Test #2

Question 1

Cognitive impairment, memory loss, difficulty with problem-solving, disruption of cellular function and blood vessel damage, seizure, loss of sensation and cognition difficulties

Answer 1

TBI complications

Question 2

Volume status, ensuring proper ventricularostomy transducer levels, limited endotracheal suctioning, elevate head a bed 30°, manage sedation

Answer 2

increased ICP interventions

Question 3

Decrease cerebral perfusion interventions

Answer 3

Maintain adequate mean arterial pressure MAP, lower ICP, regulate restriction and dilation of blood vessels

Question 4

Abnormal posturing, Cushing triad, cough, reflex, and ability to follow simple commands, assess cranial nerves

Answer 4

Plan of care for a patient with TBI

Question 5

A nurse teaching students about TBI should include these risk factors

Answer 5

Sports related injuries, falls, violence

Question 7

Elevate head of bed 30°, maintain neck and midline position, maintenance of ventriculostomy at the correct position, maintain enteral feedings, administration of pain medication

Answer 7

Interventions for patient with TBI

Question 8

Stroke that occurs when blood leak enter to the space between the brain and thin membranes that cover it

Answer 8

Subarachnoid hemorrhage SAH

Question 9

Medication’s for SAH that can cause a patient to fall

Answer 9

Blood pressure medication- lisinopril, amlodipine
Antipsychotic- olanzapine
Antidepressants-citalopram

Question 10

Medication for SAH and ICP

Answer 10

Antidiuretic- mannitol

Question 11

Administer hypertensive and maintain blood pressure under 160 mmHg

Answer 11

Interventions for SAH

Question 12

CT angiography

Answer 12

will diagnose any decrease blood flow related to Vasopasm

Question 13

Cushing’s triad symptoms

Answer 13

Hypertension, bradycardia, irregular respirations with episodes of apnea, widening pulse pressure, shallow breathing, can lead to brainstem herniation

Question 14

Hyperventilate the patient and IV fluids

Answer 14

Brain herniations

Question 15

Bruising behind the eyes,ears, blood pooling in the eardrum

Answer 15

Basilar skull fracture

Question 16

Progressive neurodegenerative disease that develops after repeated head injuries

Answer 16

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy

Question 17

Coup

Answer 17

Brain injury that occurs directly under the point of impact to the skull

Question 18

Contrecoup

Answer 18

Bring injury that occurs on the opposite side of the skull from the impact due to the brain rebounding and hitting the skull again

Question 19

Inflammation of the membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord
Can cause cerebral edema
Bacterial and viral infection

Answer 19

Meningitis

Question 20

Damage to the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Patients with diabetes are at risk if they do not control

Answer 20

Peripheral neuropathy

Question 21

Chronic migraine, headache

Answer 21

Persistent headaches that occur for 15 days per month for more than three months

Question 22

Vasogenic cerebral edema

Answer 22

Brain cell that occurs when the blood brain barrier becomes damage

Question 23

Stroke risk factors

Answer 23

Smoking, high blood pressure, obesity, diabetes

Question 24

Parkinson’s disease risk factors

Answer 24

environmental exposure-job air pollution
Lifestyle -smoking, heavy alcohol use

Question 25

Tension headache

Answer 25

Dull pressing or tightening pain typically affecting both sides

Question 26

Cluster headaches

Answer 26

Extreme, sharp or stabbing headache, usually in or behind one eye Risk factors are stressed and muscle tension

Question 27

Transient ischemic stroke

Answer 27

Interruption of blood flow to the brain Risk factors high blood pressure, diabetes, and family history

Question 28

Cerebral aneurysm

Answer 28

A bulge or ballooning in the blood vessel in the brain

Question 29

Cerebral aneurysm interventions

Answer 29

Elevate head of bed, 30 to 45° and bed rest

Question 30

Symptoms of a cerebral aneurysm

Answer 30

Light sensitivity, loss of consciousness, visual disturbances, nausea, and vomiting

Question 31

lewy body dementia

Answer 31

Progressive brain disorder, characterized by abnormal protein deposits, called lewy bodies in the brain, believe to be related to alpha synuclin protein

Question 32

Assessment instrument to help diagnose delirium in a patient who is critically ill

Answer 32

Confusion assessment method for the ICU

Question 33

Epilepsy precautions

Answer 33

Don’t climb ladders, do not swim without a partner, don’t use power tools, put patient on seizure precautions, do not put anything in patient’s mouth