test Flashcards
a symptom indicative of angina is chest pain that typically ___?
lasts for several minutes
how does GTN primarily reduce preload?
relaxing veins
what is the first stage of Leventhal et al’s common sense or self-regulatory model?
primary appraisal
what is the psychological component of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation programme that is best supported by evidence?
CBT
familial hypercholesterolemia is primarily due to the production of defective what?
LDL receptors
LDL is retained within the vessel wall by interacting primarily with what?
proteoglycans
what receptors on macrophages can oxidised LDL interact with?
SR-A or CD36
what is P-selectin?
a protein produced by activated platelets and endothelial cells that functions as a cell adhesion molecules
what is ICAM-1?
(AKA CD54) — a transmembrane GP that plays a role in inflammatory processes and in the T-cell mediated host defence system
what ion is responsible for vasodilatory control of local blood flow regulation?
K+
what do secondary signals do after an increased frequency of nerve impulses from baroreceptors have entered the tractus solitarius?
inhibit the vasoconstrictor centre of the medulla
what would be decreased by a drug that increases the radius of resistance vessels?
capillary blood flow
what is pulmonary artery systolic pressure typically? diastolic? venous?
15-30mmHg = systolic 4-10mmHg = diastolic 2-15mmHg = pulmonary venous/pulmonary capillary wedge pressure
what is the normal pressure range for LV systolic and diastolic pressures?
systolic = 100-140mmHg diastolic = 3-12mmHg
postural hypotension is the main adverse effect of what class of anti-hypertensive drug?
a1-blockers
what do ACE inhibitors increase?
salt excretion
what is the normal site of haematopoiesis in an infant?
bone marrow in all bones
name 4 substances that aid platelet aggregation?
- ADP
- platelet derived GF
- serotonin
- TXA2
not prostacyclin
what is factor VIII(a) a co-factor of?
factor IX
what is an intrapersonal factor that would influence altruism and likelihood of helping?
prejudice
what clotting factor is NOT produced in the liver?
III
what protein do thrombolytic drugs most commonly activate?
plasminogen
the mechanism of aspirin’s anticoagulant effect relies on the fact that after blocking the COX enzyme what is the result?
platelets cannot synthesise TXA2
There is a positive correlation between pulse pressure and cardiac output (CO). What statistical method might be used to predict an individual’s CO if their pulse pressure was known?
linear regression
a person’s future participation in an exercise programme is best predicted by what?
their past participation in exercise
what is the major adverse outcome of compartment syndrome?
ischaemia
hypovolaemic shock would be expected to alter cardiac activity to produce what?
tachycardia
the layer of dense connective tissue surrounding a muscle or groups of muscle (fascia) is mainly composed of what?
collagen
the pulmonary wedge capillary pressure serves as an indirect measure of pressure in where?
left atrium
what is the null hypothesis when conducting the Shapiro-Wilk test?
the sample was drawn from a normally distributed population
what blood groups are X, Y, Z?
X = B Y = A Z = AB
What substance released from vascular endothelial cells facilitates adherence of platelets to collagen?
vWF
where is the moderator band?
RV
which blood vessel receives blood from the chamber with the thickest compact myocardium?
ascending aorta
Which blood vessel delivers blood to right side of the head and neck and upper limb?
brachiocephalic trunk
