the educational ASD evaluation
Based on IDEA -ASD is a category for special educational eligibility -Section 504 of ADA Part C of IDEA qualifies for FIRST STEPS with medical dx Part B assessment conducted by multidisciplinary team to determine eligibility of services and identify areas that adversely affects education
63
different intervention models:
Applied Behavior Analysis, Social interaction theory, comprehensive treatment models, and focused intervention practices
64
acoustics of speech with hearing impairment
different combinations of frequencies and intensities
65
children with which severity of hearing loss benefit most from amplification
moderate
65
why are more consonant errors than vowel errors
because it is a frequency difference; constants have a higher one
66
concepts related to cultural diversity
race- a social construct language- form, content, and use culture- shared way of seeing or approaching or experiencing the world. can be both implicit and explicit
67
concepts of linguistic variations
Nature of language * Dialects * Standard American English * Accent, register, slang, jargon, idiolect
68
what is slang
type of language variation; a variation of meanings of words
69
what is jargon
variation in vocab in relation to job or career
70
simultaneous vs. sequential bilingualism
optimal language-learning environment with optimal experience, age of exposure and acquisitions, amount of exposure, quality of exposure, family value of languages and culture, community exposure and value of languages and culture
71
BICS and CALP
-BICS: Basic Interpersonal communication (context imbedded); 6 months - 2 years of exposure to second language -CALP: Cognitive academic language profeciencs (context reduced); no facial expressions or gestures, takes 5-7 years to develop
72
SUP and CUP
SUP- separate underlying proficiency (C1and C2 as independent systems) CUP- common underlying proficiency (evidence based having C1 a stronger foundation interdependent for L2)
73
issues in assessment
testing bias -cultual bias -examiner sensitivity bias -overinterpretation bias -linguistic bias -DELV -Minimal Core Competency -Differential Diagnosis
74
Implications for Intervention
1. Intervention is not recommended for children who are competent uses of Language 2. Therapeutic Language intervention is recommended for children who fail to show competency in any language or dialect

CSD 315 (2 decks)

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