Test 1 (urinary) Flashcards
Causes of nosocomial UTIs?
Catheters (poor insertion),
UTIs s/sx?
Freq, Urgency, dysuria, hematuria, pyuria, pain (perineal, suprapubic, flank, CVA)
Pyelonephritis s/x
CVA tenderness, fever, chills, n/v, pain (epigastrim, colicky)
Pyelonephritis Tx (drugs)
Bactrim/ septra, cephalosporin, quinolones, nitrofurantoin, pyridium (pain)
Pyelonephritis Tx:
fluids 2-3L/day, acidify urine (juice), no caffeine alcohol, void 2-3qh,
UTIs severe Tx:
Aminoglycosides (Garamycin), acetaminophen (fever), more fluids, pyridium (pain)
how do we prevent UTIs?
hydration, hygiene (peri area), void after sex, acidify urine (juice), avoid obstructions, neuro problems (Ms, Spinal), cholinergics (will make you pee)
Who is at risk for urinary retention?
neuro disease or injury, obstruction, bed rest, medication, dehydration.
Glomerulonephritis S/x
antigen complex destroys bm
fever, chills, weak, n/v, HTN, Periorbital edema, pain (Abd, flank) oliguria
Glomerulonephritis Dx:
GROSS proteinurea hematurea, cola colored, low serum protein, High BUN, Creatine, azotemia.
Glomerulonephritis Tx:
Cillin, bed rest (pressure off bm), Diet: low Na, low prot, high Cho, restrict K if needed. Diuretics: Edema, HTN. Antihypertensives, plasmaphoresis.
Glomerulonephritis N/c?
I/O, Edema, Bp, e-, BUN Creat (UA)
Nephrotic syndrome
Severee protein urea*
Nephrotic syndrome Tx:
corticosteroids, immunosupressants (cytoxan), Diet: low Na, low prot, High calorie. fluids, and replenish albumin. Diuretics aldosterone.
NS n/C
I/O abd girth, weight, Bp, anticoagulation (teach safety), bed rest.
Lithiasis-stones S/x
Pain/Colicky Flank, CVA, radiates groin, back, abdomen, testes. UTI s/s N/V. pallor, diaphoresis,
lithiasis Dx:
UA (hematourea, ph, crystals) Urine culture sensitivity, strain all urine KUB (xray)
cytoscopy,
Lithiasis Tx:
Almost 90% pass, Pain control, fluids 3/l/ day, strain urine, anti emetics, spasmodics, anticholingergics. warmth bath, moist heat (relax Pt)
