Test 1: Chapters 1,2,3 Flashcards
Infants are born with specific reflexes to help them adapt to their new world, like the moro reflex. This reflex is when an infant’s cheek is stroked, it turns towards that cheek ready to feed.
False
In Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory, the _________ represents a person’s conscience, sense of right and wrong, and society’s values.
superego
What is the name of the principle of growth that states that growth follows a pattern that begins with the head and upper body parts and then proceeds down the rest of the body?
proximodistal
Infertility is the inability to conceive after ________ months of trying to become pregnant.
12 to 18
For his study, Martin wanted to compare people of different ages at the same point in time. This is a type of _________ study
cross-sectional
Piaget’s important developmental milestone where infants realize that people and objects exist, even when they are out of sight, is called _______________________ .
object permanence
___________ research seeks to identify whether there is an association between two factors.
Correlational
Who is the famous founder of the theory of cognitive development?
Paiget
It is the job of the _______ to keep teratogens from reaching the fetus.
mother’s placenta
Erikson believed that development ____________ .
Continues throughout the life span
Different than cohort effects where the group experiences the social environment together, a non-normative life event is a specific, atypical event that occurs in a person’s life at a time when such events do not happen to most people, such as
losing one’s parents in a car accident at age 5
Lifespan Development
Covers the entire lifespan of the individual from birth to death.
Examines the ways in which people develop physically, intellectually, and socially.
Ask and attempt to answer questions about the way in which people change and remain the same over their life.
A baby grasps for his/her rattle at 3 months of age but cannot quite get hold of it. However, by 11 months, the baby is holding and moving the rattle with total control. This is an example of principle of hierarchical integration.
True
Vygotsky was one of the first developmentalists who recognized the importance of ______________ and how it helps learning through interaction between learners.
the sociocultural environment
According to Piaget, when a child cannot fit new incoming information into their existing schemas or current developmental stage of cognitive organization, they form new schemas through the process of
accommodation
_______ refers to the traits, abilities and capacities inherited from parents.
Nature
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a fertilization procedure in which a man’s sperm is placed directly into a woman’s reproductive tract.
False
For a research experiment, one group of 30 teenage boys watched a violent movie and another group of 30 teenage boys watched a nonviolent movie. After the movie, each group took a violent tendency inventory. What is the independent variable?
the type of movies watched
What is the disorder caused by the pregnant mother consuming substantial quantities of alcohol during pregnancy, potentially resulting in mental retardation and delayed growth in the child?
fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Older mothers are considerably more likely to give birth to children with
Down syndrome
Piaget’s concepts:
Cognitive development Schemas Assimilation Accommodation Correlational Case Study Survey Experimental
Considering the Behavioral Perspective, in the Big Bang Theory Video clip above, rewarding desired behavior with chocolate will INCREASE the probability that the preceding behavior will occur in the future. This is an example of _______.
operant conditioning.
Definition of the Scientific method
The process of posing and answering questions using careful, controlled techniques that include systematic, orderly observation and the collection of data.
Fertilization happens in __________________.
fallopian tube
About 10% of women who experience postpartum depression may do so because of the pronounced hormonal plunge in estrogen and progesterone 24 hours following delivery (back to normal levels). Women who ___________________________________ may be more prone to postpartum depression.
have been clinically depressed previously
Regarding language development, Noam Chomsky asserts that infants are born with a brain that is primed or ready to learn and understand language called___________________________.
a language-acquisition device
Separation anxiety in infants peaks at about
14 months
The female reproductive cell is called a(n)
ovum
Scientific method three major steps:
- Identifying questions of interest.
- Formulating an explanation
- Carrying out research that either leads support to the explanation or refutes it.
Teratogen (a factor that produces a birth defect) sensitivity for the development of the palate is between (see page 66 in textbook) _________________________________.
the 7th and 8th week.
Research shows babies are born with consistent and enduring patterns of emotionality and arousal called temperament. There are three temperament types; 1) easy babies, 2) difficult babies, and
3) ________________________.
slow-to-warm babies
Piaget’s first stage of cognitive development, called ________________________ is broken down into six substages.
sensorimotor
