Test 2

Question 1

What is Spina Bifida?

Answer 1

Spina Bifida is a neutral tube defect when the spinal column doesn’t not fully close

Question 2

This occurs in the first month of pregnancy.

Answer 2

It is the most common neutral tube defect

Question 3

There are three distinct types of spina bifida:

Answer 3

meningocele and occulta myelomeningocele

Question 4

Myélomeningocele This is the most severe form of Spina Bifida

Answer 4

as well as the most common.

Question 5

Bifida occurs when the meninges (protective covering of the spinal cord)

Answer 5

This spinal nerves com through the part of the spine.

Question 6

This can cause damage to the nerves and spinal cord

Answer 6

the skin covering the area will be absent requiring surgical closure.

Question 7

Urgent treatment (surgery) is necessary to minimize further neurological damage and infection at the

Answer 7

Below the nerve damage at the opening is where develop of the muscles and limbs can be affected

Question 8

can be affected. There may be partial or complete paralysis. Bowel and bladder function are frequently

Answer 8

Affected as well

Question 9

Meningocele is the second most severe form of spina bifida

Answer 9

This form of spina bifida occurs when the meninges(protective covering of the spinal cord

Question 10

(meninges) come through the open part of the spine like a sac that is pushed out. The spinal cord is left intact

Answer 10

Cerebrospinal fluid is in the sac and there is usually no névé damaged

Question 11

spinal cord are not in the sac

Answer 11

the nerves remain protected and therefore are not as badly damaged.

Question 12

person with meningocele will usually have better physical

Answer 12

Development and bowel and bladder control

Question 13

Occulta often called hidden spina bifida

Answer 13

The spinal cord and the nerves are usually normal and there is no opening on the back

Question 14

In this relatively harmless form of Spina Bifida

Answer 14

there is a small defect or gap in a few

Question 15

of the small bones (vertebrae) that make up the spine.

Answer 15

There may be no motor or sensory impairments evident at birth

Question 16

Subtle progressive neurological there may be no motor or sensory impairments evident at birth

Answer 16

Subtle progressive neurologic deterioration often become evident in later childhood or adulthood

Question 17

In many instances spina bifida deterioration often becomes evident in later childhood or adulthood

Answer 17

In many instances, spina bifida occulta is so mild that there are no disturbance

Question 18

Occulta can be diagnosed at any

Answer 18

Age

Question 19

The important thing to remember is that regardless of the level of neurological involvement

Answer 19

people with spina bifida are more like typical developing individuals are grown up to live

Question 20

spina bifida are more like typically developing individuals and grow up to live independent lives with varying degrees

Answer 20

Support and accommodation needed

Question 21

Many individuals(70-90%)With myelommodations and meningocele spina bifida

Answer 21

Will also develop hydrocephalus.

Question 22

hydrocephalus either in utero or after birth. Hydrocephalus is the excessive accumulation

Answer 22

Cerebrospinal fluid in and around the brain

Question 23

While everyone has to protect the brain spinal cord

Answer 23

When it is unable to drain independently it collects in and around the brain

Question 24

The high fluid pressures on the brain can result in lasting effects

Answer 24

This can include impaired vision, hearing, Mobility and coordination along with sizers headaches, Imbalance of learning disability

Question 25

Treatment for hydrocephalus usually involves surgically implanting a shunt (a flexible tube)

Answer 25

Into the ventricles of the brain to drain away excess cerebrospinal fluid

Question 26

The shunt will run from the brain to either the stomach or heart to drain

Answer 26

With treatment, Intelligence and lifespan are similar to those of the general population

Question 27

However most people with hydrocephalus will have some form of learning disability

Answer 27

Shunts need replacing with age and occasionally due to blockage

Question 28

Projectile vomiting unexplained pupil dilation seizures

Answer 28

Headaches and drowsiness

Question 29

What causes spina bifida the cause is largely unknown. Research’s believe that genetic and environmental factors act together to cause the condition

Answer 29

Research has indicated that the gene responsible for making the enzyme that helps the body use folate has an error in it.

Question 30

If this is combined with a mother’s diet which is deficient in folic acid

Answer 30

it appears to be the cause. This link has not been made in all cases for spina bifida

Question 31

Currently in Canada approximately 1 in every 2500 lives births are infants with spina bifida However over the past three decades

Answer 31

There has been a worldwide decline the reasons for this are not clear but researches hypothesize that is related to better diet

Question 32

Because spina bifida often goes undiagnosed it is difficult to determine the actual number of Canadians with spina bifida

Answer 32

What effects can it have on the individual who have myelomeningocele

Question 33

Children and young adults with spina bifida can have difficulty with walking and getting around

Answer 33

Skin breakdown,gastrointestinal disorders,learning disabilities,Depression tendonitis, and sexual issues

Question 34

Individuals with spina bifida and or hydrocephalus are allergic to natural latex the sap of the rubber tree since surgical gloves

Answer 34

Catheters and other materials have latex in them in essential that individuals be educated about the risk early on.

Question 35

What needs do people with spina bifida have?The most immediate need is surgery ro close up the protruding sac and prevent further deterioration surgery is often nessary to place and replace the shunt

Answer 35

Due to lack of bladder and bowel control individuals with spina bifida will need to learn to Catheterize(to empty the bladder) and disimpact(to empty the bowls) themselves

Question 36

Access to early intervention programs is also commonly needed these services can provide family counseling and a variety of therapies

Answer 36

Once in school individuals with spina bifida can function quite well some will have learning disability due to hydrocephalus and they would need some academic accommodations