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Theoretical Perio > Test 1 Outline > Flashcards

Test 1 Outline Flashcards

1
Q

Attached gingiva is the distance from the ____ to the ____ MINUS the ____

A

Mucogingival junction
Gingival margin
Sulcus depth

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2
Q

The widest AG on the FACIAL aspect of the Maxilla is found with the ____

A

Incisors

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3
Q

The narrowest AG on the FACIAL aspect of the Maxilla is found with the ____

A

Premolars

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4
Q

The widest AG on the FACIAL aspect of the Mandible is found with the ____

A

Incisors

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5
Q

The narrowest AG on the FACIAL aspect of the Mandible is found with the ____

A

Premolars

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6
Q

The widest AG on the LINGUAL aspect of the Mandible is found with the ____

A

Molars

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7
Q

The narrowest AG on the LINGUAL aspect of the Mandible is found with the ____

A

Incisors

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8
Q

A mucogingival defect is found when there is ____

A

1mm of less of AG

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9
Q

Keratinized gingiva (KG) = ____ + ____

A

Marginal gingiva

Attached gingiva

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10
Q

The Mucogingival junction is the point at which the ____ meets ____

A

Keratinized epithelium

Non-keratinized epithelium

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11
Q

The hard palate ____ mucogingival junction

A

Has NO

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12
Q

The attachment tissue layers proceed as:

A 
TIJEC
Tooth
Internal basal lamina (LD+LL)
Junctional epithelium
External basa lamina
Connective tissue
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13
Q

The External basal lamina is continuous with the ____

A

Sulcular epithelium

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14
Q

Biological width is the ____, and is always ____mm

A

Combination of JE and CT attachment

2mm

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15
Q

The most numerous fibers of the PDL are the ____ fibers which constitute the ____ of the tooth

A

Oblique

Main supply

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16
Q

Cellular cementum forms ____ and is arranged ____

A

After the tooth reaches the occlusal plane

Parallel to the root surface or randomly

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17
Q

The inorganic content of cementum is ____%

A

(40-50%)
Bone = 65-70%
Dentin = 75%
Enamel = 97%

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18
Q

The most common relationship of the CEJ is ____

A

Cementum OVERLAPPING Enamel (60-65% of cases)

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19
Q

Alveolar bone is formed by ____ ossification

A

Intramembranous

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20
Q

In physiologic architecture of alveolar bone, the bone is ____

A

Taller interproximally than it is on buccal or lingual surfaces

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21
Q

In reverse architecture of alveolar bone, the bone is ____

A

Lower interproximally than it is on buccal or lingual surfaces

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22
Q

____ is a V-shaped bone defect

A

Dehiscence

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23
Q

The nerve supply to the periodontium is via the ____

A

Trigeminal nerve

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24
Q

The lymphatic drainage of the Tonsils and Posterior tongue goes to the ____ lymph node

A

Jugulodigastric

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25
Q

The lymphatic drainage of the Mandibular incisors and Gingiva goes to the ____ lymph node

A

Submental

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26
Q

The lymphatic drainage of the Periodontium goes to the ____ lymph node

A

Submandibular

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27
Q

Age changes to the periodontium include:

A 
Decreased keratinization
Decreases CT cellularity
Decreased rate of collagen synthesis
Thinning of the epithelium
Thicker Cementum
Increased intercellular substance
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28
Q

____ is the wearing away by a force other than mastication

A

Abrasion

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29
Q

____ is the loss of tooth structure by a chemical process

A

Erosion

30
Q

____ is the wearing away of tooth structure due to mastication

A

Attrition

31
Q

Periodontitis becomes ____ prevalent with increasing age

A

More

32
Q

Gingivitis causes no ____ and no ____

A

Bone loss

Attachment loss

33
Q

In stage IV (Periodontitis), disease extends into the ____ and ____ with a greater presence of ____ cells

A

PDL
Alveolar bone
PLASMA

34
Q

The earliest signs of gingivitis occur in the ____

A

Interdental papillae

35
Q

Gingival bleeding is associated with:

A 
Hemorrhagic diseases
Vascular abnormalities
Platelet disorders
Hypoprothrombinemia
Coagulation defects
Multiple myeloma
Postrubella purpura
Use of Aspirin
36
Q

Redness in gingivitis is attributable to ____ and ____

A

Increased vascularization

Increased keratinization

37
Q

Periodontitis can be a manifestation of these systemic diseases:

A 
AIDS
Diabetes
Down's Syndrome
Cyclic Neutropenia
Papillon Lefevre
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndrome
38
Q

NUG is characterized by “PIG” which stands for:

A

Pain
Interdental cratering
Gingival bleeding

39
Q

The first clinical sign of Leukemia is ____

A

Bleeding gums

40
Q

Gingival overgrowth can be ____ or caused by ____

A

Drug-induced (Dilantin, Cyclosporins, Nifedipine)

Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis

41
Q

The source of Supracalculus (C1) mineral ions is ____

A

Saliva (whiter, softer, more localized)

42
Q

The source of Subcalculus (C2) mineral ions is ____

A

Serum (darker, harder, more generalized)

43
Q

The inorganic component of calculus is made up of ____% inorganic salts

A

80% (Calcium and Phosphorus)

Hydroxyapatite

44
Q

The primary etiologic cause of periodontitis is ____

A

Plaque / Bacteria

45
Q

Characteristics of Periodontitis include:

A

Destruction of gingival and periodontal fibers
Being cyclic in nature
Site specificity
Progression directly related to mass and composition of flora

46
Q

Attachment loss with recession = ____ + ____

A

Gingival recession

Probing depth

47
Q

Attachment loss with NO recession = ____ - ____

A

Probing depth

Distance from Free margin to CEJ

48
Q

A Suprabony pocket constitutes ____ bone loss

A

Horizontal

Base of pocket is CORONAL to the alveolar crest

49
Q

An Infrabony pocket constitutes ____ bone loss

A

Vertical

Base of pocket is APICAL to the alveolar crest

50
Q

A Pulp Test in Endo is ____, whereas in Perio is ____

A

Non-vital

Vital

51
Q

Periodontal pockets in Endo are ____, whereas in Perio are ____

A

Narrow, Isolated

Wide

52
Q

Bone loss results from ____, _____, or a combination of the two

A

Increased resorption

Decreased formation

53
Q

The mechanisms in which plaque and inflammation cause bone loss include:

A

Inflammation and microbial factors (endotoxin, lipoteichoic acid)

54
Q

One is more likely to see dehiscence or fenestration in ____ periodontium, while in ____ periodontium an intrabony defect is more likely

A

Thin

Thick

55
Q

Incidence is the number of defects that occur ____

A

Over a period of time

56
Q

Prevalence is the number of defects ____

A

At a certain point in time

57
Q

Mean attachment loss is Males = ____

Mean attachment loss is Females = ____

A
  1. 04mm

1. 80mm

58
Q

____% of U.S. Adults have gingival bleeding

A

50%

59
Q

____% of U.S. Adults have periodontitis

A

35%

60
Q

____% of the Population is at risk for severe periodontitis

A

10-20%

61
Q

How is the O’Leary Plaque Record scored?

A

(Number of sites with plaque) DIVIDED BY the (Number of teeth OVER 4)

62
Q 
Gingival Index scores of 
0 = 
1 = 
2 = 
3 =
A 
0 = Normal
1 = Mild inflammation (NO BLEEDING)
2 = Moderate inflammation (Bleeding on probing)
3 = Severe inflammation (Bleeding can be spontaneous)
63
Q 
Miller mobility index of
0 = 
1 = 
2 = 
3 =
A 
Miller mobility index of
0 = No movement
1 = Barely detectable movement
2 = Crown moves up to 1mm
3 = Crown move more than 1mm
64
Q

GCF is a(n) ____ exudate with ____ as the predominant immunoglobulin

A

Inflammatory

IgG

65
Q

Macrophages produce:

A 
Collagenase
IL-1 (Activates osteoclasts)
IL-6
IL-8
IL-20
IL-13
PGE2 (Activates osteoclasts)
66
Q

C3a:
C3b:
C5a:

A

C3a: Increases vascular permeability
C3b: Opsonization
C5a: Increases vascular permeability

67
Q

Macrophages can be activated by:

A 
LPD
IL-1
IL-6
TNF-a
TNF-B
68
Q

In vitro bone resorption factors:

A 
LPS
Lipoteichoic acids (of Gram+)
Muramyl dipeptides (of Gram+)
PGE2
IL-1B
IL-6
TNF-a
69
Q

____% of subjects aged 30 and older have periodontitis

A

47%

70
Q

____% of Adults 65 and older have either moderate or severe periodontitis

A

64%

71
Q

Periodontitis prevalence is HIGHEST amongst ____ and ____

A

Adults with less than a high school education

Adults below 100% federal poverty level

Theoretical Perio (7 decks)

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