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plant survey > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

bryophyte

A

non-vascular plants that reproduce by spores

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2
Q

antheridia

A

male reproductive structure, releases sperm in bryophytes

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3
Q

archegonia

A

female reproductive structure, holds eggs in bryophytes

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4
Q

thallus

A

body of plants that lacks true stem, root, leaves

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5
Q

rhizoids

A

roots that anchor, doesn’t absorb anything

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6
Q

gemmae

A

body that can hop off hold plants and grow, asexual

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7
Q

sporangium

A

structure in which spores are produced and contained, found on sporophyte

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8
Q

protonema

A

filament stage that develops from spore to leafy gametophyte

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9
Q

elaters

A

twisted structure in spores that aids in spore dispersal

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10
Q

hydroids

A

water conducting cells in moss

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11
Q

leptoids

A

food conducting cells in moss

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12
Q

tracheophytes

A

group of vascular plants with xylem and phloem

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13
Q

epiphytes

A

plants that grows on other plants, doesn’t draw nutrients

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14
Q

sporophyte

A

diploid phase that produces spores

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15
Q

gametophyte

A

haploid phase, produces gametes

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16
Q

seta

A

stalk structure that supports sproangium, capsule of moss

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17
Q

primary growth

A

increase in root length and shoots, occurs at apical meristems

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18
Q

secondary growth

A

increase in girth of stem and roots

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19
Q

vascular cambium

A

meristem that produces wood and secondary phloem

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20
Q

cork cambium

A

produces cork cells, protections

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21
Q

xylem

A

conducts water and nutrients from roots throughout plant

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22
Q

tracheids

A

cells in xylem that helps with support and movement of water

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23
Q

vessels

A

wide cells in xylem, more helpful than tracheids

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24
Q

stele

A

central part of root or stem

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25
Q

microphylls

A

small leaves with single vascular strand

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26
Q

megaphylls

A

large leaves with multiple vascular strands, ferns, flowering plants

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27
Q

homosporous

A

plant that produces single type of spore, m and f gametes

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28
Q

heterosporous

A

two diff types of spores, mega and micro, develops into separate male and female gametophytes

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29
Q

strobilus

A

cone like structure that conatains sporangia

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30
Q

sorus

A

sporangia on underside of fern fronds

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31
Q

pinnae

A

leaflets or segments of fern frond

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32
Q

rachis

A

central stalk of fern

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33
Q

ovule

A

contains female gametophyte, develops into seed post fertilizationa

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34
Q

seed

A

mature ovule, contains embryo

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35
Q

gymnosperm

A

confiers, seed producing plants

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36
Q

determinate growth

A

organism stops growing after reaching a certain stage

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37
Q

indeterminate growth

A

organism grows its whole life

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38
Q

generative cell

A

cell in pollen grain, divides to form two sperm cells

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39
Q

tube cell

A

cell in pollen grain, develops into pollen tube

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40
Q

ginkgo

A

gymnosperm with fan shaped leaves

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41
Q

gnetum

A

gymnosperm with broad leaves

42
Q

cycad

A

gymnosperm, looks like palm tree

43
Q

angiosperm

A

flowering plants with seed enclosed in fruit

44
Q

monocot

A

one seed leaf, multiples of 3

45
Q

dicot

A

two seed leaves, multiples of four/five

46
Q

inflorescence

A

arrangement of flowers on stem

47
Q

sepals

A

outerpart of flower, protects bud

48
Q

calyx

A

collection of sepals

49
Q

corolla

A

all petals

50
Q

stamen

A

male reproductive organs, anther and filament

51
Q

anther

A

stamen that produces and contains pollen

52
Q

filament

A

stamen stalk that supports the anther

53
Q

carpal

A

female reproductive structure, ovary, style sigma

54
Q

pistil

A

one or more carpals

55
Q

stigma

A

top part of pistil that receives pollen

56
Q

style

A

stalk of pistil that connects stigma to ovary

57
Q

ovary

A

swollen base of pistil that contains the ovules

58
Q

perianth

A

non reproductive parts of flower

59
Q

androecium

A

all stamens in flower, male

60
Q

gynoecium

A

all carpels in flower, female

61
Q

raceme

A

flower arrangement, central stem has flowers on short stalks, oldest at bottom

62
Q

umbel

A

all flower grow from common point

63
Q

head

A

flowers are clustered on a single stem

64
Q

catkin

A

flowering spike seen in willows and birches

65
Q

perfect

A

flower with male and female reproductive structures

66
Q

imperfect flower

A

only one reproductive system

67
Q

staminate

A

only male reproductive structure stamen

68
Q

pistillate

A

only female repro. structure

69
Q

monoecious

A

both male and female flowers on same individuals. corn

70
Q

dioecious

A

separate male and female flowers

71
Q

complete flower

A

has all 4 main parts

72
Q

incomplete flower

A

lacks main part

73
Q

connate

A

floral parts fused together, petals to bases

74
Q

adnate

A

floral parts joined to diff. types of parts, stamen to petal

75
Q

superior ovary

A

ovary located above attachment of other flower parts

76
Q

inferior ovary

A

ovary located below attachment of other flower parts

77
Q

hypogynous

A

sepals, petals, stamens attached below the ovary

78
Q

epigynous

A

sepals, petals, stamens attached above the ovary

79
Q

perigynous

A

flowers w cup like structures, surrounds ovary

80
Q

radially symmetrical

A

flowers can be divided symmetrically

81
Q

bilaterally symmetrical

A

flowers can be divided across one plane

82
Q

primary root

A

first root emerges from germinating seed

83
Q

taproot

A

single, thick root with smaller roots (carrot)

84
Q

fibrous root system

A

many thin roots, grass

85
Q

adventitious root

A

roots that arise from unusual locations

86
Q

root cap

A

protective structure at tip of root

87
Q

zone of cell division

A

region in root where new cells are produced by mitosis

88
Q

apical meristem

A

region of undifferentiated cells at at the tip of a plant root, plant grows from top

89
Q

zone of cell elongation

A

area of root where cells increase in size, root growth

90
Q

zone of cell maturation

A

region in root where cells differentiate into special cell types

91
Q

epidermis

A

outerlayer of cells in the root

92
Q

cortex

A

tissue layer between epidermis and endodermis, storage and nutrient transport

93
Q

endodermis

A

innermost layer of the cortex

94
Q

casparian strips

A

waxy structures in endodermis, force water and nutrients to pass thru membranes

95
Q

pericycle

A

layer of cells inside endodermis, contributes to vascular cambium formation

96
Q

vascular cylinder

A

central part of root

97
Q

pneumatophores

A

aerial roots that help with gas exchange in swamp

98
Q

node

A

where leaves and branches originate

99
Q

internode

A

section between two nodes

100
Q

cork cambium

A

meristem that produces out layer of bark

plant survey (2 decks)

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