1. Tsarist Rule im Russia 1905-14

Question 1

Why was Russia so difficult to govern

Answer 1

• Huge empire
• Varied ethical makeup
• Very agricultural
• Many different languages spoken

Question 2

Long - term causes of the 1905 Revolution

Answer 2

1. Russia was a difficult country to govern
2. Weakness of Tsar Nicholas II
3. The economic and political changes to Russias society

Question 3

What are 3 weaknesses of Tsar Nicholas II

Answer 3

1. Indecisive
2. Unprepared
3. Autocrat (Nobody could disagree with him)

Question 4

What were the short term causes of the 1905 revolution

Answer 4

1. Russo-Japanese War
2. Bloody Sunday

Question 5

What happened in the Russo-Japanese war

Answer 5

-Russia and Japan disagreed over the ownership of Manchuria
- They went to War over it think Russia would win
- Russia lost in an embarrassing defeat

Question 6

What was Bloody sunday

Answer 6

• In St. Petersburg 1905 factory workers went and had a peaceful protest
• The Tsar ordered them to be shot at
• Over 100 protesters were killed

Question 7

Why were the peasants and Working class unhappy

Answer 7

Peasants:
- They needed more land, overtaxed and famines killed thousands of them
Industrial Workers:
- Worked long hours for low pay
- Factory was dangerous and living conditions prone to disease

Question 8

Why was the middle class and the non russians unhappy

Answer 8

Middle class:
- Wanted change but were too scared to revolutionise
Non Russians
- Forced to conform to Russification
- Wanted independence from Russia

Question 9

What were the 3 main events of the 1905 revolution

Answer 9

1. Peasant Riots
2. Workers Strikes
3. St Petersburg Soviet

Question 10

What were the peasant riots of the 1905 revolution

Answer 10

• Peasants rioted against their landlords and burned down their manor house’s (over 3000 burnt down in 2 years)
• Peasants created communes
• Police struggled to control the riots

Question 11

What were the main events workers strike of the 1905 revolution

Answer 11

• In January 1905 over 400,000 workers went on strike
• Then a general strike happen from late September until October 2, where all the important industries such as railway went on strike
• The strikes united Russia against the Tsarist government

Question 12

What was the St Petersburg Soviet from the 1905 revolution

Answer 12

• It was a council for the workers that arranged the strikes
• The council only lasted between September and December as the government shut it down

Question 13

What were the key rights of the October Manifesto

Answer 13

• Freedom of speech, the right to form political parties and trade unions
• A parliament known as Duma

Question 14

Who gained and who lost out from the Manifesto

Answer 14

• The Middle class gained
• The peasants and workers lost out as the manifesto didn’t improve conditions for them

Question 15

How did the Government gain control after the revolution

Answer 15

• Newspapers were shut down, trade unions were closed and revolutionaries were exiled or put in prison

Question 16

3 reasons why Tsar Nicholas II survived the 1905 revolution

Answer 16

1. The October Manifesto
2. The military: the army stayed loyal to the Tsar
3. Disunited opposition: the opposition wasn’t organised or united

Question 17

What did the Fundamental laws establish

Answer 17

In april 1906 Russia’s State Duma was established

Question 18

What was the Dumas Role

Answer 18

It’s role was to help make new rules and laws for Russia

Question 19

Why was the Dumas power limited

Answer 19

1. The Tsar had the power to veto any of the legislation the Duma suggested
2. The Upper House was full of friends of the Tsar and could block anything passed by the Duma
3. Only the Tsar could change the laws

Question 20

How long did the first 2 Dumas last and what were their beliefs

Answer 20

1. The first Duma lasted 10 weeks until it was dissolved by the Tsar
2. The second Duma lasted around 4 months
3. Both Dumas were strongly against the Tsarist Government

Question 21

How were the third and fourth Duma different from the first and second

Answer 21

• These Dumas were pro - government right wing parties
• All government policies got the Dumas support

Question 22

What was Stolypins plan for his land reform

Answer 22

To let individual peasants leave the commune and set up their own farms.
This would give the peasants more profit

Question 23

What was Stolypin’s wager on the strong theory

Answer 23

He believed that if peasants became successful they would stop rebelling against the government

Question 24

What problems did Stolypins reform face

Answer 24

• There were many more applicants for the reform then the government was expecting
• Many of the peasants had their own piece of land but acted as if they were in a commune

Question 25

What were the causes of the Lena Goldfields Strike

Answer 25

1. Poor working conditions (Little pay, long days and dangerous)
2. Workers were forced to it rotten meat

Question 26

What were the events of the Lena Goldfields Strike

Answer 26

Workers went on strike, large protests demanded reform
Troops fired into the crowds killing 270 and injuring 25

Question 27

What were the consequences of the Lena Goldfields Strike

Answer 27

• Kick started huge protests all across russia
• Workers demanded 8 hour days and 30% more pay
• Made people realise that the Tsarist government weren’t effective

Question 28

Summarise potemkin Mutiny

Answer 28

• Sailors forced to eat rotten meat and were kept in bad conditions
• As a result they mutinied against the ship and gained control of it
• Became a symbol of revolution
• Ended up docking the ship in Romania