Test 2

Question 1

What is metabolism

Answer 1

chemical reactions, pathways that result in the synthesis or breakdown of molecules

Question 2

What does bioenergetics mean?

Answer 2

Metabolic processes involved in converting food sources into biologically usable energy

Question 3

How can we use exercise as a bioenergetics model?

Answer 3

When we exercise all of the systemic changes we see happen because of muscle demand to increase force/speed of muscle contraction
- rate of cross bridge cycling
- recruitment of motor units
- recruitment of different fiber types

Respiratory changes: increased ventilation - rate and depth of breathing
Cardiovascular changes: increased Q - increased HR, SV, and vasodilation to working muscles
Muscle changes: increase calcium release/uptake by SR, increased myoglobin shuttling, increased in rate of energy system pathway

Question 4

What are the two potential fates of pyruvate?

Answer 4

If oxygen is available: goes into the mitochondria and is converted into the acetyl unit of acetyl CoA
(this is converted into lactate via lactate dehydrogenase)

If oxygen is limited: converted into lactic acid (lactate)

Question 5

Aerobic systems
General information

Answer 5

• takes place in the mitochondria as well as the cytosol
  -involves glycolysis, kerbs cycle, & electron transport chain (slow system, not as much ATP per unit time as anaerobic systems)
  -can use a variety of substrates (lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, not just limited to glucose)
  -Slowest method of producing ATP, but essentially an unlimited supply

Lowest power, highest capacity