Test 11.02.25

Question 1

What were the economic effects on Russia from WW1

Answer 1

• Cost Government 17 billion roubles
• Many of Russia important economic areas (coal mines) were captured and Russias access to Europe was blocked making trade impossible
• 15 million men went to war so there wasn’t enough labour in the fields and farms
• The government introduced prohibition but vodka sales made up 25% of tax receipts so country national debt increased

Question 2

What were the social effects on Russia from WW1

Answer 2

• Not enough food for both the army and the cities, so through requisitioning the army took food from the peasants to the soldiers on the front line.
• Railway transport focused solely on on getting food to the army do by the time it got the cities it was often rotten
• Inflation was high so more and more people struggling to buy food
• There were 2 times as many women then men
• The number of jobs decreased dramatically as the factories didn’t have enough materials to keep going. In the first 3 months of the war 150,000 workers had lost their jobs

Question 3

What were the political effects on Russia from WW1

Answer 3

• The fourth Duma was suspended in August so the government could focus on winning the war
• The Tsar took over the military so people blamed him when the war was going badly
• When the Duma began again it was very critical of the Tsarist government under the influence of Rasputin

Question 4

What were the long term causes of the February revolution

Answer 4

• The Tsar had given up little of his autocratic power in practice
• The Tsars fear of revolution made Russia even more of a police state
• Industrial workers still endured terrible working conditions
• Many nationalities wanted independence
• Most peasants still struggled in terrible poverty

Question 5

What were the immediate causes of the February revolution

Answer 5

• 23 Feb International Women’s day protest
• 23-25 Feb there was the Petrograd protest march and many clashes with the police
• 25 Feb Nicholas orders army to stop the unrest
• 26 Feb Soldiers open fire on protesters killing 50
• 26 Feb Pavlosky regiment refuses to obey orders
• 27 -28 Feb soldiers join workers to capture weapon stores

Question 6

What was a result of the economic problems due to the war

Answer 6

The government decided to print more money to pay off its debts and this led to inflation, so the money lost value. So prices went up but wages stayed low and people’s savings were worth a lot less.

Question 7

What happened between the 23rd and 25th February 1917

Answer 7

• On 23rd Feb (international women’s day) thousands of women marched in protest of the bread shortages, joining the protests led by the workers
• Between 23 and 25 February, a quarter of a million people marched through the streets of Petrograd to protest
• This was far more then the police could control
• This led to clashes with the police

Question 8

Why were so many people marching against bread shortages

Answer 8

• The government announced that bead would be rationed in Petrograd from1st March, and after a harsh winter of food shortages people became desperate

Question 9

What events occurred between 26-28th February 1917

Answer 9

• On 26 February, soldiers of the Pavlovsky Regiment learned about the shooting of more than 50 people. The Pavlovsky soldiers were shocked that Russian soldiers were shooting Russian citizens.
• They refused to obey orders to fire on demonstrators.
• Over the next 2 days (27-28 February), soldiers joined with workers to capture Petrograd’s main weapons store; they took over 40,000 rifles and 30,000 revolvers. They also broke into prisons and released political prisoners.

Question 10

What events occur on the 1 and 2 march 1917

Answer 10

• Tsar Nicholas reaches the city of Pskov
• Senior army leaders join the Tsar in Pskov and urge him to abdicate
• The Tsar agrees to abdicate in favour of his brother Michael
• Michael refuses the crown and the provisional government is formed