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Medical surgical nursing > Joan Review > Flashcards

Joan Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Polycystic kidney disease Nursing care:

A

Nursing care: ABx (prophylactic UTIs), Nephrectomy, Kidney transplant, Diet, Fluid restrictions, drug Anti-HTN

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2
Q

Corticosteroids do what?

A

HypoKalemia, Hyperglycemia, Osteoporosis, immune-suppression, GI upset, myopathy, Behavior changes, cataracts. FATTY PATIENTS

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3
Q

ARF: Management.

A

Remove the cause of obstruction (Ischemia, nephrotoxicity).

-Fluid and e- watch.

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4
Q

ARF: Oliguric phase

A

restrict fluids,
Dialysis, K+ watch (Kayexalate, insulin, HCO)
Dysrhythmias (Ca gluconate)

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5
Q

Diuretic Phase:ARF

A

I/O careful e- replacement PRN, watch weight, edema, BP

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6
Q

Monitoring phase: ARF

A

I/O, edema, weight gain, bp, edema, LOC, ECG,

UA: BUN/CreaT

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7
Q

Diet: ARF

A

Low Na, K, Phosphate, Low protein, high carb. high calorie.

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8
Q

Infection prevention: ARF

A

Check IV lines, WBC, and UTI andRespiratory infections,

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9
Q

Recovery phase Teaching: ARF

A

Diet, medication, renal impairment s/s malaise, oliguria, weakness, dark urine.

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10
Q

Lab values: K+

A

3.5-5.5
Hyper: tall t waves, v-fib, arrythmias, irritability

Hypo: depressed t waves, PVC, weakness, thirst

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11
Q

Perineal dialysis

A

perineal membrane is used as semiP for dialysis. Tenchoff catheter is used.

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12
Q

Perineal dialysis complications?

A

Peritinitis (abdominal pain, rigid, fever, N/V)
outflow, hernia, back problems.
Bleeding, respiratory problems, protein loss.
sclerosing peritinitis

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13
Q

Neutropenia Diet

A

No fresh fruit or vegetables. only well cooked foods. no under cooked meat. no salads, only pasteurized milk.

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14
Q

IVP.

A

Contrast the kidneys in IV, Check allergies Iodine/fish
Stop Glucophage 2-3 days before, use Mucomyst

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15
Q

Lab values: Sodium

A

135-145 Neuro problems
Hyper: Seizures, coma, thirst
Hypo: Confusion, convulsions, seizures, LOC

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16
Q

Lab values: Calcium

A

8.5-10.5 Muscular problems

Hyper: weak, lethargy, apathy
Hypo: numbness, tingling, twitching, convulsions.

17
Q

Spinal Chord Compressions

A

An Oncologic Emergency!

-s/s Pain in back, weakness, motor dysfunction. change in bowl and bladder function.

18
Q

Spinal chord compression Tx:?

A

corticosteroids, radiation, surgical de-compression.

19
Q

Kidney stones.

A

Pain, colicky, cramp in renal area*

Radiates to back abdomen and testes. UTI s.s, Hematuria, pallor, diaphoresis, N/V.

20
Q

Kidney stones Dx:

A

Strain all the urine, culture, UA cytoscope, KUB.

21
Q

SVC compression:

A

tumor obstructing SVC; distended neck, edema, HA, Seizures,

22
Q

SVC compression: Tx

A

Oxygen O2 elevate HOB,

Corticosteroids, diuretics, TPA clot buster.

23
Q

Glomerulonephritis s/s

A

Cola colored urine, periorbital edema, oliguria, pain abdominal, flank

24
Q

CRF: Hematological problems

A

Anemia (no epogen), RBC half life shorter, no clotting, bruising, bleeding = pallor fatigue, dyspenia

25
Q

Tumor Lysis syndrome: oncologic emergency

A

Rapid destruction of Tumor cells. Hyperurecemia, Hyperkalemia, Hyperphosphatemia hypocalcemia, e- problems
Renal problems, hydrate, watch e-

26
Q

Vincristine (Oncovin)

A

myelosuppression (Bonemarrow down) Neurotoxicity (paralysis, low motor, reflexes)
High dose = constipation.

27
Q

Radiation Brachytherapy: Temporary

A

Head, Neck, Lung cancer. large doses not radioactive

28
Q

Radiation Brachytherapy: Permanent

A

small seeds placed in tumor. prostate cancer.

29
Q

pyridium nonopioid analgesics USes:

A

pain, itching, urgency, frequency, burning

30
Q

Pyridium contraindicated

A

Renal failure, uremia, hepatitis, Glomerulonephritis.

31
Q

pyridium admin, side effects:

A

No crushing or chewing. orange pee, rash, anemia.

32
Q

how mush fluid do we give Pts with a nephrostomy tube?

A

keep high fluid intake. mucus in urine is normal.

33
Q

Nephrotoxic drugs:

A

Vancomycin, Garamycin gentamycin

34
Q

How to prevent UTI?

A

clean perineal area, cotton underwear, hydrate, void after sex, acidify urine, avoid obstructions, cholingergics.

35
Q

extravasation procedures

A 
leaking of chemo drug from IV.
stop the druge
aspirate the drug and blood
corticosteroids sub q or topically
ice pack.

Medical surgical nursing (3 decks)

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