TEST 1 - TERMS Flashcards
The abbreviation for the formal organization considered the leader in the classification of nursing diagnoses.
NANDA
An ongoing part of the nursing process and drug therapy, done consistently to monitor the client’s response to a drug.
EVALUATION
Initiation and completion of the nursing care plan occur during this phase.
IMPLEMENTATION
During this phase, subjective and objective data on the client, drug, or environment are collected.
ASSESSMENT
THIS is formulated when the nurse analyzes assessment information.
NURSING DIAGNOSIS
goals and outcome criteria are specified during this phase
PLANNING
An organizational framework for the practice of nursing.
NURSING PROCESS
Also known as the proprietary name of a drug
TRADE NAME
The length of time over which a drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response
DURATION
The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response.
PEAK EFFECT
The time it takes for a drug to elicit a therapeutic response.
ONSET OF ACTION
A physiological or psychological need for a drug.
DEPENDENCE
A drug interaction that occurs when two drugs with similar actions are given together.
ADDITIVE
These drug effects result in structural defects in the fetus.
TERATOGENIC
These drug effects are permanent changes in the genetic composition of living organisms.
MUTAGENIC
These drug effects cause cancer.
CARCINOGENIC
Drug therapy used for the treatment of chronic illnesses.
MAINTENANCE THERAPY
Therapy that is used to make a client as comfortable as possible, and often used in the end stage of an illness.
PALLIATIVE
A genetically determined abnormal response to ordinary doses of a drug.
IDIOSYNCRATIC
The initial metabolism in the liver of a drug that is absorbed from the GI tract, before the drug reaches systemic circulation through the bloodstream.
FIRST-PASS EFFECT
Drugs that are available to consumers without a prescription.
OVER THE COUNTER
Canada’s federal legislation for publicly funded healthcare insurance.
CANADA HEALTH ACT
Application to the Therapeutic Products Directorate for a new drug.
NEW DRUG SUBMISSION
Allows drugs currently unavailable for sale to be made available under special conditions.
SPECIAL ACCESS
Placed on the label of prescription and over-the-counter drug products that have been evaluated and approved for sale by the Therapeutic Products Directorate.
DRUG IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
Required prior to selling a product by prescription to ensure that the drug and manufacturing process are safe and effective.
NOTICE OF COMPLIANCE
An inactive or inert substance that may be used in experimental studies.
PLACEBO
Allows pharmaceutical companies intellectual property rights and a time frame during which drugs can be marketed without competition from generic drugs.
PATENT ACT
A drug not approved for marketing by Health Canada but available for use in studies to determine its safety and efficacy.
INVESTIGATIONAL NEW DRUG
Makes it a criminal act to possess, traffic, produce, import, or export controlled substances.
CONTROLLED DRUG AND SUBSTANCE ACT
The main piece of drug legislation in Canada.
FOOD AND DRUG ACT
The doing or active promotion of good.
BENEFICENCE
The duty to do no harm to a client.
NON-MALIFICENCE
Variation in response to a drug because of a client’s age, sex, size, or body composition.
DRUG POLYMORPHISM
Any preventable adverse drug event involving inappropriate medication use by a client or healthcare professional; may or may not cause client harm.
MEDICATION ERROR
An injury caused by a medication or failure to administer an intended medication. It may or may not be preventable (i.e., due to error) and may or may not cause client harm.
ADVERSE DRUG EVENT
Any unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a medication. It may or may not be preventable (i.e., due to error) and may or may not cause client harm.
ADVERSE DRUG REACTION
Any undesirable effect of a medication that is expected or anticipated to occur in a predictable percentage of the population of clients who receive a given medication.
SIDE EFFECT
Any chemical that affects the physiological processes of a living organism
DRUG
The study or science of drugs
PHARMACOLOGY
Describes the drug’s chemical composition and molecular structure
CHEMICAL NAME
Name given by Health Canada under the Food and Drugs Act and Food and Drug Regulations
GENERIC NAME
The drug has a registered trademark; use of the name restricted by the drug’s patent owner (usually the manufacturer)
TRADE NAME
The study of how various drug forms influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activities
PHARMACEUTICS
The study of what the body does to the drug
PHARMACOKINETICS
The study of what the drug does to the body
PHARMACODYNAMICS
The use of drugs and the clinical indications for drugs to prevent and treat diseases
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
The study of natural (plant and animal) drug sources
PHARMACOGNOSY
The rate at which a drug leaves its site of administration
ABSORPTION
Drug is absorbed into the systemic circulation through the oral or gastric mucosa, the small intestine, or rectum (oral, sublingual, buccal, rectal)
ENTERAL
- Intravenous (fastest delivery into the blood circulation)
- Intramuscular
- Subcutaneous
- Intradermal, intrathecal, and intraarticular
PARENTERAL
- Skin (including transdermal patches)
- Eyes, Ears, Nose
- Lungs (inhalation)
- Vagina
TOPICAL
The metabolism of a drug and its passage from the liver into the circulation
FIRST-PASS EFFECT
The transport of a drug in the body by the bloodstream to its site of action
DISTRIBUTION
The biological transformation of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, or a more potent metabolite
BIOTRANSFORMATION OR METABOLISM
The elimination of drugs from the body
EXCRETION
The time it takes for one half of the original amount of a drug in the body to be removed
HALF-LIFE
A measure of the rate at which drugs are removed from the body
HALF-LIFE
The time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response
ONSET
The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response
PEAK
The time a drug concentration is sufficient to elicit a therapeutic response
DURATION
The cellular processes involved in the drug and cell interaction
DRUG ACTIONS
The physiological reaction of the body to the drug
DRUG EFFECT
Unintentional adverse effects that are treatment induced
IATROGENIC REACTION
The study of poisons and unwanted responses to therapeutic agents
TOXICOLOGY
_____________ therapy often involves more intensive drug therapy and is implemented in the acutely ill (those with a rapid onset of illness) or even the critically ill. It is often needed to sustain life or treat disease.
Acute
______________ therapy typically does not eradicate problems the patient may have but does prevent progression of a disease or condition. It is used for the treatment of chronic illnesses such as hypertension.
Maintenance
________________ or replacement therapy supplies the body with a substance needed to maintain normal function. This substance may be needed because it either cannot be made by the body or is produced in insufficient quantity
Supplemental
The goal of _____________ therapy is to make the patient as comfortable as possible. It is typically used in the end stages of an illness when all attempts at curative therapy have failed.
palliative
_______________ therapy maintains the integrity of body functions while the patient is recovering from illness or trauma.
Supportive
_______________ therapy is drug therapy provided to prevent illness or other undesirable outcome.
Prophylactic
_______________ therapy does not have a scientific basis but instead is based on experience.
empiric
_____________ therapy the administration of a drug when a certain pathological process is suspected, based on the patient’s symptoms, because the drug has been found in the past to be beneficial in such cases.
empiric
