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PARASITOLOGY > TEST 2 > Flashcards

TEST 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what subclass include Order coccidia and order hemosporida

A

telosporida

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2
Q

what does order hemosporida attack

A

blood

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3
Q

how long is the erythrocytic cycle of plasmodium vivax

A

48 hrs

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4
Q

how long is the erythrocytic cycle of plasmodium malaria

A

72 hrs

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5
Q

how long is the erythrocytic cycle of plasmodium faraciparum

A

24 hrs

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6
Q

how long is the erythrocytic cycle of plasmodium ovalae

A

48 hrs

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7
Q

what % of RBC does plasmodium vivax infect

A

10-20%

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8
Q

what % of RBC does plasmodium malaria infect

A

8-10%

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9
Q

what % of RBC does plasmodium faraciparum infect

A

40%

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10
Q

what % of RBC does plasmodium ovalae infect

A

5-10%

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11
Q

what is the most common plasmodium

A

p. vivax

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12
Q

what is the most dangerous plasmodium

A

p. farciparum

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13
Q

what is the least common plasmodium

A

p. ovalae

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14
Q

is plasmodium transferred by females or males

A

females

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15
Q

what route does plasmodium take

A

anterior route station

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16
Q

def? salivary gland of mosquito

A

sporozoite

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17
Q

where does the sporozoite of plasmodium go after blood

A

liver cells

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18
Q

how does the cytoplasm of plasmodium divide

A

multiple fission- asexual

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19
Q

when the RBC breaks (plasmodium) and toxin are release what happens to the person

A

fever

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20
Q

what kind of reproduction does plasmodium vivax do in insects

A

sexual

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21
Q

what is the waste material called in plasmodium vivax

A

hemosin/hematin

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22
Q

what kind of gametocyte does plasmodium farciparum have

A

present gametocyte

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23
Q

what are the dot called seen in infected cell of plasmodium malaria

A

ziemann’s ducts

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24
Q

what are the dot called seen in infected cell of plasmodium farciparum

A

maurer’s dots

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25
Q

what are the dot called seen in infected cell of plasmodium ovalae

A

schuffner’s dots

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26
Q

In what phase does plasmodium farciparum increase in #

A

schizont phase

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27
Q

true or false: schizont phase of plasmodium farciparum is not in peripheral blood

A

true

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28
Q

what kind of blood is schizont phase of plasmodium farciparum

A

visceral blood

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29
Q

true or false: there is more than 1 plasmodium farciparum in a RBC

A

true

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30
Q

what is is called when RBC infected with plasmodium farciparum attach together and then attach to capillary walls and block

A

tissue anaxia

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31
Q

what is it called when the blockage breaks and moves to the blood system (plasmodium farciparum)

A

thrombosis

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32
Q

(plasmodium farciparum) what changes to bilirubin which is then exerted to feces

A

hemoglobin

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33
Q

(plasmodium farciparum) what changes to hemocidrin

A

iron from hemoglobin

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34
Q

what organism causes black water fever

A

plasmodium farciparum

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35
Q

disease? hemoglonin in the urine, anemia

A

black water fever

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36
Q

describe the liver of acute plasmodium vivax

A

soft

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37
Q

describe the liver of chronic plasmodium vivax

A

stiff

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38
Q

how long can you live with plasmodium vivax without treatment

A

5-6 years

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39
Q

how long can you live with plasmodium malaria without treatment

A

20 years

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40
Q

how long can you live with plasmodium farciparum without treatment

A

6 mos to 1 year

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41
Q

how long can you live with plasmodium ovalae without treatment

A

1 year

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42
Q

what plasmodium organism has the most CNS involvement

A

plasmodium farciparum

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43
Q

does malaria have a vaccine

A

yes

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44
Q

what shape is isospora hominis

A

coccidia

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45
Q

where is isospora hominis found

A

intestines

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46
Q

what shape is the oocyst (isospora hominis) in the intestines

A

oval shape

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47
Q

in isospora hominis there are 2 sporocyst and each has ___ sporozoite and a total of ___ sporocyst in the 1 oocyst

A

4;8

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48
Q

how do people contract isospora hominis

A

contaminated water or food

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49
Q

where does reproduction happen for isospora hominis

A

human intestines

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50
Q

where is isospora hominis a complete organism

A

feces

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51
Q

how is isospora belli contracted

A

ingestion of oocyst

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52
Q

where does isospora belli develop

A

outside

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53
Q

what organism is small and crescent shaped

A

sarcocystis

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54
Q

why is sarcocystis a sporozoa

A

because the oocyst is found in blood and urine

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55
Q

where is sarcocystis found in humans

A

in muscles hiding in meishner tubes

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56
Q

what is the parasitic relationship of toxoplasma gondii

A

Opportunist

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57
Q

how is toxoplasma gondii contracted

A

feces from cats or eating muscles from pig and cattle

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58
Q

what is the shape of oocyst in toxoplasma gondii

A

rounded

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59
Q

what is the infective agent of toxoplasma gondii

A

sporozoite

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60
Q

where are the oocyst produced of toxoplasma gondii

A

intestines of cat

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61
Q

where does toxoplasma gondii troph develop (animal)

A

humans

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62
Q

what happen if toxoplasma gondii does to the brain

A

hemorrhage –> coma

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63
Q

Symptoms of toxoplasma gondii benign

A

assyptomatic

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64
Q

symptoms of toxoplasma gondii

A

blindness

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65
Q

parasitic relationship of pheumocystic carinii

A

opportunist

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66
Q

what is the shape of pheumocystic carinii

A

oval shape

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67
Q

where is pheumocystic carinii found

A

alveoli

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68
Q

what disease does pneumocystic carinii cause

A

pneumocystis or caring pneumonia

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69
Q

what test is preformed to diagnose pneumocystic carinii

A

thoracic needle aspiration

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70
Q

what is cryptosporidium parvum parasitic relationship

A

opportunist

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71
Q

where does cryptosporidium parvum become a troph

A

intestines

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72
Q

what causes severe diarrhea and abdominal pain (cryptosporidium parvum)

A

troph attaches to epithelial cells

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73
Q

what kind of reproduction does cryptosporidium parvum do in the intestines

A

sexual

asexual

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74
Q

what does cryptosporidium parvum release in the intestines

A

waste

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75
Q

what is the order of babasia

A

haemosporidia

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76
Q

what type of babasia is horses

A

B. equi

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77
Q

what type of babasia is cattle

A

B. bovis

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78
Q

what type of babasia is rodents

A

B. microtic

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79
Q

what type of babasia is humans

A

B. bigemina

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80
Q

how is babasia transferred

A

ticks

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81
Q

what is the shape of babasia

A

pyriform shape

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82
Q

what kind of gametes do babasia have

A

isogametes

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83
Q

what organism has these symptoms: fever, chills, sweating, anemia, bilirubin increase

A

B. bigemina

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84
Q

what class of Platyhelminthes has cilia, free-living, not in humans and animals

A

tubellaria

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85
Q

what class of Platyhelminthes is flukes

A

trematoda

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86
Q

what are the 3 orders of Platyhelminthes

A

monogenia
aspirovastia
digenia

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87
Q

what kind of animals does order monogenia infect

A

lower animals

88
Q

what order of Platyhelminthes has 1 anterior sucker and 1 posterior sucker

A

monogenia

89
Q

what kind of life cycle does order monogenia have

A

simple

90
Q

what kind of animals does order aspirovastia infect

A

lower animals

91
Q

what order of Platyhelminthes has 1 anterior sucker and 1 ventral sucker

A

aspirovastia

92
Q

what system does order aspirovastia go through

A

respiratory.

93
Q

what kind of animals does order digenia infect

A

higher animals

94
Q

what order of Platyhelminthes has 1 oral sucker and 1 ventral sucker

A

digenia

95
Q

what is the host of order digenia

A

snail

96
Q

aka Cestoda

A

tapeworms

97
Q

what are the 3 parts of a tapeworm

A

scolex
neck
trunk

98
Q

what kind of fertilization does class trematoda do

A

cross

self (majority)

99
Q

how many. organisms become pregnant in cross fertilization (class trematoda)

A

2

100
Q

what kind of eggs do intestinal, liver, and lung flukes have

A

opperculated

101
Q

what kind of eggs do blood flukes have

A

not opperculated

102
Q

def? total # of proglottids

A

strobila

103
Q

how many suckers do the majority of class Cestoda have

A

4

104
Q

what sucker in class Cestoda are 2 lateral suckers

A

bothrium

105
Q

what kind of suckers does Diphyllobothrium latum have

A

bothrium

106
Q

what sucker in class Cestoda are 4 suckers

A

cup shaped

107
Q

what kind of suckers does Tania saginata have

A

cup-shaped

108
Q

what sucker in class Cestoda are 4 suckers with hooks/spine

A

rostellum

109
Q

what kind of suckers does taenia sodium have

A

rostellum

110
Q

what is the CNS (brain) in class Cestoda called

A

motorium

111
Q

what does this make up in class Cestoda: 1 dorsal & 1 ventral, lateral nerve cord

A

motorium

112
Q

what kind of proglottid has no genital system, has nephridial and nervous system

A

immature proglotid

113
Q

what kind of pore does the M/F genital system have in Class Cestoda

A

gonopore

114
Q

which proglottid has a uterus with lots of eggs inside (Class Cestoda)

A

gravid

115
Q

what part of the gravid proglottid in Class Cestoda attach to the intestines

A

scolex

116
Q

where are eggs released in Class Cestoda

A

feces

117
Q

what type of gonopore does taenia sagnata have

A

alternating

118
Q

what type of gonopore does taenia solium have

A

alternating

119
Q

what type of gonopore does dipylidium caninum (dog) have

A

Bilateral

120
Q

what type of gonopore does diphyllobothrium Tatum (fish) have

A

central

121
Q

what type of gonopore does hymenolepis nana (dwarf) have

A

one-side

122
Q

what kind of fertilization does class Cestoda do

A

self and cross

123
Q

what is the majority of class Cestoda’s host

A

intermediate host

124
Q

true or false: hymenolepis nana does not need an intermediate host

A

true

125
Q

how do you get hymenolepis nana

A

contaminated food

126
Q

what is the name of taenia saginata’s larva

A

cysticercus

127
Q

aka echinococcus granulosus

A

dog tapeworm

128
Q

what is the finial host of a dog tapeworm

A

dog

129
Q

what is the intermediate host of a dog tapeworm

A

human

130
Q

what kind of eggs does class Cestoda have

A

oncosphere

hexacanth

131
Q

In which host is larva involved

A

intermediate host

132
Q

def? (class Cestoda) tail like structure with hooks

A

cercomer

133
Q

what organism has a cercomer

A

H. nana

134
Q

aka clonorchis sinensis

A

Chinese/ oriental liver flukes

135
Q

what part of the intestine do Chinese liver flukes go in

A

duodenum

jejunum

136
Q

where do Chinese liver flukes attach when they go in the bile duct

A

gall bladder

137
Q

how do people get Chinese liver flukes

A

fish

138
Q

what kind of uterus and testes do Chinese liver flukes, opisthorchis felineus have

A

branched

139
Q

what stage do eggs develop in for Chinese liver flukes

A

miracidium

140
Q

(Chinese liver flukes eggs) feces–> miracidium–> ____ –> sporocyst–> redia I –> cercaria —> ____–> metacercaria

A

snail

fish

141
Q

how many tails do Chinese liver flukes have in cercaria stage

A

monocercaus

142
Q

what percent of people are infected with Chinese liver flukes in N. china

A

1-2%

143
Q

what percent of people are infected with Chinese liver flukes in S. china

A

20-35%

144
Q

when Chinese liver flukes go to bile duct/ pancreatic duct it produces toxic material what does this do

A

causes thickening of bile duct

145
Q

what does thickening of the bile duct cause in Chinese liver flukes

A

maldigestion

146
Q

how to diagnose Chinese liver flukes infection

A

see if eggs in feces are small, opperculated, and have a shoulder

147
Q

what animals have opisthorchis felineus

A

cats
dogs
foxes

148
Q

how do people get opisthorchis felineus

A

eat fish that are involved with infected animals

149
Q

where is opisthorchis felineus found in cats

A

bile duct

150
Q

what is special about opisthorchis felineus egg

A

knob

151
Q

aka fasciola hepatica

A

sheep liver fluke

152
Q

what is special about fasciola hepatica ovary, testes, vitellcuia, intestine

A

branched

153
Q

eggs of fasciola hepatica

A

opperculated but yolk is concentrated

154
Q

(sheep liver fluke eggs) –> feces –> miracelium–> ___ –> sporocyst–> redia–> cercaria–> ____ –> metacercaria

A

snail

vegetation

155
Q

how many tails does sheep liver fluke have at cercaria stage

A

monoceraus

156
Q

where do sheep liver flukes become juvenile

A

duodenum

157
Q

when sheep liver flukes go to bile duct/ hepatic duct it produces toxic material what does this do

A

thickening and then closure

158
Q

what duct causes more problem in sheep liver flukes

A

pancreatic

159
Q

what serology test is ran for sheep liver flukes

A

complement fixation test

fluorescent antibody test

160
Q

true or false: dicrocoelium dendriticum has no radia

A

true

161
Q

what is it called when a bunch of eggs of dicrocoelium dendriticum attach together

A

slime ball

162
Q

what is the intermediate host of dicrocoelium dendriticum

A

common ant (formica fusca)

163
Q

what organism causes thickening of bile duct, liver damage, abdominal pain, maldigestion, vomiting

A

dicrocoelium dendriticum

164
Q

what kind of fluke is paragonimus westermani

A

lung fluke

165
Q

what part of the lung is paragonimus westermani found

A

alveoli

166
Q

what is the capsule of paragonimus westermani called

A

metaplasia

167
Q

(paragonimus westermani eggs): miracelium–> ___–> sporocyst –> redia–> cercaria–> ____–> metacercária

A

snail

crab

168
Q

how many tails does paragonimus westermani have in the cercaria stage

A

monocercous

169
Q

how does paragonimus westermani get to lungs

A

cercaria or metacercaria breaks the intestinal wall and go into body cavity to lungs

170
Q

why does paragonimus westermani go to the lungs

A

need o2

171
Q

what is it called when paragonimus westermani cercaria is outside of lungs

A

ectopic foci

172
Q

how does paragonimus westermani Get around the body

A

systemic cerculation

173
Q

how is paragonimus westermani diagnosed

A

x-ray

174
Q

what serology test is ran with paragonimus westermani

A

CFT

FAT

175
Q

what kind of larvae has no liquid inside

A

solid waste

176
Q

what are the 3 types of solid larvae

A

coracidium
procercoid
pleuroceroid

177
Q

what kind of bladder type larvae do taenia saginata and taenia solium have

A

cysticercus

178
Q

what kind of bladder type larvae do H. nana, d. caninum, Hymenolepis diminuta have

A

cysticercoid

179
Q

what kind of bladder type larvae has hooks, not common, and is very bad

A

coenurus

180
Q

what kind of bladder type larvae is most dangerous, transferred by dogs, E. granulesus

A

hydrated cyst

181
Q

where are dog tapeworms found

A

intestines

182
Q

what shape is the egg of a dog tapeworm

A

hexacanth/oncosphere

183
Q

Once the egg of dog tapeworms go to man where does it go (4)

A

kidney, liver, heart, and lungs

184
Q

what develops in the kidneys, liver, heart, and lungs of man with dog tapeworm

A

cyst

185
Q

(dog tapeworm) _____ –> poison –> fever

A

hydrated fluid

186
Q

what kinda fluke is fasciolopsis buski

A

intestinal flukes

187
Q

where is. fasciolopsis buski found in humans dogs, pigs

A

small intestine

188
Q

what kind of eggs does fasciolopsis buski have

A

oppersulated

189
Q

what differentiates fasciolopsis buski eggs from others

A

yolk

190
Q

what is the intermediate host of fasciolopsis buski

A

snails

191
Q

what organism causes inflammation of the intestine, ulcer, pain, nausea, diarrhea

A

fasciolopsis buski

192
Q

what WBC increase with fasciolopsis buski

A

eosinophil

193
Q

what does eosinophil produce

A

anti-histamin

194
Q

how do you prevent fasciolopsis buski

A

prevent any snails

195
Q

aka schistosoma dermatitis

A

swimmer’s itch

196
Q

what animals is schistosoma dermatitis found

A

cattle & birds

197
Q

what part of the body of the cattle and bird does schistosoma dermatitis cause problem s

A

mesenteric/ pelvic vien

198
Q

(schistosoma dermatitis birds) mesenteric vein –> miracelium–> ___ –> sporocyst I –> sporocyst II –> cercaria –> other ____

A

snail

bird

199
Q

at what stage of schistosoma dermatitis does it go in man’s skin

A

cercaria

200
Q

Symptoms of schistosoma dermatitis

A

scratching

201
Q

true or false: a person will die after a few days of contracting schistosoma dermatitis

A

true

202
Q

why does schistosoma dermatitis kill people so quick

A

because they do not become adults

203
Q

how do they prevent the snail of schistosoma dermatitis from ponds

A 
copper sulfate (2)
copper carboate. (1)
204
Q

aka S. Haematobium

A

visceral schistosomiosis/ urine bilharziasis

205
Q

why does the egg of S. Haematobium goes to the prostate gland, cervix, vagina, and uterus

A

tissue selective

206
Q

what organism causes hematuria, weakness, sweating, fever, pain in the pelvic area

A

S. Haematobium

207
Q

aka S. japonicum

A

oriental schistosomiosis/ katakana disease

208
Q

true or false: S. japonicum is tissue selective

A

true

209
Q

aka S. mansoni

A

intestinal schistosomiasis/ schistosoma dysentry/ intestinal bilhaziasis

210
Q

what phase of S. mansoni has more bleeding and fever

A

acute

211
Q

what organs are effected in the acute phase of S. mansoni

A

kidney and lungs

212
Q

how long does it take for S. mansoni to become chronic

A

2-3 years

213
Q

what organ is affected in the chronic phase of S. mansoni

A

liver

214
Q

what organism causes these symptoms: fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia

A

S. mansoni

215
Q

how is S. mansoni prevented and why?

A

prevent all snails because it is the only intermediate host

PARASITOLOGY (3 decks)

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