Test 2

Question 1

The pituitary is considered what?

Answer 1

The “Master”gland

Question 2

Which hormone acts on bone to release calcium in the blood?

Answer 2

Parathormone

Question 3

Adrenal medulla secretes what?

Answer 3

epinephrine and norephienphrine

Question 4

which causative factor may be responsible for primary endocrine disorder??

Answer 4

hormone overproduction and severe infection

Question 5

a tumor of the pituitary is usually what?

Answer 5

benign pituitary adenoma (affects women more than men)

Question 6

local symptoms of pituitary adenoma?

Answer 6

headache from pressure of the tumor and visual disturbance.

Question 7

systemic symptoms of pituitary adenoma?

Answer 7

personality changes, weakness, fatigue, and vague abdominal pain

Question 8

nursing management for hypophysectomy (removal of pituitary gland)

Answer 8

Semi-fowler, closely monitor vital signs and neurologic status. note any vision change, mental status, LOC, strength. note any symptoms for diabetes indipidus. and nasal packing (dripping)

Question 9

Hyperfuction of pituitary gland (pathophysiolgy)

Answer 9

stress and pregnancy are other causes of increased hormone release. pituitary adenoma may increase of hormones.

Question 10

signs and symptoms of hyperfuction of the pituitary gland?

Answer 10

Gigantism in children, acromegaly in adults

Question 11

Treatment for hyperfunction of the pituitary gland?

Answer 11

removal of the pituitary adenoma

Question 12

Hypofunction of the pituitary gland (pathophysiology)

Answer 12

most common cause is a tumor, autoimmune disorder, infections or destruction of pituitary gland,
sheehan syndrome due to postpartum hemorrhage
decrease in growth hormone and gonadotropins

Question 13

signs and symptoms of hypofunction of the pituitary gland

Answer 13

with tumor: headaches, visual changes, anosmia, or seizures.
other symptoms depend on the hormone involved

Question 14

Treatment and nursing management for hypofunction of pituitary gland

Answer 14

hormone replacement, surgery and radiation, and teaching

Question 15

diabetes insipidus pathophysiology

Answer 15

Central DI: associated with brain tumors, head injury, neurosurgery, or central nervous system (CNS) infections
Nephrogenic DI: caused by drug therapy (lithium) or kidney disease
Dispogenic DI: caused by excessive water intake (sometimes associated with schizophrenia)

Question 16

S/S of DI

Answer 16

Diuresis, thirst, weakness and fatigue, often from nocturia, deficient fluid volume, signs of shock and CNS manifestations

Question 17

DI nursing management and treatment

Answer 17

Replacement of fluid and electrolytes
hormone therapy
early detection, maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and patient education
baseline vital signs and weight are the accurately document and monitor throughout therapy
strict (hourly) intake and output monitoring are essential

Question 18

SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone)

Answer 18

excessive amounts of ADH are produces, resulting in fluid retention

Question 19

S/S of SIADH

Answer 19

confusion, seizure, LOC, weight gain, edema
hyponatremia, muscle cramps, and weakness,
diminished urine output

Question 20

SIADH treatment and nursing management

Answer 20

correct underlying cause
restrict fluid to 500 to 1000 mL
administer sodium chloride, diuretics and demeclocyline

Question 21

Goiter

Answer 21

greatly enlarged thyroid gland due to iodine deficiency or lack of thyroid hormone.

Question 22

S/S of goiter?

Answer 22

enlargement of the front of the neck

Question 23

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 23

primary: graves disease or toxic goiter

secondary hyperthyroidism

Question 24

S/S of hyperthyroidism

Answer 24

weight loss and nervousness

weakness, insomnia

Question 25

Graves Disease

Answer 25

immune disorder where the thyroid overproduces hormones. most common in women under 40

Question 26

Symptoms of graves disease

Answer 26

anxiety, hand tremors, heat sensitivity

Question 27

Hyperthyroidism treatment and nursing mangement

Answer 27

radioactive iodine and antithyroid drugs

mild sedatives and beta adrenergic blocking agent

Question 28

hypothyroidism

Answer 28

can be caused by inflammation of the thyroid or by treatment of hyperthyroidism