Test 1: Chapters 1,2,3

Question 1

Infants are born with specific reflexes to help them adapt to their new world, like the moro reflex. This reflex is when an infant’s cheek is stroked, it turns towards that cheek ready to feed.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

In Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory, the _________ represents a person’s conscience, sense of right and wrong, and society’s values.

Answer 2

superego

Question 3

What is the name of the principle of growth that states that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down the rest of the body?

Answer 3

proximodistal

Question 4

Infertility is the inability to conceive after ________ months of trying to become pregnant.

Answer 4

12 to 18

Question 5

For his study, Martin wanted to compare people of different ages at the same point in time. This is a type of _________ study

Answer 5

cross-sectional

Question 6

Piaget’s important developmental milestone where infants realize that people and objects exist, even when they are out of sight, is called _______________________ .

Answer 6

object permanence

Question 7

___________ research seeks to identify whether there is an association between two factors.

Answer 7

Correlational

Question 8

Who is the famous founder of the theory of cognitive development?

Answer 8

Paiget

Question 9

It is the job of the _______ to keep teratogens from reaching the fetus.

Answer 9

mother’s placenta

Question 10

Erikson believed that development ____________ .

Answer 10

Continues throughout the life span

Question 11

Different than cohort effects where the group experiences the social environment together, a non-normative life event is a specific, atypical event that occurs in a person’s life at a time when such events do not happen to most people, such as

Answer 11

losing one’s parents in a car accident at age 5

Question 12

Lifespan Development

Answer 12

Covers the entire lifespan of the individual from birth to death.
Examines the ways in which people develop physically, intellectually, and socially.
Ask and attempt to answer questions about the way in which people change and remain the same over their life.

Question 13

A baby grasps for his/her rattle at 3 months of age but cannot quite get hold of it. However, by 11 months, the baby is holding and moving the rattle with total control. This is an example of principle of hierarchical integration.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Vygotsky was one of the first developmentalists who recognized the importance of ______________ and how it helps learning through interaction between learners.

Answer 14

the sociocultural environment

Question 15

According to Piaget, when a child cannot fit new incoming information into their existing schemas or current developmental stage of cognitive organization, they form new schemas through the process of

Answer 15

accommodation

Question 16

_______ refers to the traits, abilities and capacities inherited from parents.

Answer 16

Nature

Question 17

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a fertilization procedure in which a man’s sperm is placed directly into a woman’s reproductive tract.

Answer 17

False

Question 18

For a research experiment, one group of 30 teenage boys watched a violent movie and another group of 30 teenage boys watched a nonviolent movie. After the movie, each group took a violent tendency inventory. What is the independent variable?

Answer 18

the type of movies watched

Question 19

What is the disorder caused by the pregnant mother consuming substantial quantities of alcohol during pregnancy, potentially resulting in mental retardation and delayed growth in the child?

Answer 19

fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Question 20

Older mothers are considerably more likely to give birth to children with

Answer 20

Down syndrome

Question 21

Piaget’s concepts:

Answer 21

Cognitive development 
Schemas 
Assimilation 
Accommodation
Correlational
Case Study 
Survey 
Experimental

Question 22

Considering the Behavioral Perspective, in the Big Bang Theory Video clip above, rewarding desired behavior with chocolate will INCREASE the probability that the preceding behavior will occur in the future. This is an example of _______.

Answer 22

operant conditioning.

Question 23

Definition of the Scientific method

Answer 23

The process of posing and answering questions using careful, controlled techniques that include systematic, orderly observation and the collection of data.

Question 24

Fertilization happens in __________________.

Answer 24

fallopian tube

Question 25

About 10% of women who experience postpartum depression may do so because of the pronounced hormonal plunge in estrogen and progesterone 24 hours following delivery (back to normal levels). Women who ___________________________________ may be more prone to postpartum depression.

Answer 25

have been clinically depressed previously

Question 26

Regarding language development, Noam Chomsky asserts that infants are born with a brain that is primed or ready to learn and understand language called___________________________.

Answer 26

a language-acquisition device

Question 27

Separation anxiety in infants peaks at about

Answer 27

14 months

Question 28

The female reproductive cell is called a(n)

Answer 28

ovum

Question 29

Scientific method three major steps:

Answer 29

1. Identifying questions of interest.
2. Formulating an explanation
3. Carrying out research that either leads support to the explanation or refutes it.

Question 30

Teratogen (a factor that produces a birth defect) sensitivity for the development of the palate is between (see page 66 in textbook) _________________________________.

Answer 30

the 7th and 8th week.

Question 31

Research shows babies are born with consistent and enduring patterns of emotionality and arousal called temperament. There are three temperament types; 1) easy babies, 2) difficult babies, and

3) ________________________.

Answer 31

slow-to-warm babies

Question 32

Piaget’s first stage of cognitive development, called ________________________ is broken down into six substages.

Answer 32

sensorimotor