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N 5245 Cell Biology > Test #1: Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Test #1: Lecture 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the specialized cellular functions of metabolic absorption in the kidney?

A
  1. filter
  2. absorb
  3. excrete
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2
Q

Without mitochontrondia what is the process to generate ATP?

A

Endosymbiosis through a prokaryotic cell

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3
Q

What does a eukaryotic cell not have in comparison with a prokaryotic cell?

A

Cell wall is present in a prokaryotic cell.

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4
Q

What protects a bacteria cell?

A

Glycocalyx

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5
Q

What is the target of a cell for mold on eukaryotic cells?

A

Ribosomes

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6
Q

What is the problem of killing fungus?

A

Fungus is a eukaryotic cell, which means as you kill it you also kill host cells

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7
Q

Where does transcription take place?

A

Nucleus

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8
Q

Where does translation take place?

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)

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9
Q

What is the primary source of smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum)?

A

Liver

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10
Q

What is smooth ER in the liver?

A

Lipid metabolism/detoxification takes place here

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11
Q

Lysosome

A

Immune system role

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12
Q

Lyso

A

breakdown

or cell phagocytosis

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13
Q

What type of envelope surrounds a nucleus?

A

2 bilayer (double-membrane)

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14
Q

What substance permeates the nuclear envelope with ease?

A

Steroid goes right into a cell membrane

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15
Q

What cannot pass into the nucleus of a cell?

A

Water soluble

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16
Q

What comes out of the nucleus?

A

mRNA

17
Q

What is the primary function of rough ER?

A

Protein synthesis

*protein folding and ER stress/inflammation

18
Q

What are the functions of smooth ER?

A
  1. detoxification/lipid metabolism

2. Steroid hormone synthesis

19
Q

What are some key features of the Golgi complex?

A
  1. Secretory vesicles
  2. Cisternae

*flat sacs with a receiving (from the ER) & exiting side

20
Q

What are the functions of the Golgi complex?

A

REFINING PLANT = directs traffic

PSR (processes, secretes, & releases)

21
Q

What all passes through the Golgi Complex?

A

Lipids, proteins, glycoproteins, lysosomal enzymes

22
Q

What are the functions of lysosomes?

A

Intracellular digestion b/c lysosomes are acidic and DIGEST

23
Q

What functions do lysosomes play with cellular components?

A

Degradation & recycling of cellular components

can even breakdown mitochondria

24
Q

What process do lysosomes kill bacteria?

A

Phagocytosis through endocytosis (once engulfed, they present it on cell surface to promote antigen presentation)

25
Q

What are two examples of lysosomal storage diseases?

A
  1. Pompe disease

2. Tay-Sachs disease

26
Q

What is the target of Pompe disease?

A

Carbohydrate

27
Q

What is the target of Tay-Sachs disease?

A

Lipid

28
Q

What is the structure of the mitochondria?

A

surrounded double membrane (inner/outer)

29
Q

Where is the mitochondria embryonically received?

A

Maternal

30
Q

How is the inner membrane surface area of mitochondria provided?

A

Cristae

31
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Aerobic cellular respiration

32
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton of a cell?

A

Permits movement of substances via:

  1. Microtubules
  2. Microfilaments (Actin)
33
Q

How does Taxol affect the microtubules/microfilaments?

A

Causes mitotic arrest* STOPS*

34
Q

How do anesthetic drugs affect the microtubules/microfilaments?

A

Bind to tubulin proteins

35
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A
  1. Selective transport system
  2. Cell-to-cell communication (carbohydrates)
  3. Cell-to-cell communication (protein receptors)
36
Q

What is the functional relationship between the plasma membrane and anesthesia?

A

It is the target of certain anesthetic agents (phospholipids, ion channels, receptor proteins)

N 5245 Cell Biology (2 decks)

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