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Sports Medicine HOSA ILC > Test > Flashcards

Test Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

Adult Pulse

A

60-80 bpm

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2
Q

Child Pulse

A

80-100 bpm

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3
Q

Rapid and weak pulse indicates

A

Shock, bleeding, diabetic coma, and/or heat exhaustion

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4
Q

rapid but strong pulse indicates

A

heat stroke and/or severe fright

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5
Q

No pulse indicates

A

cardiac arrest and/or death

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6
Q

2 most convenient sites for taking the pulse

A

neck (carotid artery) and the wrist (radial artery) is

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7
Q

adult respiration

A

12-20 breaths per minute

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8
Q

child respirations

A

20-25 breaths per minute

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9
Q

shallow breathing indicates

A

shock

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10
Q

measurement for respirations is taken by

A

watching, feeling and counting the rise and fall of chest

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11
Q

oral temp

A

98.6 F

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12
Q

rectal temp

A

99.6 F

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13
Q

ancillary temp

A

97.6 F

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14
Q

hot, dry skin indicates

A

disease, infection, and/or over exposure to environmental heat

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15
Q

cool, clammy skin is an indicator

A

trauma, shock, and/or heat exhaustion

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16
Q

cool and dry skin is displayed because of…

A

overexposure to cold

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17
Q

irregular or gasping breath

A

cardiac related

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18
Q

red skin color

A

heat stroke, diabetic coma, and/or high blood pressure

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19
Q

white skin color

A

insufficient circulation, shock, fright, hemorrhage, heat exhaustion, and/or insulin shock

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20
Q

blue skin

A

circulated blood is poorly oxygenated

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21
Q

constricted pupils

A

injury to the central nervous system and/or intake of depressant drug

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22
Q

dilated pupils

A

head injury, shock, heat stroke, hemorrhage, and/or intake of a stimulate drug

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23
Q

failing pupils to light

A

brain injury, intake of alcohol, or drug poisonion

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24
Q

PEARL

A

Pupils Equal And Reactive to Light

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25
Q

Evaluation of LOC

A

Athlete’s mental awareness
Memory and ability to recall
Response to commands (direction, events, etc.)

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26
Q

AVPU

A

Alert
Verbal
Responds to Pain
Unresponsive

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27
Q

4 basic patterns of movement

A

Active
Passive
Assistive
Resistive

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28
Q

Nerve stimulation

A

check for motor and sensory to determine if affected area has nerve damage

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29
Q

normal blood pressure

A

120/80

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30
Q

systolic

A

when the heart contract

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31
Q

diastolic

A

as the heart relaxes

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32
Q

Team physician

A

to be available when emergency situations arise
physicals
clearing players to return to activity

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33
Q

BOC Certified Athletic Trainer

A

Prevention
clinical education and diagnosis
immediate care
treatment, rehabilitation, and conditioning
organization and administration
professional responsibility

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33
Q

BOC Certified Athletic Trainer

A

Prevention
clinical education and diagnosis
immediate care
treatment, rehabilitation, and conditioning
organization and administration
professional responsibility

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34
Q

Athletes

A

responsibility to maintain good physical condition
practice techniques taught by coaches

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35
Q

parents

A

assist in keeping athlete healthy and are updated about injury or illness. Should be provided with info on nutrition and recommend home treatments. If athlete is a minor, AT should alert parents immediately

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36
Q

officials

A

responsible for enforcing fair rules, monitoring playing conditions, and cooperating with AT and physician

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37
Q

coaches

A

Must plan practices that include conditioning and training of athletes and teach techniques and rules of sport.
Practices must be of reasonable duration, taking skill level, fatigue, and environmental conditions into consideration. Selecting, fitting, and maintaining protective equipment. Supervision of practice and game facilities must be reviewed by coaching staff. Must update education by attending clinics, review rule change, skill development, first aid/ CPR. Athletes wellbeing is 1st. Works close with team physician and BOC certified AT.

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38
Q

Athletic Training Student

A

Defined by interest , experience in allied healthcare, desire to gain knowledge of profession. Start with maintaining a clean athletic training area/facility. Other duties include inventory control, keeping track of supplies and equipment, and communication to head trainer. Should have checklist for practice, games, or road trips. Packing kits and other preparation activities. Preparing an sport/electrolyte drink or water. Documenting weight before and after practice. Recording for daily treatments. Treatments such as taping, wrapping,
changing dressings,giving minor treatments, and first aid procedures

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39
Q

Physical Rehabilitation program goal

A

To return the injured athlete to pre-injury levels of strength, power, endurance, flexibility, and confidence as quickly and safely as possible

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40
Q

Rehab program focuses on…

A

injured body part

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41
Q

what happens when and if an athlete returns to activity without undergoing physical rehabilitation

A

could become re-injured

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42
Q

aggressive rehab program will require

A

particular exercise program by athlete at a level slightly lower than what causes pain

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43
Q

5 phases of physical rehabilitation that need to be addressed-

A

post surgical/acute injury
early exercise
intermediate exercise
advanced exercise
initial sports re entry

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44
Q

along with exercise, AT must also deal with…

A

decreasing pain
effusion
inflammatory response to trauma

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45
Q

returning an athlete to a pain-free active range of motion will increase…

A

muscular strength, power, and endurance to anatomical structure

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46
Q

4 basic components of any physical rehab program are…

A

therapeutic exercise
therapeutic modalities
athletic education
goal setting

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47
Q

when determining purpose of an exercise, always consider…

A

joint range of motion, muscular strength, power, endurance, balance, proprioception, kinesthetic awareness, and cardiovascular fitness

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48
Q

progressive resistive exercises are used to increase

A

muscular strength, power, and endurance

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49
Q

Purpose of Taping and wrapping

A

Primary: to provide additional support, stability, and compression for affected body part.

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50
Q

Taping and wrapping techniques can be applied to…

A

Shorten the muscles angle of pull
Decrease joint range of motion
Secure pads, bandages and protective devices
Apply compression to aid in controlling swelling

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51
Q

Taping: prep removal of hair

A

The athlete should shave the affected body part. This ensures a good solid foundation for the tape, will allow for easy tape removal, and will reduce skin irritation

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52
Q

Taping prep: spray adherent

A

Spray the affected area with an adherent to aid adhesive quality

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53
Q

Taping prep- skin lubricants

A

In areas of high friction or sensitivity, a skin lubricant such as heel and lace pad will help reduce the possibility of irritation

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54
Q

Taping prep- underwrap

A

Foam wrap used to hold heel and lace pads in place. Use of underwrap over entire taping area can compromise stability of taping technique

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55
Q

Common terminology for the wraps are…

A

Spica, figure of eight, and pad support.

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56
Q

Spica wraps

A

Traditionally employed at the hip and shoulder joints.

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57
Q

Traditionally employed at the hip and shoulder joints.

A

Placed over ankle, knee, elbow, and wrist, and hand joints.

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58
Q

Supportive wraps

A

Aid in securing pads after proper placement of felt, foam rubber, and protective devices.

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59
Q

What does PRICES stand for?

A

Protection
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation
Support

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60
Q

What kind of pattern is used when applying a compression wrap?

A

Spiral

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61
Q

Compression wrapping process

A

Start distal to injury, cross injured joint, and finish proximal to affected area.

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62
Q

How does elevation assist in a compression wrap?

A

Assists in moving fluids out of injured area.

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63
Q

When should compression wraps take place?

A

Every 4 hours.

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64
Q

When applying supportive techniques to an athlete you should…

A

Be aware of specific rules for that particular sport.

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65
Q

Be aware of specific rules for that particular sport…

A

Prevent an injury and to protect injured anatomical structures from firth aggravation.

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66
Q

Protective device can be applied to add…

A

Additional protection, support, stability, and compression.

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67
Q

How are braces and special devices are beneficial?

A

If are intelligently selected, used within the rules and guidelines of specific sport.

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68
Q

Foam

A

used in conjunction with various taping/wrapping procedures to increase efficacy of technique.

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69
Q

things to keep in mind about foam is…

A

proper size, thickness, shape, and foam composition

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70
Q

thermoplastic

A

can allow the injured athlete to return to practice and or competition with an increased awareness that the injury will be protected.

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71
Q

because the hardness of thermoplastic…

A

may be restricted from some sports
limited to a certain body part
require padding according to guidelines

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72
Q

Felt

A

applied by same criteria as foam.

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73
Q

factors to be considered in construction and application of felt pad are…

A

size, thickness, and use of either adhesive or non-adhesive felt.

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74
Q

in the construction of a special pad, the following criteria should be considered…

A

1- does the pad meet specific rules and guidelines of sport?
2- does the pad perform the function for which it was designed?
3- will the pad contribute to further injury to the area or to an adjacent area?
4- Will the pad alter the function or void the warranty of a manufactured piece of equipment (i.e., helmet, shoulder pads)

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75
Q

Blisters

A

most often found on the feet.
as the layers of skin rub together, friction causes separation. The body responds with fluid formation. The fluid causes pressure on nerve endings- perceived as pain.

76
Q

what happens when a blister is neglected?

A

may break and causes a open wound.

77
Q

ankle sprains

A

range from muscle strains and ligament strains to dislocations and fractures.

78
Q

range from muscle strains and ligament strains to dislocations and fractures.

A

combination of excessive inversion and plantar flexion.

79
Q

ligament most often injured in an ankle sprain

A

anterior talofibular

80
Q

why are ankle taping most preventive of inversion sprain?

A

because sprains are mostly lateral.

81
Q

Which is less common? Eversion or Inversion.

A

Eversion

82
Q

Medial side of ankle is the…

A

Deltoid ligament

83
Q

Deltoid Ligament

A

Helps prevent excessive eversion or turning of the heel outward movement.

84
Q

Categories of sprains

A

First degree, second degree, or third degree.

85
Q

First degree sprain

A

One or more of supporting ligaments and surrounding tissues are stretched. Minor discomfort, point tenderness, little to know swelling. No abnormal movement in the joint to indicate lack of stability.

86
Q

Second degree sprain

A

A portion of one or more ligaments are torn. There is slight pain, swelling, point tenderness, disability and loss of function. There is slight abnormal movement in the joint. The athlete may not be able to walk normally and will favor the injured leg.

87
Q

Assumption of Risk

A

knowing of risk and still taking the chance.

88
Q

Commission

A

Authorization; act of giving authority to an individual to do the right thing

89
Q

Omission

A

Not doing the right thing

90
Q

HIPPA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

91
Q

Informed Consent

A

permission granted in the knowledge of the possible consequences

92
Q

Liability

A

Legal responsibility

93
Q

Malpractice

A

Failure by a health professional to meet accepted standards

94
Q

Title IX

A

A law that bans gender discrimination in schools that receive federal funds

95
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

A plane that divides the body into right and left portions.

96
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Divides the body into front and back portions.

97
Q

Transverse Plane

A

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

98
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head

99
Q

Inferior

A

Lower on the body, farther from the head

100
Q

Anterior

A

Front

101
Q

Posterior

A

Back

102
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

103
Q

Medial

A

Toward the midline

104
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline

105
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the trunk of the body

106
Q

Proximal

A

Nearer to the trunk of the body

107
Q

Nearer to the trunk of the body

A

Near the surface

108
Q

Ventral

A

Belly side

109
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

110
Q

Prone

A

Lying face down

111
Q

Supine

A

Supine

112
Q

Unilateral

A

One sided

113
Q

Bi-lateral

A

Both sides

114
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a body part

115
Q

Extension

A

Straightening of a joint

116
Q

Hyperextension

A

Extension beyond anatomical position

117
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline

118
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body

119
Q

Pronation

A

Palm down

120
Q

Supination

A

Palm up

121
Q

Retraction

A

Moving a part backward

122
Q

Protraction

A

Moving a part forward

123
Q

Elevation

A

Raising a part

124
Q

Depression

A

Lowering a part

125
Q

External Rotation

A

Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body

126
Q

Internal Rotation

A

Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.

127
Q

Lateral flexion

A

Side bending left or right

128
Q

Inversion

A

Turning the sole of the foot inward

129
Q

Eversion

A

turning the sole of the foot outward

130
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Toes up

131
Q

Plantarflexion

A

Pointing toes

132
Q

Radial Deviation

A

Movement of the wrist towards the radius or lateral side

133
Q

Ulnar Deviation

A

Movement of the wrist towards the ulna or medial side

134
Q

Opposition

A

Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips

135
Q

Movement of the thumb to touch the fingertips

A

Ability of heart to provide oxygen to muscles during physical activity for prolonged period of time

136
Q

Muscular Endurance

A

the ability of your muscles to perform physical tasks over a period of time without tiring

137
Q

Power

A

Rate at which work is done, Fast and quick FxD/T

138
Q

Speed

A

The distance an object travels per unit of time

139
Q

Strength

A

The ability of your muscles to exert a force.

140
Q

Adaption

A

Any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment

141
Q

Overload

A

Working the body harder than it is normally worked

142
Q

Specificity

A

Choosing the right types of activities to improve a given element of fitness

143
Q

Periodization

A

Division of a training program into smaller, progressive stages

144
Q

V02 Max

A

is the measurement of the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense, or maximal exercise. It is measured as milliliters of oxygen used in one minute per kilogram of body weight

145
Q

Harvard Step test

A

is a type of cardiac stress test for detecting and diagnosing cardiovascular disease. It also is a good measurement of fitness and a person’s ability to recover after a strenuous exercise. The more quickly the heart rate returns to resting, the better shape the person is in.

146
Q

Harvard Step test

A

is a type of cardiac stress test for detecting and diagnosing cardiovascular disease. It also is a good measurement of fitness and a person’s ability to recover after a strenuous exercise. The more quickly the heart rate returns to resting, the better shape the person is in.

147
Q

12 minute run test

A

The 12-minute run fitness test was developed by Dr. Ken Cooper in 1968 as an easy way to measure aerobic fitness and provide an estimate of VO2 max for military personnel. The Cooper Test, as it’s also known, is still used today as a field test for determining aerobic fitness.

148
Q

Aerobic Exercise

A

Aerobic Exercise

149
Q

Anaerobic Exercise

A

Intense physical activity that requires little oxygen but uses short bursts of energy

150
Q

Interval training

A

alternating periods of high intense exercise interspersed with periods of rest

151
Q

Target Heart rate

A

maximum HR is 220 minus your age, Target HR is 50-85% of max. HR

152
Q

acclimation

A

gradual process by which an animal adjusts to changes in its external environment

153
Q

acclimation

A

gradual process by which an animal adjusts to changes in its external environment

154
Q

slow twitch muscle fibers

A

low force, long duration, aerobic (Red)

155
Q

fast twitch muscle fibers

A

high force, short duration, anaerobic (white)

156
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Muscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length

157
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

muscle shortens because muscle tension exceeds load

158
Q

Isokinetic contraction

A

muscle generates force at a constant speed through full range of motion

159
Q

Eccentric contraction

A

A type of isotonic contraction that involves the muscle lengthening while producing tension.

160
Q

concentric contraction

A

muscle shortens as it maintains tension

161
Q

closed chain exercise

A

a move where the distal segments of the body are fixed on a surface (squat) “Ground Base”

162
Q

open chain exercise

A

exercise in which a distal segment of the body moves freely in space

163
Q

Plyometric exercise

A

Works on the explosiveness of muscle associated with fast powerful and ballistic movement

164
Q

flexibility

A

the ability to move a body part through a full range of motion

165
Q

static stretching

A

stretching characterized by slow and sustained muscle lengthening

166
Q

ballistic stretching

A

rapid bouncing movements

167
Q

dynamic stretching

A

controlled stretches recommended prior to beginning an activity

168
Q

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

A

PNF
Stretching techniques that involve combinations of alternating contractions and stretches

169
Q

food guide pyramid

A

a guide for making healthful daily food choices

170
Q

Nutrients

A

Substances in food that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy

171
Q

carbohydrates

A

the starches and sugars present in foods

172
Q

proteins

A

nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues

173
Q

Female Athlete Triad

A

disordered eating, amenorrhea, osteoporosis

174
Q

Ergogenic Aid

A

A product used in an attempt to enhance performance, including some food supplements.

175
Q

Stimulants

A

Drugs that speed up the central nervous system

176
Q

Narcotics

A

Specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain

177
Q

Narcotics

A

Specific drugs that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain

178
Q

Anabolic Steroids

A

Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth

179
Q

Diuretics

A

Drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion

180
Q

Human Growth Hormone

A

hGH
Hormone produced in the pituitary gland and is released to regulate growth.

181
Q

Anesthetics

A

Drugs that kill pain, with or without producing loss of consciousness

182
Q

Creatine

A

supplement used to build muscle mass by making more ATP

183
Q

Avulsions

A

When skin or tissue is partly or completely torn away.

184
Q

Tnea

A

Ring worm

185
Q

Impetigo

A

a contagious bacterial skin infection forming pustules and yellow, crusty sores.

186
Q

MRSA

A

bacteria “Super Bug”

187
Q

Stages of Depression after a injury

A

Denial,Anger,Bargaining, Depression and Acceptance

Sports Medicine HOSA ILC (3 decks)

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