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crossing borders > test 2 > Flashcards

test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

cultural identity: cultural elements

A

traditions, language, religion, ancestry, aesthetics, social norms, and values all contribute to cultural identity

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2
Q

cultural identity

A

as an individual you belong to a culture

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3
Q

cultural identity: internalization

A

we learn and internalize these cultural elements, often subconsciously, shaping our beliefs and behaviors

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4
Q

cultural identity: group affiliation

A

cultural identity connects us to a group, providing a sense of belonging and shared experiences

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5
Q

key characteristics: cultural identity

A
  • Dynamic and evolving: Cultural identity is not static. It can change throughout life as
    we encounter new cultures and experiences
  • Multifaceted: We can hold multiple cultural identities simultaneously, influenced by
    ethnicity, nationality, religion, social class, etc.
  • Constructed and contested: Cultural identity is not always fixed. Individuals may
    choose to identify with certain aspects of a culture and reject others.
  • Influences worldview: Our cultural background shapes how we see and interact with
    the world
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6
Q

definition representation

A

Chris Barker: representation refers to how the
world is socially constructed and represented to
and by us

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7
Q

2 viewpoints representation

A

essentialist approach
social constructionism

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8
Q

essentialist approach

A

things have an inherent
and unchanging nature
-> when viewers watch something they will get the meaning by just watching it

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8
Q

social constructionism

A

meaning of things,
subjects, or concepts depend on their temporal
and spatial context
-> when viewers watch something they will interpret that representation based on the society or culture or community they live in
(example: people now look different at ‘i love lucy’ than in the 50s)

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8
Q

cultural studies approach

A

culture gives meaning to the social
(lgbt people look different at lgbt content than straight people)

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8
Q

media can participate in social change through

A
  • providing different repertoires (putting new ideas in show, black president in 24)
  • a pluralist representation (full black cast, diverse cast, a lgbt person in cast, …)
  • questioning normative practices (voorbeeld, natalia astrid geen geld show = poverty porn)
  • cultural resistance (its important to know how the public will react)
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9
Q

the proces of representation

A
  • who makes the representation (ideology, production)
  • who is represented and how (text)
  • how is representation understood (audience)
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9
Q

impact on representation on politics

A

the same person could have a whole different representation in a right wing news item than a left wing news item. Some ideas and beliefs are legitimized and ‘made real’ through their media representations

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9
Q

media representation: 4 elements

A

the portrayal of cultures
power dynamics
stereotypes vs nuance
cultural identity

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9
Q

portrayal of cultures

A

media shapes how we see different cultures. It portrays their traditions, values, beliefs, and social structures

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9
Q

power dynamics:

A

representation is not neutral. Media outlets, often concentrated in powerful nations, can influence how cultures are perceived globally

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10
Q

stereotypes vs nuance:

A

media can perpetuate stereotypes or offer nuanced portrayals that challenge assumptions

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10
Q

cultural identity:

A

media representation can influence how cultures see themselves and each other. It can contribute to cultural pride or feelings of marginalizations

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10
Q

most media content = hegemonic (?)

A

dominant ideas and beliefs reinforced or legitimised in representations

10
Q

movie 24

A

featured a black president and a woman president after a few seasons of white president: had an impact, people were more prepared for obama and hillary clinton

11
Q

tokenism and burden of representation

A

putting lgbt or black person in show just to claim that you are diverse, the character then often suffers of stereotypes/discrimination

the practice of making only a perfunctory or symbolic effort to do a particular thing, especially by recruiting a small number of people from under-represented groups in order to give the appearance of sexual or racial equality within a workforce.
“the use of gay supporting characters is mere tokenism”

12
Q

whitewashing

A

white actors playing ethnic roles, a casting practice in the film industry
in which white actors are cast in non-white roles

13
Q

Cultural appropriation

A

occurs when cultural
imagery and materials (ex: ways of dress, music) are
removed from their cultural context and used in ways
they were never intended

14
Q

representation matters: global exchange

A

in today’s interconnected world, media shapes how cultures interact and influence each other (we all have an idea of what new york looks like or tokyo even if we never been there)

15
Q

representation matters: crossing borders

A

accurate representation fosters intercultural understanding and empathy

16
Q

representation matters: challenging dominance

A

it can challenge the dominance of certain cultures in media narratives, giving voice to underrepresented groups

17
Q

representation matters: impact on identity

A

seeing positive portrayals in media can empower individuals and communities to embrace their cultural heritage

18
Q

stereotypes definition

A

A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person
or thing.
* A fixed general image or set of characteristics that a lot of people believe represent a
particular type of person or thing.
* A stereotype is a specific belief or assumption (thoughts) about individuals based
solely on their membership in a group, regardless of their individual characteristics.
* A generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that
people might have about every person of a particular group (with regards to their
group’s personality, preferences, appearance or ability). Stereotypes are often
overgeneralized, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. A stereotype does not
necessarily need to be a negative assumption.

19
Q

stereotype: source of humour

A

Stereotypes are often used as a source of humour because they
present easily recognisable characters and character traits. They provide a shorthand
way of presenting characters, making them an efficient tool in the hands of comedians

20
Q

stereotype: relatability

A

Stereotypes can make the content more relatable to the audience.
People often find humour in situations and characters that they can identify with, and
stereotypes provide a quick and easy way for audiences to understand and relate to
characters

21
Q

stereotype: critique and commentary

A

Stereotypes in humour and sitcoms can also serve as a
form of social critique or commentary. By exaggerating stereotypes, sitcoms can
highlight the absurdity of certain societal norms and expectations.

22
Q

intersectionality

A

overlapping or intersecting social identities and related systems of oppression, domination, or discrimination

23
Q

change in characters right now in comparison to the past

A

character are much more layered, detailed and multiple identities
(only sitcoms are different because in comedies characters should be understood fast and simpler)

24
Q

eurovision organised by

A

EBU (European broadcasting union) in 1956

25
Q

eurovision network use:

A

for the exchange and production of common television programmes,
in order to cost-effectively increase the programming material for national broadcasting organisations (in 1954)

26
Q

eurovision inspired by

A

Italian festival di sanremo (RAI)

27
Q

cultural elements in ESC

A
  • international music competition
  • song entries: language, music, costumes, dance, and visual elements can contribute to cultural representation (of that country)
  • representation of the host country (stage design and visuals, opening or interval act, postcards, hosts) + tourism revenues
28
Q

rules of ESC

A

ban lyrics, speeches, gestures of a political or similar nature

29
Q

the impact of societal events on ESC

A

end of cold war, brexit, war in ukraine, …

30
Q

the ESC as an arena of…

A

soft power, show your country’s power in terms of economic or cultural aspects
(for example: south korea having big influence by soft power because of increasing interest in cultural elements like kdramas/kpop)

31
Q

bloc voting

A

certain countries vote more for their neighbouring countries

32
Q

other versions of eurovision

A

eurovision young musicians, eurovision young dancer, junior ESC, eurovision choir

33
Q

attempts outside of europe of eurovision

A

eurovision asia song contest, american song contest, eurovision song contest canada, eurovision latin america

34
Q

company owning rights of eurovision

A

voxovation

35
Q

why did eurovision asia fail

A
  • the original motivation isnt there (post war)
  • too geo-politically difficult (chinese law prohibits the broadcast or streaming of south korean content)
  • issues with time zones and language barriers
  • lack of overseeing organisation such as the EBU
36
Q

why did american song contest fail

A
  • entries were selected by states, rather than states picking them
  • different states is not the same as countries in terms of culture
  • treated more like a talent show rather than a contest
  • lack of buildup and marketing
  • idea of repeating the same song was a weird concept to americans
  • scheduling bad, right against american idol
  • songs did not do well in the charts

crossing borders (2 decks)

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