test Flashcards
what is energy
energy can be defined as the capacity or ability to perform.
energy comes from the breakdown ATP
role of atp
- adenosine triphosphate
- ATP is a chemical that serves as the immediate source of energy
- it is made up of 1 adenosine and 3 phosphates which are linked by high energy bonds.
structure of ATP
high energy bonds
ATP splitting
when there’s high energy bonds and one is released it powers muscular contractions
ATP storage and transport
creatine phosphate
CP, PC,
- creatine phosphate is a molecule similar to ATP that its a chemical that splits releasing energy.
- ADP + P = ATP
carbohydrates = high and low GI foods
complex (low GI) - bread, grains, pasta
simple (high GI) - white bread, lollies, fizzy, chocolate
when CHO is digested they are converted to glucose and stored as glycogen
carbs are the main fuel source for energy
fats
- fats are obtained from dairy products, nuts, meats and oils
- fats are broken down to fatty acids, which circulate in the blood and triglycerides which are found in the muscles
protein
protein contains amino acids which are vital for growth and repair
- it come from meats, fish, eggs and dairy
- amino acids can be used aas energy in extreme circumstances such as starvation or prolonged activity.
concept of hitting the wall
during prolonged physical activity such as a marathon the body will use up all its carbohydrates resulting in it using the fats and that will require more oxygen making the body work harder this puts strain on the body and is known as hitting the wall
glycogen sparing
glycogen sparing is the process in whereby glycogen stores are not used early in exercise
ATP production during exercise and during rest
at rest the body doesn’t need much energy so the ATP production is low, whereas when the body the body is exercising its in demand for more energy requiring a higher rate of ATP
ATP-PC system equation
ATP-PC system characteristics
