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American Government & Politics > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Australian Ballot

A

Uniform ballot cast in secret

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2
Q

Ideology

A

Consistent ideas about how government ought to govern on a variety of issues (conservative, liberal, etc.)

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3
Q

Progressives

A

Republican Party faction of the 1890s to the 1910s, comprising reformers who opposed patronage

Progressives were interested in establishing a more transparent and accountable government which would work to improve U.S. society. These reformers favored such policies as civil service reform, food safety laws, and increased political rights for women and U.S. workers.

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4
Q

Political Machine

A

Party organization that recruits members with money, jobs, and favors

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5
Q

Caucus

A

Closed party meeting to choose a candidate or discuss legislation, any voting is for party members only and is not secret

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6
Q

Bundling

A

Delivering stack of individual checks to hide the influence of a PAC

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7
Q

Express Advocacy

A

Ad says vote for/against someone

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8
Q

Issue Advocacy

A

Ad supporting only an issue

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9
Q

Propoganda

A

Advertising to sell a product, person, or idea

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10
Q

Independent Expenditure-Only Committees (Super PACs)

A

A group that raises and spends unlimited amounts of money from corporations, unions, and individuals but cannot coordinate its activities with campaigns in any way

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11
Q

PACs

A

A group that pools contributions of individual members to support political candidates

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12
Q

Straight Ticket

A

Voting for the same party for every position

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13
Q

Split Ticket

A

Voting for different parties for different positions

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14
Q

Poll Tax

A

A requirement that citizens pay a tax in order to register to vote; Became illegal with the 24th amendment

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15
Q

Literacy Test

A

A requirement that citizens show that they can read before registering to vote; White people were able to get around this using the grandfather clause

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16
Q

White Primary

A

The practice of keeping Black people from voting in the southern states’ primaries through arbitrary use of registration requirements and intimidation

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17
Q

Spin

A

Explaining an event in a favorable way toward one’s side

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18
Q

Bias

A

Exhibiting a preference or prejudice, either for or against something; Does not mean inacurate

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19
Q

Open Primary

A

Anyone may participate

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20
Q

Closed Primary

A

Allows only party members

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21
Q

Sensationalism

A

News selected to achieve an intense emotional reaction

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22
Q

Blog

A

World wide web log, political commentary written by bloggers

23
Q

Wire Service

A

A news agency that supplies syndicated news by wire to newspapers, radio, and television stations

24
Q

Majority

A

More than 1/2

25
Q

Plurality

A

The most

26
Q

Off the Record

A

Cannot print what was said

27
Q

On the Record

A

Name used

28
Q

On Background

A

No name used

29
Q

On Deep Background

A

No name used and cannot say how you got the information

30
Q

What were causes of voter fraud in US history?

A

No privacy
Vote buying
Double voting

31
Q

What advantages do political parties provide?

A

Serves as a brand name
An organization that provides money and volunteers

32
Q

Party logos

A

Republican - Elephant, GOP
Democrat - Donkey

33
Q

Roles of the media

A

Prioritizing news stories
Measuring public opinion
Interpreting events
Investigating wrongdoing

34
Q

Liberals

A

Issue Area & Role of Government:

Managing the economy - Influence needed
Lifestyle choices - Little to no role

35
Q

Conservatives

A

Issue Area & Role of Government:

Managing the economy - Little to no role
Lifestyle choices - Influence needed

36
Q

Libertarians

A

Issue Area & Role of Government:

Managing the economy - Little to no role
Lifestyle choices - Little to no role

37
Q

Populists

A

Issue Area & Role of Government:

Managing the economy - Influence needed
Lifestyle choices - Influence needed

38
Q

Left Politics

A

Liberals, Communists

In politics, the word left is applied to people and groups that have liberal views. That generally means they support progressive reforms, especially those seeking greater social and economic equality

39
Q

Right Politics

A

Conservatives, Fascists

In politics, the word right refers to people or groups that have conservative views. That generally means they are disposed to preserving existing conditions and institutions. Or, they want to restore traditional ones and limit change

40
Q

What are the goals and strategies of interest group lobbying?

A

Interest groups provide information and money in an attempt to influence public officials

For interest groups, the information is especially useful, as the politicians use it to make political decisions in areas where they are uninformed

41
Q

What are some examples of important interest groups?

A

Economic
Business: US Chamber of Commerce
Labor: AFL - CIO, Teamsters
Agriculture: The Grange
Special Interest: NAACP, NRA, AARP (the most powerful), ACLU, NOW, Green Peace, AAA
Professional: AMA, ADA, ABA, NEA

42
Q

Why is voter turnout in the US lower than in other democracies?

A

Elections are too frequent
Too many positions to vote for
No compulsory voting laws

43
Q

Why minor parties do poorly in the type of elections conducted in the U.S.?

A

Minor parties lack party advantages

The Democrat / Republican parties serve as a brand name for politicians and provide and organization that provides money and volunteers

44
Q

What are the laws regulating campaign financing?

A

Individuals:
limited in how much they can give to candidates, national parties, and PACs

PACs:
limited in how much they can give to candidates, national parties, and PACs

Candidates:
No limit on how much they can spend on their own campaign

45
Q

Buckley v. Valeo

A

Candidates and citizens cannot be limited in what they spend on expressing their views (money = free speech)

Contributors, however, are limited because gifts can be regulated

46
Q

Presidential Campaign Fund

A

Comes from taxpayer money, cannot spend any more than what is provided

Obama was the first to turn it down and raise his own money; no one has taken it since

47
Q

What were the qualifications for voting in 1789?

A

White
Male
Age 21
Property owner (tax payer)

48
Q

What is the history of suffrage (the right to vote)?

A

1789 requirements: white, male, age 21, property owner

15th amendment (1870) : allows any race to vote
(Ways around it: white primary, poll taxes, literacy test)

19th amendment (1920): allows women to vote

26th amendment (1971): allows 18 year olds to vote

49
Q

The Green Party

A

Anti business, pro-union
Environmental platform, commitment to ecology
Pollution tax on businesses
Universal healthcare and childcare
Reallocation of military funds to social services

50
Q

The Socialist Party

A

Anti-war
Non-violent resistance
Unilateral nuclear disarmament
Propose a maximum wage as well as a minimum
Operate within a multi-party democracy

51
Q

The Libertarian Party

A

Individual freedom first, society second
Legalize all drugs
Repeal gun control laws
No income tax / IRS
Cancel mutual defense treaties
No military bases overseas
Privatize social security
No limits to how much money people can contribute to politicians

52
Q

The Constitution Party

A

Opposed to the separation of church and state
No abortion in any case
Bring troops home from foreign countries
Pull out of NATO alliance
Eliminate IRS
Fund the military with tariffs on foreign goods

53
Q

The Natural Law Party

A

Meditation programs in prisons
Opposed to nuclear power
Against GMOs
More restrained foreign policy

54
Q

The Reform Party

A

Campaign finance reform
Same day voter registration
No abortion, immigration, or homosexuality
Term limits for congress
Reduce debt - create a balanced budget
More tariffs

American Government & Politics (4 decks)

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