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Tropical > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is DH for Eimeria tenella and where is it located?

A

Domestic Chickens

located in Cecum and large intestine.

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2
Q

What is IH for Eimeria tenella?

A

None

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3
Q

What is the Geographic Distribution for Eimeria tenella?

A

Cosmopolitan

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4
Q

What is the Mode of Transmission for Eimeria tenella?

A

Oocyst ingested in contaminated food or water.( a direct, but complex fecal-oral life cycle)

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5
Q

What is the Pathology of Eimeria tenella?

A

Pathology:Causes Coccidiosis
- Invades cell lining in cecum and large intestine
- If survive person is immune
Diagnosis: Oocyst in fecal float

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6
Q

What is DH for Cryptosporidium parvum?

A

Humans and most mammals

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7
Q

What is IH for Cryptosporidium parvum?

A

None

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8
Q

What is the Geographic distribution for Cryptosporidium parvum?

A

Cosmopolitan

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9
Q

What is the mode of transportation for Cryptosporidium parvum?

A

Ingestion of oocysts in contaminated water, food less frequently

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10
Q

Where in DH is Cryptosporidium parvum located?

A

Invades cells lining the small intestines, particularly the ileum

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11
Q

What is the pathology for Cryptosporidium parvum?

A
  • Invades and lyses intestinal epithelium cells
  • symptoms: Cryptosporidiosis- severe watery diarrhea, abdominal cramping, and weight loss
  • in young and elderly, infections last longer and are more severe
  • Most severe and deadly in Aids patients
  • diagnosis- Oocyst in fecal float
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12
Q

What is the DH for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Cats of many species

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13
Q

What is the IH for Toxoplasma gondii

A

Domestic and wild animals - anything a cat would eat

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14
Q

What is the geographic distribution for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Cosmopolitan

13% worldwide, 50% in U.S.

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15
Q

What is the mode of transportation for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Cat ingest infected host or oocyst

- Humans accidentally ingest oocyst from feces or eat undercooked meat

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16
Q

Where in the DH is Toxoplasma gondii located?

A

Mostly intestinal in cats

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17
Q

What is the Pathology for Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Usually asymptomatic in cats and humans
-Acute Toxopasmosis- Fever, headaches, usually stopped by immune system.

  • Sabacute Toxoplasmosis- Occures when immunity develops slowly, Destroys liver, heart,brain and eyes
  • Chronic Toxoplasmosis - Cyst forms after immunity established, when immune system is weak break out and cause relapses of symptoms
  • Congenital Toxoplasmosis- Stay away from cats if pregnant or trying to get pregnant, one of leading cause of spontaneous abortion
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18
Q

What is DH for Sarcocystis spp?

A

Carnivores, including dogs and humans (rare)

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19
Q

What is IH for Sarcocystis spp?

A

Herbivores, include cattle and duck

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20
Q

what is geographic distribution for Sarcocystis spp?

A

Cosmopolitan

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21
Q

What is the Mode of transportation for Sarcocystis spp?

A

DH ingests of muscle with sarcocyst; IH ingests oocysts in environment.

22
Q

What is Pathology for Sarcocystis spp?

A

Very similar to food poisoning (intestinal form) could invade organs

23
Q

What is DH for Plasmodium vivax?

A

Anopheles mosquito

24
Q

What is IH for Plasmodium vivax?

A

Humans and other primates

25
Q

What is geographic distribution for Plasmodium vivax?

A

Most common in temperate regions.

26
Q

What is mode of transportation for Plasmodium vivax?

A

Injected with bite of mosquito

27
Q

Where in the IH is Plasmodium vivax located?

A

Lever and red blood cells

28
Q

What is Pathology of Plasmodium vivax?

A
  • Schizonts rupture cells in liver and RBC’s
  • Invades youn RBC’s
  • Fever and chills occur in 48-hour cycles
  • Relaps can occur up to 8 years later
  • Diagnosis is blood smear; RBC’s have Shuffner’s Dots and are larger than normal
29
Q

What is DH in Plasmodium falciparum?

A

Anopheles mosquito

30
Q

What is IH of Plasmodium falciparum?

A

Humans

31
Q

What is geographic distribution of Plasmodium falciparum?

A

Cosmopolitan but more common in tropics and subtropics

32
Q

What is Mode of transportation for Plasmodium falciparum?

A

Injected during the bite of the mosquito

33
Q

Where in the IH is Plasmodium falciparum located?

A

Liver and red blood cells

34
Q

What is the Pathology of Plasmodium falciparum?

A

Schizonts rupture cells in liver and RBC’s
Symptoms: Cause malignant tertian malaria
-fever and chills occur in 48-hour cycles
-no true relapses but can go into remission 1-3 years later
Diagnosis- Difficult because infected RBC cluster up and are not seen in circulating blood

35
Q

What is DH for Plasmodium malariae?

A

Anopheles mosquito

36
Q

What is IH for Plasmodium malariae?

A

Humans, other primates

37
Q

What is geographical distribution for Plasmodium malariae?

A

Very patchy, unknown

  • Tropical Africa, Myanmar, India, Sri Lanka, Malaya, Java, New Guinea, Guadeloupe, Guyana, Brazil, Panama.
  • Eradicated from U.S.
38
Q

What is Mode of Transportation for Plasmodium malariae?

A

Injected during the bite of the mosquito

39
Q

Where in the IH in Plasmodium malariae located?

A

Liver and red blood cells

40
Q

What is Pathology of Plasmodium malariae?

A

Schizonts rupture cells in liver and RBCs
Symptoms: causes quartan malaria
-Fever and chills occur in 72-hour cycles

41
Q

What is DH for Plasmodium ovale?

A

Anopheles mosquito

42
Q

What is IH for Plasmodium ovale?

A

Humans

43
Q

What is geographic distribution for What is DH for Plasmodium ovale?

A

Mainly tropics, also Old and New World

44
Q

What is mode of transportaion for What is DH for Plasmodium ovale?

A

Injected during the bite of the mosquito

45
Q

Where in the IH is Plasmodium ovale located?

A

Liver and red blood cells

46
Q

What is the pathology for Plasmodium ovale?

A

Schizonts rupture cells in liver and RBC’s

Symptoms: Causes mild tertian malaria

Diagnosis is blood smear; RBC’s have Shuffner’s Dots and are larger than normal

47
Q

What is the DH for Babesia bigemina?

A

Boophilus spp. ticks

48
Q

What is IH for Babesia bigemina?

A

Cattle, deer, water buffalo, zebu

49
Q

What is geographic distribution for Babesia bigemina?

A

In U.S., was common in Texas. Also found in cattle producing areas of South America and Africa

50
Q

Where in the IH in Babesia bigemina located?

A

RBC’s only

- no exoerythrocytic stages

51
Q

What is Pathology of Babesia bigemina?

A

Severe anemia

  • parasite divides rapidly and repeatedly until shut down by immune system or kills host
  • Symptoms: Babesiosis or Texas red-water fever

Tropical (2 decks)

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