test 2 Flashcards
two types of correlation
- positve
- negative
positive correlation
a relationship between two variables in which both rise and fall together
negative correlation
a relationship between two variables in which an increase in one variable is associated with a decrease in the other.
benefits of correlation
- you can see relationship strength
- useful for uncovering new relationship
- taboo subject
- real life study
5 lots of data
negative of correlation
- not equal causation
- 3rd variable is true causes (gateway drugs)
- you cant random assign them, you’re stuck with them
the single case design
one person or one group you are testing
two purposes of single case design
- describe the person
- predict there behavior
ABA drawbacks
can be repetitive
ABC drawbacks
two different intervention
B- high dose
c- low dose
multiple baselines design
analyzes the effects of an independent variable across multiple behaviors/settings/participants (dependent variable) without having to withdraw the treatment.
changing criteria design
- consider # of phases, and length of phases, and know when to stop
problem with drawback changing criteria design
- how do you know when it is completed?
- too good- rapid changes
Quasi-experiment
half experiment
to become a true experiment quasi would have to
- have control
- randomaztion
How to make quasi-experiment better?
- use different test
- use the same standard forms
experiment are
- true gold standard of research
- tell us why
- the control tells us the cause + effect
- independent ( manipulate) and dependent (measure)
pre/post effect
ppl get better
attribution effect
ppl drop , die, or lose them
regression to the mean
more testing, close to the mean
instrumentation effect
they can get used to the testing b/c they did it for so long
history effect
events that happen in the environment that change the conditions of a study, affecting its outcome.
Iv sometimes does not work because
- you pick the wrong variable
- It wasn’t enough manipulation
DV we have restriction of range(certain limits)
- ceiling effect
- floor effect
ceiling effect vs floor effect
ceiling effect- maximum score
floor effect- lower score/limit
advantages of experiment in research
- tells you cause + effect
- you can make inferences
- control
- long lasting
Disadvantages in experiment
- time-consuming
- they are expensive
- might not work
between subject
compare two separate groups
within-subject
compare two same groups twice
