Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

4th Semester: Pharm II > Test 1: Drugs Acting on the Blood > Flashcards

Test 1: Drugs Acting on the Blood Flashcards

1
Q

Microcytic anemia is usually seen in

________ and dogs

A

piglets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is microcytic anemia usually seen in

piglets?

A

Sow’s milk only has 1/7 of the daily iron requirement.

The rest is obtained from the soil.

Piglets must be supplemented in reproductive farms if no access to soil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_______ is needed for Iron absorption.

For iron: To get through the epithelial cell requires ____________.

To get into the blood stream requires

___________.

A

Copper is needed for Iron absorption.

Epithelial cell ferritin

Blood stream transferrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Heavy metals (Cu and Fe)

______ cross the BBB

A

Heavy metals

WON’T

cross the BBB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Iron-Carb complexes (Iron Dextran)

are given _____ in emergencies, while

Ferrous Chloride/Phosphate/Sulfate

are given ______ in stable anemics

A

Iron Dextran- IV for emergencies

Ferrous Cl/Phos/Sulf- orally in stable anemics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Inorganic Fe: Ferrous is _______

astringent and irritating than

ferric

A

LESS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the antidote for an overdose in iron drugs used to

treat Microcytic Anemia:

Iron Dextran

Ferrous Chl/Phos/Sulf

A

Chelating agent to bind Fe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the drug of choice in treatment of

Normocytic Anemia

caused by Chronic Renal Failure

or

Bone Marrow Suppression?

A

Erythropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What G-CSF stimulates the progenitors of

neutrophils ONLY

and is used in treatment of anticancer drug induced

neutropenia?

A

Filgrastim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What GM-CSF is non-specific, can cause

cardiopulmonary toxicity,

and is used in treatment of anticancer drug induced

neutropenia?

A

Sargramostim (leukine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tannic acid and Ferric chloride

are in this category of

Local Hemostatics (Styptics)

A

Astringents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which local hemostatic drug (styptic) is a

vasoconstrictor used most commonly to control bleeding and can be applied topically?

A

Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which hemostatic vasoconstrictive drug has benzocaine

with it to act as a local anesthetic?

A

Clot-It-Plus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which local hemostatic (styptic) drug

acts on alpha-1 receptors to induce

vasoconstriction?

A

Epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Epinephrine is a hemostatic agent (styptic)

that acts on alpha-1 receptors

and the _______________

of benzocaine?

A

ESTER-conformation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the major adverse effect seen with

astringent styptic agents like

Tannic Acid (coffee/tea)

and

Ferric chloride?

A

Constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Systemic hemostatic, Vitamin K1, is also known as

_________

and is of plant origin

A

Phytonadinone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which systemic hemostatic agent

is used as an antidote to

Warfarin poisoning (rat poison)?

A

Vit K1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vitamin K is usually given

by these two routes

A

IM or SC

20
Q

Which type of Vit K is contraindicated in

horses due to its ability to cause renal failure in horses

as well as contraindicated in Warfarin poisoning?

A

K3

21
Q

A functioning ________ is vital for

Vit K treatment efficacy

A

LIVER

All hail the mighty liver!

22
Q

Which systemic hemostatic agent is the

specific antidote

for Heparin and is given slowly IV?

A

Protamine sulfate

23
Q

Which hemostatic agent, if given as an overdose,

can actually cause increased bleeding?

A

Protamine sulfate

24
Q

This hemostatic agent inhibits the conversion of

plasminogen → plasmin,

antagonizes the fibrinolytic actions of

thrombolytic agents,

and is used to treat German Shepherds with

degenerative myelopathy?

A

Aminocaproic Acid

25
Q

This hemostatic drug that only lasts 2 hours,

increases vWF levels in dogs to control bleeding,

and is used in treatment of

VonWillibrand’s Disease and Central Diabetes Insipidus

A

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

26
Q

This hemostatic agent has LESS

V1 effects (vasoconstriction) and

MORE V2 effects (anti-diuretic) effects

A

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

27
Q

What is the anticoagulative drug of choice

in pregnant animals?

A

Heparin

28
Q

This anticoagulant is only given IV or SC

and activates AT3 which inhibits

thrombin (2a) and coagulatation factors

(9a,10a,11a,12a)

A

Heparin

29
Q

How do you treat Heparin toxicity?

A

Use protamine sulfate

to treat the main toxic effect of Heparin, which is bleeding

30
Q

What is the competitive antagonist of Vit K

and works by inhibiting Vit K epoxide reductase?

A

Warfarin

31
Q

Which anticoagulant crosses the placenta

and is excreted in milk?

A

Warfarin

32
Q

What is the specific antidote of Warfarin toxicity?

A

Vit K1

33
Q

Which anticoagulant inhibits the

activation of

Factors 2 (prothrombin), 7, 9, &10 ?

A

Warfarin

34
Q

Which thrombolytic agent binds specifically to

plasminogen (which is bound to fibrin)

in order to dissolve the clot?

A

tPA (Alteplase)

35
Q

What drug is an antagonist that blocks the conversion of

Plasminogen → Plasmin

caused by these thrombolytic agents:

Streptokinase

Urokinase

tPA

Anistreplase

A

Aminocaproic Acid

36
Q

Low doses of Aspirin inhibit synthesis of

______ by irreversibly inhibiting cyclooxegenase

while

High doses of Aspirin inhibits _______ &

_______, which is not as beneficial because it

can lead to platelet aggregation?

A

Low doses TXA2

High doses PG12 and TXA2

37
Q

Which antiplatelet drug inhibits phosphodiesterase and increased cAMP to stop the release of granules that cause platelet aggregation?

A

Dipyridamole

38
Q

Abciximab blocks this receptor

in order to prevent fibrinogen binding to platelets

A

GPIIb/IIIa

39
Q

Another name for Lepirudin, an anti-platelet drug,

is

A

Antithrombin!

40
Q

Which antiplatelet drug can be used in cats

to prevent thromboembolism?

A

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

41
Q

Which drugs are used to TREAT acute cases

of thromboembolism in cats?

A

Heparin

Streptokinase

Vasodilators

42
Q

Which drugs are used to PREVENT

thromboembolism in cats?

A

Aspirin

Warfarin

43
Q

What is the chelating agent for iron toxicosis?

A

Deferoxamine

44
Q

What is the chelating agent for copper toxicosis?

A

Penicillamine

45
Q

Which anticoagulant can be teratogenic, causing

bone defects?

A

Warfarin

4th Semester: Pharm II (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions