test 1 application questions

Question 1

A patient with severe myopia comes into the clinic and asks about corrective eye surgery. What is a surgical procedure that they may qualify for?

Answer 1

LASIK- best choice for severe myopia

Question 2

When explaining the LASIK procedure to a patient before surgery, the patient asks the nurse what MonoVision is and if it will be hard to adjust to it?

Answer 2

Monovision is when one eye is for myopia and one is for hyperopia; The brain adjusts well!

Question 3

A concerned patient wakes up from a PRK surgery and is having pain and inflammation. She complains because her friend had LASIK and did not experience much pain at all. She wants to know why she is having so much pain when her friend did not.

Answer 3

PRK patients have much more pain because there is not a flap of the cornea to pull back over, but they reshape the cornea which leads to more pain.

Question 4

While working as a school nurse, a young child comes to the office with red eyes, and mucopurulent drainage. Based on the following signs, you expect the patient to have what kind of pink eye?

Answer 4

Bacterial pink eye; They will need ABX.

Question 5

A college students presents to the health center and says that she is having trouble with her eye. She states that she wears contact lenses, but admits that she does not clean them as instructed. With this information, you would expect that the patient is at risk for what eye issue?

Answer 5

Bacterial Keratits

Question 6

There is a young patient that has Viral Keratitis that is caused by Herpes Simplex Virus. The nursing student would need correction when she says what about the treatment?
a.) Use Antiviral drops like Acyclovir
b.) the patient may end up needing corneal debridement
c.) She will be prescribed corticosteroids

Answer 6

C.)
Corticosteroids are contraindicated in Viral keratitis caused by herpes simplex.

Question 7

A freshman nursing student is taking chem lab and comes to the health center and says that she had chemicals in her eye. You would tell her she needs to do what?

Answer 7

Irrigate the eyes with saline or sterile water

Question 8

An elderly woman comes into the hospital after a car accident and says that she could not see while she was driving at night. After an eye exam, you notice a significant glare and a whitish lens. You would assume the patient has what eye disorder?

Answer 8

Cataracts

Question 9

A diabetic middle age woman comes into the hospital and says that she cannot see out of her peripheral vision. She says that over the last few weeks she has seen floaters, flashes and rings in her field of vision. Based on this information, the nurse thinks that the patient has what?

Answer 9

Retinal detachment; Medical Emergency

Question 10

You are educating a patient about macular degeneration and the patient asks the difference between wet and dry macular degeneration.

Answer 10

Wet MD is severe and rapid vision loss
Dry MD slow progression and painless vision loss.

Question 11

After teaching about macular degeneration, the client asks what she can change in her diet to help with this. The nurse should encourage her to eat what?

Answer 11

Leafy Green Vegetables
Vitamin E and C
Zinc

Question 12

A middle aged man comes into the ER complaining of a migraine that come on suddenly. He says that he has terrible pain and is seeing halos. Based on this information, the nurse would move efficiently knowing this may be what ophthalmic emergency?

Answer 12

Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma

Question 13

A 5 year old little boy comes into the ER crying. The mom says that they were just on vacation to the beach and the child has been having ear pain and a slight fever. The nurse would think that the boy has what condition?

Answer 13

External Otitis (Swimmer’s ear)

Question 14

In your health assessment class, you take the otoscope and look in your partner’s ear. When you do this, you see a red and bulging tympanic membrane with some pus trapped behind the eardrum. You tell your nursing friend you think she may have what?

Answer 14

Otitis Media; Need ABX for 10 days

Question 15

After a surgical stapedotomy, the client can hear very well and is so excited. The next morning you walk into the patient’s room and they are crying. They say they cannot hear well like they did yesterday and feel discouraged. What would the nurse do/say?

Answer 15

This is normal finding; just due to swelling after the procedure. Will Improve again!

Question 16

An elderly man comes into the ER complaining of vertigo and tinnitus. The nurse knows that the patient may be experiencing Meniere’s Disease. The nursing student makes a mistake when she does what when the patient dozes off in his room?

Answer 16

Leaves the TV on with flickering lights- Leads to a worse attack.

Question 17

Your grandfather is with you at thanksgiving and suddenly starts to have a hard time speaking. You know this may be an issue with what part and lobe of his brain?

Answer 17

Broca’s area in the Frontal Lobe

Question 18

You walked into the room of your assigned patient and begin talking to the patient. You introduce yourself to the patient and they stare back at you blankly. You know that this may be a possible issue with what part of the brain?

Answer 18

Wernicke’s area in the temporal lobe

Question 19

A patient who is on seizure precautions begins to have a seizure. The nurse begins timing the seizure and when it hits the five minute mark, it is a neuro emergency and she needs to do what?

Answer 19

Press the code blue button because it is likely status epilepticus.

Question 20

You are babysitting your 3 year old cousin and ask him a question. He stares blankly at you for a brief period of time. You ask his mom if this happens a lot and she says it happens all throughout the day. After visiting a doctor, you are not surprised when he is given the diagnosis of what kind of seizure?

Answer 20

Absent seizure; Petit Mal

Question 21

A teenage client with known seizures begins seizing. The nursing student makes a mistake when she does which thing that compromised the patient’s safety
a.) Loosens tight clothing
b.) Suctions when needed but not in the patients mouth
c.) Restrains the patients
d.) pads the bed

Answer 21

c.)
Do not restraint the patient. May make seizing worse because you are further activating the SNS

Question 22

While studying for a med-surg test, the nursing student knows that multiple sclerosis attacks the myelin sheaths. She knows that one of the common signs with this disorder is what?

Answer 22

Lhermitte’s sign

Question 23

What reviewing the results from a CSF analysis, the nurse sees that there is increases IgG and the presence of monocytes and lymphocytes. She knows this could mean that patient has what disorder?

Answer 23

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 24

A middle aged patient with MS asks for a good way to identify out her triggers. How could the nurse encourage the patient on going about this?

Answer 24

Keep a journal about the things that seem to be triggers. A lot of times it can be infections, cold, and stress.

Question 25

While walking through Walmart you see an older man walking slowly with a limp and a decreased arm swing. You may be correct when you guess that the gentleman has what and is likely taking what medication?

Answer 25

Parkinson’s Disease; taking levodopa/Carbidopa

Question 26

You overhear a nutrition consult in the room of a patient with Parkinson’s. The nutritionist tells the patient he needs to eat a lot of protein. You know it might be necessary to tell the patient what about this dietary component?

Answer 26

Eat protein at night so it does not interfere with their meds during the day

Question 27

A patient with Myasthenia Gravis wakes up and feels great! The nurse knows that it is important to prioritize getting things done in the morning. Why?

Answer 27

This is when they are at their best; Their muscles have had time to recovery and this is when they will have the most energy.

Question 28

Your patient with MG asks is she can get a hot shower. Although you know this may feel good for the patient in the moment, it is important that you educate the patient that it may do what?

Answer 28

Exacerbate the muscle exhaustion and it may not be the best for the patients condition.

Question 29

You are caring for a patient in the neuro ICU. You determine the Glasgow coma scale score based on this information. She moves away from painful stimuli, she opens to eye only to pain, and makes incoherent noises/sounds. What is her score and what may this mean?

Answer 29

9 (8 and below is a coma)

Question 30

A patient who was brought into the ER with a brain contusion has a ICP of 20. You know this is increased. You know there are a few things you can do to decrease ICP. What are they?

Answer 30

HOB at 30 degrees
Maintain good O2
Cluster care- decrease stimulation

Question 31

A patient has a BP of 117/76 and an ICP of 11. From this information you know the patient has a CPP of what.

Answer 31

78 (78.6)

Question 32

A patient with a CPP of 85 asks if this is a good value. You would be correct when you tell her that this is…..?

Answer 32

A normal and healthy value indicating proper perfusion.

Question 33

A young boy comes into the ED with Battle’s sign and Racoon eyes. You are concerned because this indicates what serious conditon?

Answer 33

Basal Skull Fracture

Question 34

A pateint comes in and the doctor determines that he has a basal skull fracture. The nursing students asks if she can place the NG tube. You should tell the nursing student what?

Answer 34

A NG placement on this patient cannot be done blindly and needs Xray etc. because it COULD enter the brain without proper guidance.

Question 35

Your friend is a cheerleader and recently fell and got a concussion. A few weeks later you notice that she is acting weird and is struggling with her academics. You think she may have what condiotn?

Answer 35

Post concussion syndrome.

Question 36

After a car accident, the patient is known to have a contusion. This is likely caused by what mechanism of injury?

Answer 36

Coup-Contrecoup (forward and backward motion of the brain hitting the front and then the back of the skull)

Question 37

A client comes into the ED and the paramedics say that the patient hit their head, passed out, and then woke up. The nurse is concerned when the patient faints again knowing this is likely what serious condition?

Answer 37

Epidural hematoma: this is arterial blood. EMERGENCY

Question 38

An elderly man with dementia falls and hits his head. A few days later he has a CT done and the healthcare team notices that there is bleeding between the dura matter and arachnoid layer. The nurse knows this is what kind of hematoma?

Answer 38

Subdural hematoma

Question 39

You are shadowing a paramedic for the day and arrive at the scene of a car accident. You are assessing the patient and see a dilated pupil on the ipsilateral side of the injury. You know that this could be indicative of what?

Answer 39

An intracerebral hematoma.

Question 40

A code stroke is called in the ED. You know that the first step in determining the next steps is performing what diagnostic test?

Answer 40

HEAD CT

Question 41

A middle age mom is devastated when she finds out that she has a malignant tumor in her brain. The nurse listens to the patients concerns and knows that the patient is likely scared because it was cancerous. The good news is that is is operable. The nurse should do what?

Answer 41

Try to educate the patient that even though it is cancerous, it is in an operable place, which may have a more favorable outcome

Question 42

A teenage girl comes into the ED while you are working on triage. She is crying in pain and states, “this is the worst headache of my life!” The triage nurse knows this is emergent because it may ne what?

Answer 42

Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Question 43

Thankfully, the girl with a subarachnoid hemorrhage survived the surgery and is in the neuro ICU. The new ICU nurse knows this is for what reason?

Answer 43

Prevention and observation for cerebral vasospasm

Question 44

It has been 2 hours since the onset of your grandpa’s stroke symptoms. He is in the ER and they have determined that it is a thrombotic stroke. They say they are going to adminster tPA. But you know your grandpa just had major surgery this week. What should you do?

Answer 44

Notify the nurse; this is a contraindication for tPA

Question 45

Your brother in law is at thanksgiving and says that his neck is incredibly sore. He began to have a severe headache. When he goes to the ER, they do a lumbar puncture and the results show clear CSF. You know this means what?

Answer 45

It is likely viral meningitis.

Question 46

The nurse is assisting the physician in the lumbar puncture. The nurse ensures that the patient has an empty bladder, and places the patient in the lateral recumbent position. She knows the doctor may use a sterile needle into what portions of the lumbar spine

Answer 46

L3-L4

Question 47

A patient with Post HSV trigeminal neuralgia does not want to eat because worsens the condition. The nurse knows that there is a concern for what with this patient?

Answer 47

Nutritional concerns and intake bc it hurts to chew.

Question 48

A patient who is battling Guillain Barre is starting to have trouble breathing. The nurse knows that this is caused because of what?

Answer 48

Paresthesia and paralysis which includes the diaphragm. They need mechanical ventilation and support

Question 49

A patient who had a spinal cord injury is complaining of a serve headache and sweating. The nurse needs to take which vital sign to measure for what disorder?

Answer 49

BP (super high) indicated autonomic dysreflexia