Test 1 Terms and Definitions Flashcards
What is narcolepsy?
A chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain’s ability to control the sleep-wake cycle. Patients may feel rested after waking, but then feel very sleepy throughout much of the day
What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Life threatening reaction to antipsychotic drugs with symptoms that include high fever, stiffness of muscles, altered mental status (paranoid behavior), and autonomic dysfunction
What is serotonin syndrome?
Life threatening drug reaction where there is too much serotonin in the brain with
Mild symptoms: chills, diarrhea
Severe: muscle rigidity, fever, seizures, fatiality
What is Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome?
A syndrome that occurs with sudden termination of most antidepressant medications
What are the side effects of antidepressant discontinuation syndrome for SSRIs?
Dizziness
Headache
Dysphoria
GI upset
Sleep problems
Lethargy
Hyperarousal/anxiety
What are the side effects of antidepressant discontinuation syndrome for TCAs?
Hypersalivation
Diarrhea
Urinary urgency
Abdominal cramping
Sweating
What are the extrapyramidal side effects?
Dysonia
Akathisia
Psuedoparkinsonism
Tardive Dyskinesia
What is Dysonia?
Spasms of muscles of the tongue, face, neck, back and upper eyes
What is Akathisia?
Compulsive, restless movements, anxiousness and agitation
What is Psuedoparkinsonism?
Symptoms include bradykinesia, masked face, tremors, rigidity, shuffle, drooling and cogwheeling
What is tardive dyskinesia?
Inability to control facial movements that involve facial grimacing, sticking out of the tongue, sucking or fishlike movements of the mouth
What are delusions?
False beliefs not based in reality that are considered positive symptoms of schizophrenia
What is metabolic syndrome?
A cluster of problems such as high blood pressure, high blood glucose, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels that may lead to heart disease, stroke, and diabetes
What are the phases of schizophrenia?
Prodromal
Acute
Stabilization
Maintaince
What occurs during the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?
the onset of symptoms including magical thinking
What occurs during the acute phase of schizophrenia?
Exacerbation of symptoms
What occurs during the Stablization phase of schizophrenia?
symptoms diminish and move towards previous level of functioning
What occurs during the maintenance (or residual) phase of schizophrenia?
New baseline of functioning is established
What are the positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations
Delusions
Paranoia
Altered thinking behavior and Speech
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia treated with?
Dopamine receptor antagonists
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
anhedonia
avolition
social withdrawl
What is anhedonia?
Loss of ability to feel pleasure
What is avolition?
A total lack of motivation that makes it hard to get anything done
What are the cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia?
Disorganized thinking, memory, attention, judgement, problem-solving
What are the affective symptoms of schizophrenia?
emotions, expression (often diminished)
What is AIMS testing? What does it stand for?
The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale is used to identify, monitor, and assess involuntary movement of facial/oral, extremities, trunk, global judgement (distress) and dental involvement
What are the types of restraints?
Chemical or physical
What are the policies that govern restraints?
1-Must assess every 15-30 minutes
2-Requires WRITTEN rx, and must be placed within 30 minutes of emergency use
3-Renewed every 24 hours
4-D/C when client is exhibiting behavior that is safer
5-New RX required is restraints are reapplied
What is a tort?
A civil wrongdoing, in which monetary damages can potentially be awarded to the plantiff, collected from the defendant
What are intentional torts?
False imprisonment
Assault
Battery
What is considered a false imprisonment tort?
Confining a client using verbal, physical or chemical restraints when NOT part of the treatment plan
What is considered a assault tort?
Making a threat to a client that can include approaching the client in a threatening way
What is considered a battery tort?
Touching a client in a harmful or offensive way; including giving injection against client’s will/permission
What are the unintentional torts?
Negligence
Malpractice
What is considered a negligence tort?
failing to provide adequate care in a personal or professional situation when one has an obligation to do so
What is considered a malpractice tort?
Professional negligence; most would not have done
What are the criteria for inpatient mental health care?
-Reserved for those who are risk to self or others
-May not be physical risk
-Entry to acute inpatient care
What is considered outpatient mental health care?
Primary care providers that are often the first point of contact that treat stable/uncomplicated psychiatric problems
What is assertive community treatment for mental health?
Focuses on chronically mentally ill who may not be compliant that has an RN who usually visits 3-5 times per week in an attempt to reduce inpatient psychiatric resources
What are partial hospitilization programs for mental health?
Programs held 4-6 hours daily that include medication management, therapy, and case management
What is primary prevention?
Actions taken to prevent the disease/illness from ever occuring (education)
What is secondary prevention?
Actions taken to detect disease/illness in early stages, implementation of treatment (screenings)
What is tertiary prevention?
Reduce effects of disease/illness, prevention from advancing complications (Consults)
What are the steps in Milieu Therapy?
1-Orient client to physical setting
2-Identify rules/boundaries
3-Ensure safe enviroment
4-Assisting client to participate in appropriate activities
What does the HOPE assessment stand for?
H-Source of hope
O-Organized religon
P-Personal Spirituality
E-Effects on Care
What is informal admission to a psychiatric facility?
Least restrictive
Pt does not pose a threat to themselves or others
May leave freely
What is Voluntary admission to a psychiatric facility?
Patient or guardian request treatment
May refuse treatments. however a physican can elevate them to involuntary commitment
What are the requirements for involuntary commitment to a psychiatric facility?
Commitment without pt’s consent (usually 24-96 hours)
Pt needs to be:
-Mentally ill
-Danger to themselves or others
-Unable to acquire basic necessities
-Requires psychiatric and legal review
-Requires 2 physicians
What are the 6 patient’s rights?
Right to:
Treatment
Refuse treatment
Informed consent
Regarding involuntary commitment
Regarding restraints/seclusion
Confidentiality
What are the exception to the 6 patient rights?
Duty to warn and protect third parties
Child and elder abuse reporting status
What is beneficence?
The quality of doing good, can be described as charity
What is autonomy?
Right to make one’s own decisons, however the pt must accept the consequences of those decisions/respect the decisions of others
What is justice?
fair and equal treatment for all
What is fidelity?
Loyal and faithfulness to the client and to one’s duty
What is veracity?
honestly when dealing with a client
What are the steps in a suicide inquiry?
Ask:
Ideation-when, frequency, intensity, duration
Plan-How lethal? Means? Preparation?
Intent
What are the nonpharmacological interventions for depressive disorders?
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
What are the protective factors for suicide?
Cultural, spiritual beliefs
Stable relationships
Access to care
Social support
Coping skills
