Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Theoretical Perio > Chapter 5 & 9 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 & 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibits bacterial adherence and Promotes agglutination:

A

Salivary IgA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Necrosis and sloughing of gingival tissue:

A

“NUG” Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Outer membrane of Gram (-) organisms
Endotoxins
Elicit strong immune responses

A

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS):

- Recognized by TLR4/CD14/MD-2 complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bacterial evasion of host responses

A

Inhibition of Neutrophils
Production of IgA and IgG proteases
Cytotoxic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Inhibition of Neutrophils occurs via:

A 
Leukotoxin production
Chemotaxis inhibitors
Impairment of PMN adherence and phagocytosis
Inhibition of Oxygen radical activity
Inhibition of Lysosomal degranulation
Degradation of Lactoferrin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Indirect injury by plaque microorganisms occurs via:

A

Endogenous mediators of inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Endogenous mediators of inflammation include:

A 
Cytokines
Vasoactive amines
Plasma proteases
Neutral proteases
Arachidonic acid metabolites
Oxygen-derived metabolites
Lysosomal acid hydrolases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ag/Ab complexes:

A

Inactivate toxins

Activate complement-mediated bacteriolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T cell functions include:

A

Cytotoxic(ity)
helper T cell (assist T and B cell response to Ag)
suppressor T cell (for T and B cells)
Lymphokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Macrophage functions include

A

Processing and presenting Ag to lymphocytes

Producing: Collagenase, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, PGE2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

IL-1 Functions include:

A 
Promoting T cell helper function
Inhibiting T cell suppressor function
Promoting B cell maturation
Activating Macrophages to produce PGE2
Activating Osteoclasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PGE2 Functions include:

A

Vasoactivity
Edema, pain, fever
Neutrophil and Monocyte chemotaxis
Osteoclast activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Microorganisms may cause periodontal disease ____ by stimulating a host response or ____ via the production of bacterial toxins

A

Indirectly

Directly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Periodontal disease can result from an ____, ____ or a combination of the two

A

Inadequate host response

The presence of virulent microorganisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The host response may be both ____ and ____

A

Protective

Destructive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ig_ is the predominant immunoglobulin of GCF

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

IgG in GCF can ____ and ____ of bacteria to oral surfaces

A

Inhibit colonization

Adherence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

____ and ____ reduce bacterial load via phagocytosis

A

Neutrophils

Macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Lyzozyme ____

A

Breaks bacterial cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Lactoperoxidase ____

A

Oxidizes susceptible bacteria

Is Bactericidal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lactoferrin ____

A

Binds iron

Prevents growth of some microorganisms

22
Q

sIgA ____

A

Helps prevent plaque adherence

23
Q

Biochemical mediators of the inflammatory response in gingivitis include:

A

Histamine

Serotonin

24
Q

C3b

A

Induction of Macrophage secretion
Induction of Cytokine production
Opsonization of microorganisms for phagocytosis
Stimulation of leukocyte oxidative metabolism
Increases vascular permeability (via histamine)

25
Q

C5a

A 
Activation of Neutrophil degranulation
Activation of Mast cell degranulation
Leukocyte chemotaxis
Stimulation of leukocyte oxidative metabolism
Increases vascular permeability
26
Q

Cyclic Neutropenia

A

1-2 days where Neutrophils are not produced
Chronically sick
Can present with periodontitis
Chlorhexidine + Frequent visits

27
Q

Drug-induced agranulocytosis

A

Fewer than 100 PMNs/um

Drugs = NSAIDs, Acetaminophen, Penicillin, Anticonvulsants

28
Q

Neutrophil disorders resulting from decreased NUMBER

A

Cyclic Neutropenia

Drug-induced agranulocytosis

29
Q

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

A

Rare
Autosomal recessive
Neutrophils contain abnormal, giant lysosomes
Decreased: Chemotaxis, Degranulation, and Microbicidal activity

30
Q

Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome

A

Rare
Distinct thickening of hands and feet
Decreased: Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis

31
Q

Down’s syndrome

A

Decreased PMN chemotaxis and Phagocytosis

32
Q

Leukocyte-adhesion deficiency

A

Very rare
Neutrophils cannot marginate/emigrate
Impaired phagocytosis

33
Q

Neutrophil disorders resulting from decreased FUNCTION

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome
Down’s syndrome
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

34
Q

Bone resorptive cytokines include ____, ____, and ____

A

IL-1
IL-6
TNF

35
Q

PGE2

A

Fatty acid derivative of AA
Associated with bone resorption
Key player in fever and periodontitis

36
Q

Prostaglandins roles in inflammation include

A

Vasodilation mediation
Synergism with histamine and bradykinin to increase vascular permeability
Modulation of T lymphocyte functions including inhibition of cytokine production
Stimulation of osteoclastic bone resorption

37
Q

The three major bacteria involved in periodontitis are:

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Porphymonas gingivalis
Tannerella forsythia

38
Q

Endotoxin (LPS):

A

Can stimulate Macrophages to release IL-1 and IL-6
Can stimulate bone resorption directly
Can activate alternate pathway of complement activation

39
Q

Hyaluronidase:

A

Increases gingival permeability causing apical migration of the junctional epithelium forming recession/pockets

40
Q

Phospholipase A:

A

Releases AA from cell membranes leading to PGE2 formation

41
Q

A. actinomycetemcomitans:

A

Destruction of PMNs
Inhibition of Oxygen radical activity (with P. Gingivalis)
Activation of T suppressor cells

42
Q

P. gingivalis:

A

Impairment of PMN adherence and phagocytosis
Inhibition of Oxygen radical activity
Degradation of lactoferrin

43
Q

Leukotoxin:

A

Kills Neutrophils and Monocytes

44
Q

Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) primarily affects ____ and ____

A

First molars

Incisors

45
Q

75% of LAP patients exhibit a ____

A

Neutrophil chemotactic defect

46
Q

LAP is associated with ____

A

A. actinomycetemcomitans

Increased antibody levels to A. actinomycetemcomitans are found in serum, GCF, and saliva

47
Q

Generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) is associated with ____

A

P. gingivalis

Increased antibody levels to P. gingivalis are found in serum, GCF, and saliva

48
Q

GAP patients have a ____

A

Neutrophil or monocyte chemotactic defect

49
Q

Linear gingival erythema =

A

A distinct form of gingival inflammation characterized by fiery red gingiva and edema in the attached gingiva which may extend beyond the mucogingival junction

50
Q

Environmental and Acquired risk factors for Periodontal disease include:

A

Smoking, Diabetes, Xerostomia, Dilantin (gingival overgrowth), Calcium channel blockers (gingival overgrowth), Poor oral hygiene, Leukocyte depression/Acquired immune defects, Vitamin deficiency (C, D, Calcium), Osteoporosis, Stress (immunosuppression), Aging, Education

Theoretical Perio (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions