Test 1 - Chapter 1 Flashcards
exceptionality
Special physical and/or intellectual needs that require special services for the students that have them.
normalization movement
Widely-held belief that all individuals, regardless of any disabilities, should have as normal an education and living arrangement as possible, as opposed to institutionalization.
residential programs
The way in which many children with intellectual disabilities and/or sensory deficits were taught prior to the normalization movement.
relative isolation
The phase prior to the 1970s during which students with exceptionalities were served either outside public schools or in isolated settings within them.
integration or mainstreaming
A term that has been used to describe the placement of students with exceptionalities in general education classrooms, at least for a portion of each school day.
inclusion
A practice based on the belief that students with exceptionalities belong in general education settings, with support services provided in the general classroom by specialists.
students at risk
Students who are likely to develop learning or behaviour problems because of a variety of environmental factors.
students with exceptionalities
Students who have special physical and/or intellectual needs that require special services for the students that have them.
students with gifts and/or talents
A term frequently used to describe high-achieving students as well as students who excel in other areas, such as the arts.
testing
The component of the assessment process where specific questions are asked of an individual and a response is recorded.
norm-referenced
Evaluation procedures that are designed to enable the comparison of a child with a normative sample.
assessment
The process of collecting information about a particular student to determine eligibility for special services and strengths and areas of need for programming purposes.
formal assessment
The formal process of collecting information about a particular student to determine eligibility for special services and strengths and areas of need for programming purposes.
intellectual disability
An impaired ability to learn that may cause difficulty in coping with the demands of daily life; usually present from birth.
eligibility
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observation
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rating scales
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alternative assessment
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annual goals
Goals for the year that are developed for each student served in special education and made a part of the student’s individualized education program.
disability
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informal assessment
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criterion-referenced testing
Tests that compare a child to a particular mastery level rather than to a normative group.
curriculum-based assessment
A form of criterion-referenced assessment that uses the actual curriculum as the standard.
ecological assessment
Evaluating individuals in the context of their environments and taking into consideration all environmental factors.
bias in assessment
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non-discriminatory evaluation
A method of evaluating students that prevents discrimination on the basis of differences.
individualized education program
IEP: is required by most educational jurisdictions for every child receiving special education services. Other terms used to describe this type of program include individualized program plan and personal program plan.
child study team
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