test 1 Ch. 1 The Classification of Motor Skills Flashcards
Motor Learning
study of manor in which a human requires skill, refines skill, and then incorporates those skills in his/her behavior patterns
Motor Behavior
- different responses to stemuli
- effect of behavior on performance
- motivation
stages of learning
- cognitive stage
- motor stage
- autonomic stage
skill
- an activity or task that has a specific purpose or goal to achieve
- an indicator of the quality of performance
coordination
the ability to use multiple sources and assemble body parts into smooth and purposeful movement
motor skills
any controlled muscular activity that is used in attaining a specific goal or purpose
- does not include reflex action
gross motor skills
requires the use of large musculature to achieve the goal of the skill
ex- jumping/walking
fine motor skill
requires control of small muscles to achieve the goal of the skill; involves eye-hand coordination and requires a high degree of precision of hand and finger movement.
ex- playing tight defense, hand writing, typing
performance proficiency
- consistency of achievement
- meet the performance goal consistently
cognitive stage
max achievement COST minimum movement time
- have to think about it
autonomic stage
max achievement certainty and minimum movement time
- dont have to think about it
elements of processing
- sensory
- decision making
- behavioral
Components of movement
- postural support
- body transport
- manipulation
movements
BEHAVIORAL characteristics of specific limbs or combo of limbs that are component parts of an action or motor skill
-ppl learn motor skills and actions using movements
Discrete Motor skills
motor skill with clearly defined beginning and end points, usually requiring a simple movement.
- takes longer to learn
- doesn’t have a comparator
- ex. hitting a piano key
continuous motor skill
movement w/ arbitrary beginning and end points.
- usually involve repetitive movements
- ex swimming and walking
serial motor skill
involves a series of discrete skills
-ex playing a song on a piano
closed motor skill
performed in a stationary environment where the performer determines when to begin the action
- bowling, picking up a cup while seated
open motor skill
involves non-stable, unpredictable environment where an object or environmental context is in motion and determines when to begin the action
- ex. running a race with other runners,
- striking a moving baseball
predominate pacing cues
determines initiation, acceleration, and deceleration
external pacing
outside force
-external locos of control
internal pacing
performers internal locus of control
types of feedback
closed loop
open loop
closed loop
correction during movement
open loop
no correction during movement
Gentile’s 2-Deminsions taxonomy
Environmental context
Function of the action
environmental context
the supporting surface, objects, and other ppl involved in the environment in which the skill is performed
regulatory conditions
characteristics of the environment context that determine the movement characteristics needed to perform an action
- walking on a side walk as opposed to walking on a beach
function of the action
body orientation refers to the changes or maintaining of body location
- body stability, body transport
practical application of Gentile taxonomy
- Identification of practice time allotment
- identification of level of task complexity
- charting individual progress
- profile of competencies
