Test 2

Question 1

what is natural hazard

natural disaster

Answer 1

• natural processes which could cause death, injury or disruption to humans.
• Natural hazard that has occurred.

Question 2

Destructive plate

Answer 2

• move towards each other.
• oceanic and continental meet. denser oceanic plate sub ducts under continental plate.
• Volcanoes

Question 3

Constructive plate

Answer 3

• moving away from each other.

- magma rises, fills gap and cools to form a new crust

Question 4

Conservative

Answer 4

• plates slide past each other in opposite directions, or in the same direction but at different speeds.
• can cause earthquakes.

Question 5

volcanoes effect people after erupting?

Answer 5

• ash might cover the sky, known to effect global temperatures
• damage property or kill people.
• effect business

Question 6

Temp of sea water for tropical storms to happen?

how do they develop?

Answer 6

• 27 degrees or higher.
• form between 5 and 30 degrees north and south.

warm air rises quickly
as air rises it draws more warm moist air up from the ocean leading to strong winds.

Question 7

Natural causes of climate change?

Answer 7

• Orbital changes and volcanic activity.

Question 8

Human causes of climate change?

Answer 8

• Deforestation and burning fossil fuels.

Question 9

Effects climate change has on the environment?

Answer 9

• Ice caps melt, water levels rise.

Question 10

How does climate change effect people?

Answer 10

• some areas struggle to supply water due to water availability.
• Weather also gets more extreme.

Question 11

Ecosystem?
producer?
consumer?

Answer 11

• all the biotic parts of an area.
• uses sunlight energy to produce food.
• gets its energy by eating others.

Question 12

important for ecosystems to remain the same?

Answer 12

each ecosystem depend on each other, if one part changes it effects all other parts dependent on it.

Question 13

Characteristics of rain forests?
climate
plants
animals
soil

Answer 13

• 2000mm + of rainfall per year, between 20-28 degrees.
• most trees are evergreen, really tall trees.
• high levels of biodiversity.
• not very fertile because heavy rain washes nutrients away.

Question 14

what is desertification?

why does it happen?

Answer 14

• the degradation of land, making it drier and less productive.
• vegetation is removed or dies, exposed soil is easily removed by wind or water.

Question 15

Climate change causing desertification?

Answer 15

warmer climate speeds up decomposition of organic carbon in soils, leaving them depleted and less able to retain water and nutrients.

Question 16

Human causes of desertification?

Answer 16

• Population growth means pressure on the environment for resources like wood and water.
• Wood removal means less trees and less roots holding soil together, more soil erosion.
• Overgrazing, more area being farmed, animals overeating vegetation, vulnerable to soil erosion.

Question 17

Behavioural adaptations of animals in desert?

Answer 17

• Kangaroo rats dig burrows underground to avoid extreme heat
• Camels can go without water for over a week because they drink a lot in one go.

Question 18

Physical adaptations of animals in desert?

Answer 18

• Kangaroo rats’ kidneys produce very little urine, they also don’t sweat because of lack of water.
• Camels use long eyelashes, hairy ears and closing nostrils to help keep out sand.

Question 19

Plant adaptations in desert?

Answer 19

Cactus plants have thick waxy skin to reduce water loss and reflect heat. Large fleshy stems to store water.

Question 20

Plant adaptation in rain forest?

Answer 20

Buttress roots allow trees to have a larger surface area and support the tree, also gathering more nutrients for the tree.

Drip tips allow water to run off quickly without damaging the leaves, prevents algae forming.

Question 21

Animal adaptation in rain forest?

Answer 21

Flying frog has webbed hands and feet and a flap of loose skin that stretches between allowing it to glide from plant to plant.

Sloth uses camouflage and moves slowly to prevent getting spotted by predators.

Question 22

Prevent desertification?

Answer 22

• Plant trees to hold soil together and prevent soil erosion.
• Managing water by planting crops that need little water, using drip irrigation instead of surface irrigation, prevents soil erosion.

Question 23

decomposer?
food chain?
food web?

Answer 23

• organism that gets energy by breaking down bacteria.
• shows what eats what.
• shows lots of food chains for the whole ecological community.