Test 1- Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of tissue damage, or both

A

Pain- International Association of the Study of Pain (IASP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Specific pain receptors transmit signals to a “pain center” in the brain that produces the perception of pain.
Does not account for the wide range of psychological factors that affect our perception of pain.

A

Specificity Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pain signals are sent to the brain only when stimuli sum together to produce a specific combination or pattern.
Does not posit specialized receptors for pain nor does it see the brain as having control over the perception of pain. The brain is merely viewed as a message recipient.

A

Pattern Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

This theory can account for both “top-down” brain influences on pain perception as well asthe effects of other tactile stimuli in appearing to reduce pain.

A

Gate Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

There is a “gate” or control system in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord through which all information regarding pain must pass before reaching the brain. The Substantia Gelatinosa in the dorsal horn controls whether the gate is open or closed. An “open gate” means that the transmission cells can carry signals to the brain where pain is perceived; a “closed gate” stops the t-cells from firing and no pain signal is sent to brain.

A

Gate Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Perception of ordinarily nonnoxious stimulus as pain

A

Allodynia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Absence of pain

A

Analgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Absence of all sensation

A

Anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pain in an area that lacks sensation

A

Anesthesia Dolorosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Unpleasant or abnormal sensation with or without a stimulus

A

Dysesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Diminished response to noxious stimulation

A

Hypalgesia (hypoalgesia)-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increased response to noxious stimuli

A

Hyperalgesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Presence of hyperesthesia, allodynia, and hyperalgesia usually associated with overreaction, and persistence of the sensation after the stimulus

A

Hyperpathia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Reduced cutaneous sensation

A

Hypesthesia (hypoesthesia)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pain in the distribution of a nerve or a group of nerves

A

Neuralgia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Abnormal sensation perceived without an apparent stimulus

A

Paresthesia

17
Q

Functional abnormality of one or more nerve roots

A

Radiculopathy

18
Q

3 core elements of pain treatment

A
  1. Rehab
  2. Pain management (meds)
  3. Psychological treatment
19
Q

Through which tract do pain signal ascend to the brain?

A

Spinothalamic tract

20
Q

Through which descendng tract to action potentials travel to modulate the pain signal?

A

Dorsolateral Funiculus

21
Q

Describe superficial somatic pain

A

Well localized-sharp, pricking, throbbing, burning

Sensed: skin, subQ, mucous membranes

22
Q

Describe deep somatic pain and locate where it is sensed

A

Less well localized, dull, aching

Sensed: muscles, tendons, joints, bones

23
Q

How many types of visceral pain are there, and what are they called?

A
  1. True localized visceral
  2. True localized parietal
  3. Referred visceral
  4. Referred parietal
24
Q

Describe true (localized) visceral pain

A

Dull, diffuse, and midline.

Think deep within your gut

25
Q

Describe true (localized) parietal pain

A

Sharp and localized

26
Q

Where does referred visceral pain originate?

To where is the pain referred?

A

Involves the peritoneum or pleura over the central diaphragm.
Pain is referred to the neck and shoulder.

27
Q

Where does referred parietal pain originate?

To where is the pain referred?

A

Involves the parietal surfaces of the peripheral diaphragm.

Pain is referred to the chest or upper abdominal wall.

28
Q

Pain which persists beyond the usual course of an acute disease or after a reasonable time for healing to occur (period varies from 1-6 months).

A

Chronic pain

29
Q

This type of pain is classically spontaneous, has a burning sensation, and is associated with hyperpathia

A

Neuropathic pain

30
Q

Pain which is caused by noxious stimulation due to injury, a disease process, or abnormal function of muscle or viscera. And is nearly always nociceptive.

A

Acute pain

31
Q

What are the two types of acute pain?

A

Visceral and Somatic

32
Q

Which nociceptors respond to inflammation? Where are they located?

A

Silent nociceptors.

Located in visceral organs.