Caca Bumbum Flashcards
What the reactant of cellular respiration
Glucose + oxygen
Whats the function of the circulatory system?
Transport glucose and oxygen around the body to cells
What would happen to a person’s energy levels if their oxygen intake decreased
- decrease oxygen = decrease in energy level
Cellular respiration creates energy, less oxygen means less cell. Respiration = less energy
Examples of pathogens
Bacteria, viruses, fungi
How does hair, mucus, and saliva defend pathogens from entering the body?
Hair: traps pathogens to prevent entry
Mucus: Traps and removes pathogens
Saliva: enzymes damage pathogens
Identify the defence system, antibodies
Antibodies help clump pathogens together to be consume and destroy
Describe how body protects itself against allergens
Hair traps allergens from entering the body, mucus helps trap and remove allergens, and the saliva enzymes help destroy the allergens
What does PNS stand for
Peripheral nervous system
What are the two parts of the CNS
Central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
Definition of dendrite
Single extension where a nerve impulse starts
Definition of cell body
Contains the nucleus which controls the neurons
Definition of axon
Single extension of a cell body and sends nerve impulses in one direction
Detention of Axon terminal
Branches that send nerve impulses to other neurons, muscles or glands
Identify the direction of motor neurons
CNS -> PNS
Interneuron -> sensory organs
Definition of stimulus
A change in the environment
Whats the action that involves thought and intent
Voluntary
List the 4 features of a reflux
- fast
- requires a stimuli
- does not involve the brain
- protects the body from harm
Identify the stages of the reflux arc
Stimuli
Receptor
Sensory neurons
Inter neurons
Motor neurons
Effectors
Describe the stages of the reflux
Something triggers the stimuli, receptors detects this change, sensory neurons carries the signal to the spinal cord, interneurons then take this message to the motor neurons, which then carries the response signals back to the muscles. The effectors then cause a involuntary action (reflux)
Definition of hormones
Chemical substances that act as messengers
Whats the message type (electrical or chemical). message speed (fast or slow), structure used (neurons or glands), range of effect (specific or widespread) for nervous systems
Message type: electrical
Message speed: fast
Structure used: neurons
Range of effect: specific
Name the glands/organs and its hormone and function
Pancreas - insulin
Pituitary gland - growth hormones
Ovary - oestrogen
Testes - testosterone
Hormones can only affect certain cells. These cells are called:
Target cells
Whats the message type (electrical or chemical). message speed (fast or slow), structure used (neurons or glands), range of effect (specific or widespread) for endocrine systems
Message type: chemical
Message speed: slow
Structure used: glands
Range of effect: widespread
What type of systems are nervous and endocrine systems
Communication
What do the 2 systems change about the body?
Environment when they respond to stimuli
How do the 2 systems receive info
Receptors
What role do the 2 systems play for the body
Help protect the body
