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psychopathology > test 1 ch1-4 > Flashcards

test 1 ch1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

superego

A

represents internalized moral principles of parents and society

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2
Q

object relations

A

children incorporate memories and values of important people

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3
Q

transference

A

clients relate to therapists as they do an authority figure

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4
Q

shaping

A

develop response by reinforcing similar responses

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5
Q

mental status exam categories

A

appearance and behavior, thought process(delusions), mood and affect, intellectual functioning, sensorium

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6
Q

neuropsychological test

A

measure cognitive ability to make an educated guess on performance/brain impairment (intellectual disability test)

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7
Q

idiographic

A

what makes a person unique

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8
Q

classification

A

grouping people based on shared attributes

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9
Q

categorical approach

A

assumption of clear cut differences among disorders

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10
Q

psychophysiological assessment

A

changes in nervous system from mental or emotional events

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11
Q

psychogenesis

A

psychological cause for mental illness

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12
Q

fMRI

A

shows where brain is functioning

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13
Q

prevalence

A

how many people in the population have the disorder

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14
Q

incidence

A

new cases in a given period

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15
Q

course

A

pattern of a disorder (chronic, episodic, time-limited)

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16
Q

acute onset

A

disorder begins suddenly

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17
Q

insidious

A

develop grandually

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18
Q

prognosis

A

anticipated course

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19
Q

Granger causality

A

series of events predicts another theory of events

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20
Q

psychosocial treatment

A

psychological and sociocultural factors

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21
Q

moral therapy

A

treating patients as normally as possible

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22
Q

mental hygiene movement

A

improving care by informing the public of mistreatment

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23
Q

etiology

A

cause or source of a disorder

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24
Q

intrapsychic conflict

A

struggle of id, ego, superego

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25
Q

defense mechanism

A

pattern of behavior in response to particular situations

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26
Q

ego psychology

A

psychological disorders are a failure of regulated impulses

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27
Q

extinction

A

response to reinforcement decreases when pairing is removed

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28
Q

systematic desensitization

A

exposure to fearful stimulus paired with positive coping

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29
Q

reliability

A

consistency of measurement

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30
Q

validity

A

does it test what it is supposed to

31
Q

standardization

A

establishing norms to ensure measurement is used consistently

32
Q

analog

A

recreating real-life situations in a lab

33
Q

projective testing

A

method of client projecting unconscious onto neutral stimuli

34
Q

nomothetic

A

what people have in common

35
Q

taxonomy

A

classification in scientific context

36
Q

nosology

A

taxonomy for medicine

37
Q

nomenclature

A

naming system

38
Q

dimensional approach

A

symptoms on a spetrum

39
Q

prototypical approach

A

essential characteristics (dog), variations on characteristics (breed)

40
Q

5 components of psychopathology

A

statistical infrequency
personal distress
dysfunction
violation of social norms
unexpected reactions

41
Q

necessary vs sufficient

A

what needs to be there vs everything that needs to be there

42
Q

types of workers

A

clinical psychologist, therapist, psychiatrist, social worker, clergy, nurses

43
Q

somatogenesis

A

mental illness from physical cause

44
Q

Philipe Pinel and Dorothea Dix

A

nice conditions for mentally ill

45
Q

diathesis-stress model

A

genetic predisposition and environment

46
Q

neuron

A

dendrite- receives info
axon- sends info
bouton- to next neuron
synapse- space between neurons

47
Q

brain stem

A

breathing, digestions, motor control

48
Q

reticular activating system

A

attention, sleep, arousal

49
Q

limbic system

A

emotions

50
Q

frontal lobe

A

executive functioning, processing world

51
Q

agonist

A

increases activity

52
Q

antagonist

A

blocks activity

53
Q

inverse agonist

A

causes opposite effect

54
Q

serotonin

A

mood, behavior, thoughts

55
Q

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

A

claiming neurotransmitter

56
Q

glutamate

A

excitatory neurotransmitter

57
Q

CT scan

A

2D x-rays of the brain, in slices

58
Q

MRI

A

shows brain structure

59
Q

PET

A

blood-flow

60
Q

EEG

A

electrical activity in the brain

61
Q

GSR

A

sweat gland activity

62
Q

EKG

A

heart rate

63
Q

DSM-5

A

removed multiaxial system

64
Q

multiaxial system

A

1- everything but personality and intellectual
2- personality and intellectual
3- medical condition
4- environment
5- cognitive functioning

65
Q

case study

A

in-depth study on one case

66
Q

epidemiology

A

study of frequency and distribution

67
Q

lifetime prevalence

A

amount of people who experience -x- during their life

68
Q

cross-sectional

A

examine different age groups at the same time

69
Q

longitudinal

A

follows cohort through time

70
Q

meta-analysis

A

combines results from several studies

71
Q

proband

A

origin of a family trait

72
Q

informed consent

A

competence, debriefing, confidentiality, volunteerism, full informed

73
Q

theory of humors

A

yellow bile, black bile, blood, phlegm

psychopathology (3 decks)

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