Test 2 Flashcards
What occurs when a double bond is formed?
The pi bond has been broken and a sigma bond is formed
What is happens to the energy when a bond is broken and when a bond is formed?
Breaking a bond causes and increase in the energy
Creating a new bond causes a decrease in the energy
What is indicated when the reaction of a heat diagram occurs in one step.
meaning that bond breaking in reactants and bond forming in products occur simultaneously.
What is the “heat of reaction” in a heat diagram
The difference in energy between the reactants and products
What is described by an exothermic reaction
the energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, heat is released
What is described by an endothermic reaction
When the energy of the products is higher than that of the reactants, heat is absorbed
What is the transition state in the heat diagram
is the point on the reaction coordinate at which the energy is at a maximum
True or False.
A hydrogen atom exists by itself in an aqueous solution.
False.
It will combine with an H2O molecule to form H3O
What is a nucleophile
high‐electron‐density regions of molecules or ions react with low‐electron‐density regions of other molecules or ions, often resulting in the formation of a new covalent bond
What is an electrophile
a low‐electron‐density species meaning that it seeks a region of high electron density
What is a regioselective reaction
a reaction in which one direction of bond forming or breaking occurs in preference to all other directions
What is s Markovnikov’s rule
in the addition of HXto an alkene, hydrogen adds to the doubly bonded carbon that has the greater number of hydrogens already bonded to it.
