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PC II > Test 1 Lab Values > Flashcards

Test 1 Lab Values Flashcards

0
Q

RBC Female

A

4.1-5.1 x10^6 cell/microL

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1
Q

RBC Male

A

4.5-5.9 x10^6 cell/microL

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2
Q

Hgb male

A

14-17.5 g/dL

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3
Q

Hgb female

A

12.3-15.3 g/dL

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4
Q

Hct male

A

42-50%

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5
Q

Hct female

A

36-45%

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6
Q

MCV

A

80-96 fL/cell

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7
Q

WBC

A

4.4- 11.3 x10^3 cells/microL

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8
Q

Plt

A

140-440 x10^3 cell/microL

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9
Q

Normal INR

A

0.9-1.1

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10
Q

Normal aPTT

A

21-45 sec

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11
Q

INR with therapy

A

2-3

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12
Q

aPTT with therapy

A

1.5-2.5 times control

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13
Q

Neutrophils

A

45-73%

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14
Q

Bands

A

3-5%

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15
Q

Lymph

A

20-40%

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16
Q

Monocytes

A

2-8 %

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17
Q

Eosinophils

A

0-4%

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18
Q

Basophils

A

0-1%

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19
Q

ANC Equation

A

ANC=10xWBCx (%bands+%segs)

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20
Q

Normal FPG

A

<100

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21
Q

Pre-diabetes FPG

A

100-125

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22
Q

Diabetes FPG

A

> 126

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23
Q

2-hr post prandial glucose diagnostic of diabetes

A

> 200

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24
Q

Self monitoring whole blood glucose

A

80-120

Bedtime: 100-140

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25
Q

Self monitoring plasma glucose

A

90-130

Bedtime 110-140

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26
Q

A1c normal

A

4-5.6%

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27
Q

Pre diabetes

A

FPG 100-125
2 hr post prandial 140-199
A1c 5.7-6.4%

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28
Q

Diabetes

A

FPG >126
2 hr post prandial >200
A1c >6.4%
Random plasma glucose >200

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29
Q

Green

A

Well controlled

>80% of best PEFR

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30
Q

Yellow

A

Symptomatic

50-80% of best PEFR

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31
Q

Red

A

Worsened symptoms
No relief from meds
<50% of best PEFR

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32
Q

FEV1/FVC normal

A

> 70%

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33
Q

FEV1/FVC COPD

A

<70%

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34
Q

FEV1 normal

A

> 80%

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35
Q

FEV1 abnormal/obstruction

A

<80%

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36
Q

COPD Severity ranges

A 
FEV1
Mild >80%
Moderate 50-80%
Severe 30-50%
Very severe <30%
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37
Q

SCr

A

0.6-1.2 mg/dL

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38
Q

BUN

A

8-23 mg/dL

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39
Q

BUN/SCr indicative if decreased renal perfusion & dehydration

A

> 20:1

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40
Q

BUN/SCr indicative of intrinsic kidney damage

A

10:1-20:1

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41
Q

Hypovolemic due to

A

Extrarenal loses: GI, skin, lungs

Renal losses, Diuretics, adrenal insufficiency

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42
Q

Hypervolemic due to

A

CHF
Cirrhosis
Nephrosis

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43
Q

Euvolemic due to

A

Exclude hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, renal failure, SIADH

Primary polydipsia, low solute intake

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44
Q

Hypovolemia clinical signs

A

BP drops, HR goes up, dry mucus membranes, decreased capillary refill, decreased blood volume
FENaNa retention

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45
Q

Euvolemia clinical signs

A

Normal blood volume

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46
Q

Hypervolemis clinical signs

A

Increase blood volume, edema, elevated JVD

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47
Q

Na

A

135-145 mEq/L

48
Q

K

A

3.5-4.5 mEq/L

49
Q

Cl

A

95-103 mEq/L

50
Q

Drugs that increase ADH

A

Carbamazepine, chlorpropamide, oxcabaxepine -> syndrome if inappropriate anti diuretic hormone (SIADH)

51
Q

Peaked T waves

A

hyperkalemia

52
Q

Loop diuretics are notorious for causing:

A

Hypokalemia

53
Q

TSH

A

0.5-5.0 milliunits/L

54
Q

Anti thyroid antibodies positive of hashimotos or graves

A

> 1:1000

55
Q

ACTH <5

A

ACTH independent

56
Q

ACTH 5-10

A

Need CRH test

57
Q

ACTH >10

A

ACTH dependent

58
Q

Primary hypothyroidism

A

Failure of thyroid to produce TH

59
Q

Secondary hypothyroidism

A

Failure if anterior pituitary to secrete TSH

60
Q

Tertiary hypothyroidism

A

Failure if hypothalamus to produce TRH

61
Q

Free T4 test

A

Represents level of hormone available for uptake.

Used in conjunction with TSH

62
Q

Total t4 test

A

Influenced by concentration if binding affinity of thyroid binding protein.
Initial screening
Definite diagnosis of thyroid failure with TSH

63
Q

Total T3 test

A

Primarily used as an indicator of hyperthyroidism.
Not reliable for hypo.
TBP influences measurement
Diagnose hyper/ severity of hyper

64
Q

TSH test

A

Usually first indicator of thyroid failure.
Used to adjust dosage.
Wait 6-8 weeks
Identifies problem with pituitary

65
Q

TRH test

A

Measures ability if exogenous TRH. To stimulate pituitary release TSH.
TRH given IV.
Differentiate secondary from tertiary

66
Q

Decreased cortisol

A

Addison’s

67
Q

Increased cortisol

A

Cushings

68
Q

Facial plethora

A

Moon face

69
Q

24 hour urine cortisol

A

Most specific
Best for screening
Requires serial testing for confirmation

70
Q

Salivary cortisol

A

Good sensitivity

Home test performed at midnight

71
Q

Dexamethasone suppression test

A

Test for cortisol issues.

Fasting cortisol is drawn

72
Q

Mg

A

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

73
Q

Ca

A

9.2-11 mg/dL

74
Q

Phosphate

A

2.3-4.7 mg/dL

75
Q

Torsades

A

hypomagnesemia

76
Q

Amphotericin B causes

A

Hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia

77
Q

PTH

A

Increase serum Ca

Decrease serum phosphate

78
Q

Vitamin D

A

Increase serum Ca

Increase phosphate

79
Q

Calcitonin

A

Decease Ca

Decease phosphate.

80
Q

Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s sign

A

Signs of hypocalcemia

81
Q

Primary volatile acid in the body

A

CO2

82
Q

Primary base (and buffer)

A

Bicarbonate

83
Q

What regulates bicarbonate?

A

Kidneys

84
Q

What regulates PaCO2?

A

Lungs!

85
Q

Excretion rate of CO2 is dependent on:

A

Respiration rate & tidal volume

86
Q

Carbonic acid

A

Respiratory

87
Q

Bicarbonate

A

Metabolic

88
Q

Metabolic acidosis

A

Deficit of bicarbonate

89
Q

Metabolic alkalosis

A

Excess bicarbonate

90
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

Excess CO2; lungs fail to excrete CO2

91
Q

Respiratory alkalosis

A

Deficit of CO2; lungs excrete too much CO2

92
Q

Metabolic

A

PH & PaCO2 saME direction

93
Q

Respiratory

A

Ph and PaCO2 diffERent directions

94
Q

Anion Gap calculation helps to:

A

Determine cause of metabolic acidosis

95
Q

AG EQUATION

A

AG= Na -(Cl +HCO3-)

96
Q

Normal AG

A

3-16 mEq/L

97
Q

RBC

A

1-3/HPF

98
Q

WBC

A

0-2/HPF

99
Q

Protein

A

0-trace

100
Q

Urine pH

A

4.6-8.0

101
Q

Blood, glucose, ketones, leukocyte esterase, nitrite

A

Negative

102
Q

Leukocyte esterase and nitrite in urine indicates

A

UTI

103
Q

Ketones in urine indicates

A

Diabetes or starvation.

104
Q

MCV>100

A

Macrolytic anemia

Caused by: b12 deficiency or folate deficiency

105
Q

MCV 81-99

A

Normolytic anemia

Caused by: acute blood loss, hemolysis, chronic illness

106
Q

MCV <80

A

Microlytic anemia

Caused by iron deficiency

107
Q

ABG

A

pH/PaCO2/PaO2/HCO3-

108
Q

pH for ABG

A

7.35-7.44

109
Q

PaCO2

A

36-44 mmHg

110
Q

PaO2

A

80-100 mmHg

111
Q

HCO3- ABG

A

24-30 mmHg

112
Q

CO2

A

24-30 mEq/L

113
Q

Anion gap

A

3-16 mEq/L

114
Q

Lactate

A

0.6-2.2 mEq/L

115
Q

SvO2

A

> 70 mmHg

116
Q

O2 sat

A

> 94%

117
Q

Elevated AG

A

Mudpies

118
Q

Non elevated AG

A

Used car

PC II (3 decks)

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