Test

Question 1

what particles are located in the nucleus

Answer 1

nucleus and protons

Question 2

where are electrons located

Answer 2

electron shells

Question 3

identify the products of acid base reaction

Answer 3

salt + water (h2o)

Question 4

identify the products of acid metal reaction

Answer 4

salt + hydrogen gas (h2)

Question 5

identify the products of acid carbonate reaction

Answer 5

salt + carbon dioxide (co2) + water (h2o)

Question 6

word formula for combustion reactions

Answer 6

fuel+oxygen -> carbon dioxide+water vapour+energy

Question 7

definition of half life

Answer 7

time taken for half of the nuclei in a sample of a radioisotope to decay

Question 8

difference between isotope and radioisotope

Answer 8

isotopes: have a stable nuclei
radioisotope: unstable nuclei and releases radiation

Question 9

scientists can test if substance is acid or base with litmus paper by

Answer 9

putting a litmus paper into the substance and if it turns red, its an acid and if it turns blue, its a base

Question 10

scientists can test if substance is acid or base with a universal indicator by

Answer 10

dipping a strip of universal indicator paper into the substance and observing the colour change and determine the pH depending on the colour

acid: 0-7 pH
base: 7-14 pH

Question 11

radiation types: alpha

Answer 11

made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons
it cant go through skin or paper
penetrating power is very low
when swallowed, or exposed to open cuts, causes damage to tissues

Question 12

radiation types: beta

Answer 12

made up of high speed electron emitted from nucleus
cant go through aluminium and wood
medium penetrating power
capable of penetration the skin and causing radiation damage such as skin burns

Question 13

radiation types: gamma

Answer 13

made up 2 protons and 2 neutrons (the nucleus of a helium atom)
cant go through thick concrete or inches of lead
very high penetrating power
extremely dangerous, causes fatigue, vomiting and nausea

Question 14

cat-ion

Answer 14

formed from: metals
donates electrons
positive charge
examples: sodium ion, magnesium ion

Question 15

an-ion

Answer 15

formed from non-metals
it accepts electrons
has a negative charge
example: nitride ion, ioxide ion

Question 16

properties of acids

Answer 16

tastes sour, reacts with bases, reacts with metals

Question 17

properties of bases

Answer 17

tastes bitter, feels soapy to touch, react with acid

Question 18

Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5 years. If 20 years have passed, calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred.

Answer 18

4 half life
20divide5= 4

Question 19

A sample of Thorium-234 has a half-life of 24 days. If 72 days have passed, calculate the number of half-lives that have occurred.

Answer 19

24divide by72= 3

Question 20

what side of periodic table would you find cat-ions

Answer 20

left side (metals)

Question 21

what side of periodic table would you find an-ions

Answer 21

right side (non-metals)

Question 22

which group of the periodic table does not form ions

Answer 22

group 18 because the group elements are already stable and have a full outer shell. therefore, do not donate or accept electrons