Test 2 Flashcards
- Infective endocarditis causes
• Needle use (tattoo, piercing,medical use)
• Dental visit (need good dental care)
• Pacemaker
• Strep throat/Seth (infectious endocarditis)
- Infective endocarditis manifestation
- Splinter Hemorrhage (finger nails)
• Osler’s Nodes (hands)
• Roth Spots (eye)
• Janeway lesion
- Infective endocarditis complications
- Stroke / PE
• Enlarged Spleen Spleenmeglay
- Infective endocarditis client education for home care
• Monitor infection
• Good oral care ( brush 2x a day, no flossing), dental visit
• Let all provider know of hx of endocarditis (pxx antibiotics)
• Central line care (sterile technique)
• Complete antibiotics treatment
- Infective endocarditis diagnostic test
• Cultures
• Echo
• CBC
• Sed rate
- DVT preventions
• ROM & passive motion
• Increase fluids
• Compression Socks
- DVT Manifestations
• Sudden SOB
• Chest pain/discomfort that worsens when taking a deep breath or when you cough
• Feeling lightheaded or dizzy
• Fainting
• Rapid breathing
• Coughing up blood
- rapid pulse
- DVT complications
• PE
- Paradoxical BP expectations
• 10mm decreases in systolic pressure
- Know normal PT value.
10-12 seconds or 11-12.5
1.5 - 2.0 x the normal value (on heparin therapy)
2-3 for INR
- Rheumatic fever and rheumatic carditis pt. education
History of this ^
• Inform all your providers (given prophylactic antibiotics)
• Any types of surgery, make sure a good sterile technique to decrease the risk for bacteria (good hand washing)
• Bed Rest
- Myocarditis nursing interventions
• Treat the underlying cause and prevent complications
• Antibiotics are prescribed
• Bed Rest
• Sodium restricted diet
• Cardio tonic drugs (diuretic, beta blockers, ace inhibitors, and ARBs)to prevent or treat HF
• Corticosteroids (used to treat viral myocarditis)
- Pericarditis manifestations
Manifestations
-mid chest pain increase with movement
• Friction rub (grating, harsh sounding) and Fever
• Radiating subaternal pain to left shoulder, neck, back
• Chest pain “stabbing” (increase with movement)very painful
• Trouble breathing lying down
• Inspiration or coughing causes pain
• Overall feeling sick & weak
• Noticeable ST segment elevation
- Pericarditis complication
• Percardial effusion is extra fluid it can lead to cardiac tamponade
(Pericardial Effusion often after trauma too much fluid in sac)
- Cardiac catheter education PRE
• NPO 8 hours or more
• Assess allergies to iodine or shellfish
• Assess kidney function (Creatine and BUN)
• Assess and mark their distal pulses (dorsal pedal, posterior tibal)
- Cardiac catheter education POST
• Check the insertion site in the femoral artery for bleeding
• Check distal to the insertion site(pulse, capillary refill, color, and temperature) for good blood flow
• Vital Signs every 15 minutes for the first hour(4x) then after every 1 hour for 4 hours
• Increase intake of fluid (to flush out the dye)
• Lay flat 4-6 hours
• Report any pain, tingling or numbness in the insertion site
- Transthoracic echocardiography education
• Explain is NON invasive and can take up to 1 hours
• Instruct the client to lie supine and remain still and migh be asked to turn on their left side or hold their breath
- Cardiomyopathy nursing interventions
• High flowers
- Cardiomyopathy client education
• Achieve a healthy weight limiting sodium to reduce fluid retention, and avoiding beverages containing caffeine, which contributes to tachycardia.
• Stop using tobacco
• Stay within your level of exercise tolerance or stop activity immediately if dyspnea or chest pain develops.
• Restrict driving or operating equipment if syncope is a common symptom.
• Keep appointments for medical follow-up to evaluate
• Receive the pneumonia vaccine and yearly influenza vaccinations
• For female clients, seek co-consultation with a cardiologist and an obstetrician if pregnancy is desired.
- Cardiomyopathy assessment
• Ask if any family died unexpectedly
- Buerger’s disease nursing interventions
• Smoking History and review of symptoms and how long they have been present
• History the client description of the type and degree of pain and factors that increases or decrease it
• Assess affected areas (for redness, swelling, color changes like cyanosis or mottling)
• Inspect the nails and skin for changes
• Assess temperature (Above and below affected areas)
• Monitor presence and quality of peripheral pulses
• Assess capillary refill
• Meticulous ound care if ulcer present
- Buerger’s disease client education
• The nurse teaches the client self-care techniques and stresses the importance of SMOKING CESSATION
- Clients at risk for effusion
• Pericarditis
- Cardiac tamponade manifestations
Too much fluids fills around heart “pericardial sac”
• Pulses paradoxus (during inspiration pharse there us a >10mmhg drop in systolic BP)
• JVD with clear lungs
• Heart sounds muffles (bluidup if fluid in the heart)
• Tachycardia and Hypotension
