Test 2 Flashcards
Belief that children become less egocentric at an earlier age than Piaget believed- children as young as 4 could understand situations situations from multiple points of view by using dolls
Why Piaget’s theory is disagreed upon
Cognitive development between 2 an 6 by Piaget. Time of language development, role playing
Preoperational intelligence
The idea that children attempt to explain everything they see and hear by constructing theories is
Theory-theory
Early childhood is a sensitive period for language learning
True
By 6 avg child weighs and is how tall
40 and 50 pounds and at least 42 inches tall
Child’s insistence on routine peaks by age
3
Brains weighs what percent if what it will weigh in adulthood by age 6
90%
Most people use both hemispheres of the brain for all cognitive functions
True
Perseveration is opposite of
Impulsiveness
Environmental hazards like pollution interfere with development of
Motor skills
Laws limiting the number of baby aspirins per container is example of
Primary prevention
Decreasing financial instability
Would be a primary prevention measure to reduce child abuse
Feelings of dislike or even hatred for another person
Antipathy
Feelings and actions that are deliberately hurtful or destructive to another person
Antisocial behavior
Chid rearing- high behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct and little communication
Authoritarian parenting
Difficulty w emotional regulation , turn emotional distress inward, feeling excessively guilty, ashamed, or worthless
Internalizing problems
Behavior that hurts someone else bc the aggressor wants to get or keep a possession or privilege
Instrumental aggression
Eriksons 3rd psychosocial crisis, in which children undertake new skills and feel guilty when they don’t succeed at them
Initiative vs. guilt
An attempt to defend one’s self concept by taking on the behaviors and attitudes of someone else
Identification
Cognitive concept or general belief based on one’s experiences - child’s understanding of sex differences
Gender schema
Differences in the roles and behaviors of males and females that are prescribed by the culture
Gender differences
Difficulty w emotional regulation- expressing powerful feelings through uncontrolled physical or verbal outburst
Externalizing problems
Unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially on victims unlikely to defend themselves
Bullying aggression
Actions, like immediate/effective medical treatment, taken after an adverse event occurs (like illness or injury) and that are aimed at reducing the harm or preventing disability
Tertiary prevention
Harm or endangerment that has been reported, investigated, and verified
Substantiated maltreatment
Action that avert harm in high risk situation such as stopping a car before it hits a pedestrian
Secondary prevention
Harm or endangerment where someone has notified authorities
Reported maltreatment
Actions that change overall background conditions to prevent some unwanted event or circumstance such as injury disease or abuse
Primary prevention
The tendency to persevere in, or stick to, one thought or action for a long time
Perseveration
Form of foster care where relative of maltreated child like grandparent becomes approved caregiver
Kinship care
Brain area that responds to amygdala and hippocampus to produce hormones that activate other parts of brain and body
Hypothalamus
Brain structure that is central processor for memory, especially for location memory
Hippocampus
Failure to meet child’s basic needs
Child neglect
Intentional harm to or avoidable endangerment of anyone under 18
Child maltreatment
Deliberate action harmful to child’s physical, emotional, sexual well being
Child abuse
Tiny brain structure that registers emotions, particularly fear and anxiety
Amygdala
In sociocultural theory, area or zone where learner is close to acquiring but cannot yet master without help
Zone of proximal development
Idea that children attempted explain everything they see and hear by constructing theories
Theory-theory
Characteristic of preoperational thought where a young person thinks that nothing changes.
Static reasoning
Human interactions that expand and advance understanding , often by explaining w words
Social mediation
Temporary support that is tailored to a learners’s needs and abilities and aimed at helping the learner master the next task in a given learning process
Scaffolding
Internal dialogue when people talk to themselves , silently or out loud
Private speech
Cognitive development ages 2-6, includes language and imagination and symbolic though but NOT logical operational thinking
Preoperational intelligence
Characteristic of preoperational thought where young child thinks nothing can be undone
Irreversibility
Characteristic of preoperational thought where child ignores all attributes that aren’t apparent - focus on appearance
Characteristic of preoperational thought where child focuses on one idea, excluding all others- centration
Belief that natural objects and phenomena are alive
Animism
