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Head & Neck Anatomy > Test #2 > Flashcards

Test #2 Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

Functions of the nose (3):

A
  • warm the air we breathe
  • humidify the air we breathe
  • filter and clean the air we breathe
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2
Q

Ethmoid bone

A

-upper 1/3 - 2/3 of the lateral wall
-houses the superior and middle nasal conchae

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3
Q

Maxillae

A

Portions are found in the lower part of the lateral wall

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4
Q

Where do the ethmoid and maxillae meet?

A

Inferior nasal concha

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5
Q

What is formed by the ethmoid, vomer and fibrocartilage?

A

Nasal septum

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6
Q

What is composed of a portion of the sphenoid bone where it meets the ethmoid bone?

A

Sphenoethmoidal recess

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7
Q

What is the space below each nasal conchae called?

A

Meatus

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8
Q

What are the bony projections that separate the meatuses called?

A

Nasal conchae

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9
Q

Where is the tear duct located (hint: one of the meatuses)

A

Inferior meatus (it has a small opening for the nasolacrimal duct

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10
Q

Where is the hiatus semilunaris (crescent shaped opening) located?

A

Middle meatus

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11
Q

What is the bulbous ridge above the hiatus semilunaris called?

A

Ethmoid bulla

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12
Q

What is the smallest meatus?

A

Superior meatus

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13
Q

What is the osteomeatal complex?

A

-it’s an anatomically constricted area that is prone to blockage
-The middle meatus

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14
Q

Kinds of epithelium of the nasal cavity (2):

A
  • respiratory epithelium
  • olfactory epithelium
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15
Q

Which epithelium is found throughout most of the nasal cavity?

A

Respiratory epithelium

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16
Q

What are goblet cells and where are they found?

A

-they secrete a sticky mucous onto the cilia which traps contaminants
-found in the respiratory epithelium

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17
Q

Which epithelium has nerve fibres to perceive odours?

A

Olfactory epithelium

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18
Q

Where is the olfactory epithelium found?

A

The roof of the nasal cavity and upper surface of the superior nasal concha

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19
Q

What is rhinosinusitis?

A

Caused by anything that impedes air flow into the sinuses or mucous clearance out of the sinuses

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20
Q

What can cause rhinosinusitis? (8)

A

-infection
-allergies
-irritants (like smoke)
-anatomical obstructions
-foreign bodies
-diseases
-dryness
-certain medications

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21
Q

Which sinus develops last?

A

Frontal sinus

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22
Q

Which is the largest sinus?

A

Maxillary sinus

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23
Q

Where is the maxillary sinuses located?

A

Upper jaw bone (maxillary)

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24
Q

Where are the ethmoid sinuses located?

A

In the ethmoid bone (part of the eye socket)

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25
Where are the frontal sinuses located?
Forehead and upper eye socket
26
Where are the sphenoid sinuses located?
Sphenoid bone (middle of skull)
27
List the sinuses in order from biggest to smallest (volume wise)
-maxillary (15 ml/1 tbsp) -ethmoid (15 ml/1 tbsp) -sphenoid (7.5 ml) -frontal (6-7ml)
28
Which sinus (when infected) can feel like maxillary tooth pain?
Maxillary sinus
29
What is a joint?
A site of junction or union between two or more bones
30
What encloses the TMJ?
A fibrous joint capsule
31
What is the articulate disc?
Fibrous pad of collagen tissue that is located between the two bones
32
What are the three paired ligaments within the TMJ?
-temporomandibular -stulomandibular -sphenomandibular
33
What is a ligament?
A band of fibrous tissue that connects bones
34
Two types of movement in the TMJ
-rotational -gliding
35
What are the two kinds of *gliding* movement?
-Protrusion (anterior movement) -Retrusion (posterior movement)
36
Two kinds of *rotational* movement
-depression (lowering the jaw) -elevation (raise the jaw)
37
Which movements open the mouth?
Protrusion and depression
38
Which movements close the mouth?
Retrusion and elevation
39
Things the client must do during a TMJ assessment (5):
-open mouth -close mouth -open jaw to the left -open jaw to the right -move jaw forward
40
Why does the jaw click or pop?
When the disc is pulled too far forward on opening (if it pops on closing it’s called a reciprocal pop)
41
What does it mean if the joint jumps on one side?
The client might need an ultrasound, physical therapy or a night guard
42
Trismus
The inability to open the mouth normally
43
Sublaxation
When a client opens the mouth too wide
44
Bruxism
Teeth grinding
45
Arthritis
Inflammation and deterioration of the joint -treatment: cortisone
46
Myofascial pain dysfunction
Increased pain at the TMJ due to muscle tension and spasm (MPD may be a physical symptom of psychological stress)
47
What are the sinuses?
Hollow spaces in the facial bone that are lined with mucous
48
How many litres of mucous do the sinuses produce each day?
1/2-1 L
49
Define meati:
A natural body opening or canal (air pockets) behind the concha
50
Define Ostia:
Tiny opening into a vessel or cavity of the body
51
The external nose is attached inferiorly to the __________
Anterior nasal spine
52
The ______ is formed by the vomer, a portion of the ethmoid bone, and the fibrocartilaginous part of the septum
Septum
53
The inferior nasal concha is located where the _______ and ethmoid bones meet
Maxilla
54
The _____ _______ is located positerior to the conchae
Nasal pharynx
55
Why are ethmoid sinuses ofte called ethmoid air cells?
Because they are divided into numerous small compartments
56
The ____________ _______ is the highest and most posterior part of the nasal cavity
Sphenoethmoid recess
57
Which sinus (when infected) can cause pain above the eyes?
Frontal sinus
58
Which sinus (when infected) results in congestion and aching in the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid sinus
59
The mandibular fossa is located on the __________
Temporal bone
60
Between the temporal bone and the condyle of the mandible is the _____________
Articulate disc
61
The anterior band of the articulate disc is ____________ than the posterior band of the disc
Thinner
62
Opening the mouth wide involves rotational movement ________________________
And gliding movement
63
The lubricant liquid of the joint is called
Synovial fluid
64
What is synovial fluid secreted by?
Epithelial lining tissue
65
The __________ ___________ helps to prevent the condyle from being displaced out of the fossa
Temporomandibular ligament
66
The TMJ is an articulation that involves the temporal bone and the ________ of the mandible
Condyle

Head & Neck Anatomy (2 decks)

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