Test 1 Review (week 1-4)

Question 1

2 main components of X-ray film

Answer 1

Emulsion (silver halide grain) - records x-ray image
Base - plastic support which emulsion is coated

Question 2

Function of Vehicle matrix

Answer 2

Suspends halide grains, absorbs processing solutions, protects film from damage (scratching, contamination, pressure)

Question 3

(5) parts of film (front to back)

Answer 3

Inner paper, dental film, inner paper wrap, led foil backing, outer package

Question 4

Sized of periapical

Answer 4

Occlusal film (largest), size 0 (small children), size 1 (anterior teeth adult), size 2 (posterior teeth adult)

Question 5

Intensifying screen

Answer 5

Phosphor fluoresce emit light when exposed to X-ray
More sensitive to x-ray film alone (less radiation)

Question 6

Composition of intensifying screens

Answer 6

Base (supportive, reflective), phosphor layer (absorb), protective polymeric coat (protection)

Question 7

Factors affect the speed and resolution of Intensifying screen

Answer 7

Phosphor crystals increased size
Increased thickness of phosphor layer (decreased resolution)
Presence of reflective coating (decreases resolution)

Question 8

Periapical radiograph (intraoral)
Purpose and view

Answer 8

• Record images of teeth (outlines, portions, démentions) and supporting structures (trabecular bone, lamina dura, periodontal membrane space)
• entire length of teeth plus 3-4mm of supporting tissue beyond the root.
• used ti interrupt normal anatomy and pathology of root and surrounding structures

Question 9

Bite wing (intraoral)
Purpose and view

Answer 9

• images of crowns and inter-proximal regions of max and man teeth on same film
• limited to 1/3 if teeth and related structures
• purpose to direct cavities

Question 10

Occlusal radiographs (intraoral)

Answer 10

Images an entire arch (plate or tongue)

Question 11

Panorex (extraoral)

Answer 11

Jaw to jaw of teeth (all teeth in one frame), straight on

Question 12

Cephalometric film (extraoral)

Answer 12

Side of head (whole head), side of teeth, jaw lines up

Question 13

PD length and exposure time for bisecting and paralleling

Answer 13

Bisecting uses short PID
paralleling uses long PID

Question 14

VA

Answer 14

Length of teeth is reproduced
Foreshadowing- shorter (too much VA)
Elongation - longer (too little VA)

Question 15

HA

Answer 15

Proximal surfaces of adjacent teeth, placed direct central beam along axis of tooth or through contacts of teeth
Overlapping- too distal

Question 16

Bite wing placement

Answer 16

2 film in mouth, VA is 8(short), 10(long), HA is parallel to facial surfaces

Question 17

Intraoral head positions for max and man

Answer 17

Max - tragus to nose parallel to floor
Man - corner of mouth ti tragus parallel to floor

Question 18

Penumbra definition

Answer 18

Area of un sharpness

Question 19

Focal spot

Answer 19

X-rays should be emitted from smallest focal spot
Focal spot distance should be increased

Question 20

Object to film distance

Answer 20

Minimize distance between the object to the film

Question 21

Paralleling technique

Answer 21

Long axis of the tooth and the Face ID the cone should be parallel

Question 22

Bisecting technique

Answer 22

Central ray should be perpendicular to the film and long axis of the tooth

Question 23

Focal spot to film distance

Answer 23

Long as possible

Question 24

Long cone used for:

Answer 24

Paralleling

Question 25

Short cone is used for

Answer 25

Bisecting

Question 26

Foreshadowing

Answer 26

Too steep of VA, reduce VA

Question 27

Elongation

Answer 27

Too short of VA, increase VA

Question 28

Film bending

Answer 28

Looks like elongation