Test 1 (Lectures 1-5)

Question 1

What is included in a research process (6)?

Answer 1

Research question, hypothesis, methodology, collect data, analyze data, interpret data

Question 2

Why do we use statistics?

Answer 2

We use statistics to eliminate our biases.

Question 3

What are the purposes of research?

Answer 3

The purposes of research are to explore, to describe and to explain.

Question 4

What are the levels of measurement (4)?

Answer 4

Nominal, true ordinal, ordinal treated as interval, and interval.

Question 5

Which level of measurement does not have ranking?

Answer 5

Nominal

Question 6

What level of measurement is a ranking?

Answer 6

True ordinal

Question 7

What level of measurement is a list?

Answer 7

Nominal

Question 8

What level of measurement is a scale?

Answer 8

Ordinal treated as interval

Question 9

What level of measurement is a real number?

Answer 9

Interval

Question 10

In a frequency distribution table, where does “other” go?

Answer 10

Last

Question 11

What is relative frequency?

Answer 11

Relative frequency is frequency/sample (f/n)

Question 12

How is percentage calculated?

Answer 12

Rf x 100 = %

Question 13

How is class interval calculated?

Answer 13

The class interval = range/desired # of categories

Question 14

Name 4 types of graphs.

Answer 14

Bar graph, histogram, pie chart and frequency polygon.

Question 15

What level of measurement can a pie graph be used for?

Answer 15

Nominal

Question 16

What levels of measurement can a bar graph be used for?

Answer 16

Nominal and true ordinal

Question 17

What levels of measurement can a histogram be used for?

Answer 17

Ordinal treated as interval & interval (quantitative)

Question 18

What levels of measurement can a frequency polygon be used for?

Answer 18

Ordinal treated as interval & interval

Question 19

What levels of measurement can a stem & leaf plot be used for?

Answer 19

Interval

Question 20

How many categories can a pie chart go up to?

Answer 20

Max 5 categories

Question 21

In a bar graph, can categories be rearranged?

Answer 21

Yes

Question 22

What are the measures of central tendency (5)?

Answer 22

Mean, median, mode, 5-number summary, and box-plot

Question 23

If there are several modes, it is called ___. If there are two modes, it is called ___.

Answer 23

Unimodal and bimodal

Question 24

Right-skewed data is when…

Answer 24

The mean is greater than the median - the mean has been pulled because of high-valued outliers

Question 25

Left-skewed data is when…

Answer 25

The mean is smaller than the median - the mean has been pulled because of low-valued outliers

Question 26

What does the 5-number summary include?

Answer 26

The 5-number summary includes:

Min, max, Q1, median and Q3

Question 27

Standard deviation is how spread out data is in relation to the…

Answer 27

How spread out data is in relation to the mean.

Question 28

μ means?

Answer 28

μ is the mean of a population

Question 29

σ means?

Answer 29

σ is the standard deviation of a population

Question 30

x̅ means?

Answer 30

x̅ is the mean of a sample

Question 31

s means?

Answer 31

s is the standard deviation of a sample

Question 32

What are the non-probability qualitative sampling methods (4)?

Answer 32

Convenience sampling, Quota sampling, Purposive sampling & Snowball sampling

Question 33

Research ethics towards participants (4)?

Answer 33

No harm, voluntary, informed consent, privacy, anonymity

Question 34

Z score is…

Answer 34

Z score is the standard deviation from the mean