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Microbiology > Test 1 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Test 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Autotroph

A

Require carbon dioxide for a carbon source

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2
Q

Heterotroph

A

Require organic compounds for a carbon source

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3
Q

Chemotroph

A

Require energy from chemicals

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4
Q

Phototroph

A

Require energy from like

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5
Q

Obligate aerobe

A

Require oxygen to survive

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6
Q

Obligate anaerobe

A

Are killed by oxygen

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7
Q

Facultative anaerobe

A

Grow better with oxygen but can survive without it

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8
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobe

A

Unaffected by oxygen

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9
Q

Halophile

A

Live in salty environment

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10
Q

Psychrophile

A

Able to grow in low tempertures

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11
Q

Mesophile

A

Grow best in moderate temperatures

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12
Q

Thermophile

A

Grow best in hot temperatures

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13
Q

Hyperthermophile

A

Grow best in extremely hot temperatures

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14
Q

What are the requirements of life?

A

Reproduce, growth, responsiveness, metabolism, and cellular structure.

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15
Q

What are the basic cellular structures of a bacteria and what do they do?

A

Bacterial cell wall, flagellum, pili, Fimbriae, cytoplasmic membrane, endospore, and ribosomes.

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16
Q

Bacterial Cell wall

A

Protect bacterium from outside threats, provides shape and support

17
Q

Fimbriae

A

Ability to move and attach to objects

18
Q

Cytoplasmic membrane

A

Things in and out

19
Q

Endosportes

A

Defense strategy, help resist extreme temperatures and environments

20
Q

What is peptidoglycan? what’s its structure? what links the glycan chains together

A

Peptidoglycan is a mesh-like polymer of long polysaccharide chains connected by peptides. It’s made of two alternating sugars called NAG and NAM (N-acetylglucomannan and N-acetylmuramic acid). They are connected via amino acids.

21
Q

What is plasmid

A

It is a small molecule of DNA independent from chromosomes.

22
Q

What is biofilm? Why is it beneficial?

A

Biofilm is microbes that attach to things in complex communities. This provide a protection for the bacteria, along with allowing them to produce a protective layer.

23
Q

What are the three ways of uptake of dna by bacteria?

A

Transformation, transduction, conjugation

24
Q
A

Microbiology (3 decks)

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