Test 1 and 2 Qs Flashcards
True or False
The side, not the tip, of the beaver-tail ultrasonic scaling insert is used for supragingival cleaning.
True
True of False
Technicians should always recap needles with both hands; for better control.
False
True or False
Record keeping establishes a baseline: measurement of pockets, furcation exposure, mobility of teeth are useful in client compliance and follow up visits.
True
True or False
Chewing on tennis balls can lead to abrasion.
True
True or False
Inflammation of the tongue is known as glossitis
True
True or False
Ameloblasts create enamel
True
True or False
When using hand scaling and curretting instruments, if the instrument does not fit the curvature of the tooth, you can use the opposite end for adaption.
True
True or False
Peg teeth are abnormally formed supernumerary teeth in dogs and cats.
True
True or False
For improved safety, the power/ultrasonic scaler should be held with a firm/tight grip.
False
True or False
Sterilization of dental instruments is not necessary since the mouth is not sterile.
False
True or False
Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boxers are examples of breeds with Normal Class III occlusion.
True
True or False
When scaling with a hand scaler, always pull in a coronal direction.
True
When probing the gingival sulcus of a dog, a depth of ______ is considered abnormal.
a. 3mm
b. 1mm
c. 5mm
d. 2mm
c. 5mm
Lingual is defined as towards the______
a. Apex
b. Tongue
c. Cheek
d. Lips
B. Tongue
The surface of the tooth below the gum line is covered with:
a. Enamel
b. Alveolar mucosa
c. Cementum
d. Dentin
c. Cementum
Which of the following correctly list the dental formula for the adult feline?
a. 2(I 3/3, C 1/1, Pm 2/3. M 1/2)= 30
b. 2(I 3/3, C 1/1, Pm 3/3, M 1/1)= 30
c. 2(I 3/2, C 1/1, Pm 3/3, M 1/1)= 30
d. 2(I 3/3, C 1/1, Pm 3/2, M 1/1)= 30
d.
2(I 3/3, C 1/1, Pm 3/2, M 1/1)= 30
The tip of the tooth is called
a. Apex
b. Coronal
c. Neck
d. Cusp
d. Cusp
Dentin is produced by
a. Neutroblasts
b. Odontoblasts
c. Dentinoblasts
d. Ameloblasts
b. Odontoblasts
The surface of the tooth that faces the cheek
a. Distal
b. Palatal
c. Lingual
d. Buccal
d. Buccal
Through what structure do nerves and vessels pass into the root canal?
a. Cementum
b. Pulp chamber
c. Apical foramen
d. Dentine
c. Apical foramen
With the ultrasonic scaler, two types of devices in the hand piece can pick up the sound wave and turn it into
a. Compressed air
b. Torque
c. Vibration
d. Energy
d. Energy
The dental formula for the adult dog is
a. 2( I3/3, C1/1, PM 4/3, M 2/3)=42
b. 2( I3/3, C1/1, PM 3/2, M 1/1)=32
c. 2( I3/3, C1/1, PM 4/4, M 2/3)=42
d. 2( I3/3, C1/1, PM 4/4, M 3/2)=42
c. 2( I3/3, C1/1, PM 4/4, M 2/3)=42
Diseased tissue forms what is called a ____________ , while healthy tissue surrounding the tooth is known as the _____________.
a. furcation, gingival sulcus
b. abscess, epithelium
c. gross disease, neck of the tooth
d. pocket, gingival sulcus
d. pocket, gingival sulcus
What word identifies the instrument used for examining the crown’s surface?
a. periodontal probe
b. universal currette
c. sickle scaler
d. explorer
e. shepherd’s hook
d. explorer
To protect the pulp chamber from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should:
a. spend no more than 2 seconds on a tooth
b. use constant irrigation
c. use slow rotational speed
d. use the tip of the instrument
e. change hand pieces frequently
b. use constant irrigation
In the kitten, the deciduous premolars erupt at what age?
a. 2-3 weeks
b. 4-5 months
c. 3-6 weeks
d. 4 weeks
c. 3-6 weeks
Apical means toward the
a. tongue
b. cheeks
c. crown
d. root tip
d. root tip
Which of the following is a proper directional term for describing the locoation of a tooth surface?
a. mesial - farthest from the middle
b. distal - farthest from the midline
c. mesial - nearest the front
d. distal - nearest the midline
b. distal - farthest from the midline
The cat has which of the following numbers of maxillary and mandibular premolars in one half of the mouth?
a. 3 and 2
b. 2 and 3
c. 2 and 2
d. 3 and 3
a. 3 and 2
Which teeth on each side of the mouth in the dog have 3 roots?
a. mandibular 4th premolars and 1st and 2nd molar
b. maxillary 3rd and 4th premolar and 1st molar
c. mandibular and maxillary 4th premolars and 1st and 2nd molar
d. maxillary 4th premolars and 1st and 2nd molar
d. maxillary 4th premolars and 1st and 2nd molar
Using the triadan system, the proper way of describing the dog’s 1st upper left permanent premolar is
a. 306
b. 105
c. 205
d. 502
c. 205
Dentin is covered by
a. enamel above gumline and bone below
b. pulp above gumline and cementum below
c. cementum below gumline and enamel above
d. bone and pulp
c. cementum below gumline and enamel above
The carnassial teeth in dogs are
a. 109, 209 & 309, 409
b. 104, 204 & 304, 404
c. 108, 208 & 309, 409
d. 108, 208 & 308, 408
c. 108, 208 & 309, 409
The location of the incisive papilla is best described as
a. at midline of palate, caudal to maxillary incisors
b. midline of mandible, caudal to mandibular incisors
c. under the lingual midline at the lingual frenulum
d. rostral to the maxillary incisors
a. at midline of palate, caudal to maxillary incisors
The four strucutres that make up the periodontium are:
a. dentin, odontoblasts, sulcus, alveolar mucosa
b. dentin, apical delta, enamel, pulp canal
c. sharpey’s fibers, odontoclasts, ameloblasts, apical foramen
d. gingival connective tissue, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum
d. gingival connective tissue, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum
The five benefits of powerscaling include
a. reducing tissue dinstention
b. reducing damage to root surface
c. all choices listed
d. reducing anesthesia time
c. all choices listed
Malocclusion in which one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side
a. base-narrow mandibular canines
b. wry mouth
c. anterior crossbite
d. posterior crossbite
b. wry mouth
Malocclusion in which the upper fourth premolar lies palatal to the first molar
a. base-narrow mandibular canines
b. wry mouth
c. anterior crossbite
d. posterior crossbite
d. posterior crossbite
Malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position or the mandible is narrowed
a. base-narrow mandibular canines
b. wry mouth
c. anterior crossbite
d. posterior crossbite
a. base-narrow mandibular canines
Malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors
a. base-narrow mandibular canines
b. wry mouth
c. anterior crossbite
d. posterior crossbite
c. anterior crossbite
Baby teeth are also called ________ or _______.
primary or deciduous
The normal space between teeth is known as the____area, while gaps between teeth such as between the upper 3rd incisors and canine teeth is known as the ______________.
interproximal area
diastema
The _________ is the area where two roots join the crown.
Furcation
The condition knows as Class __ malocclusion that is caused by a short upper jaw and is known in AVDC terminology as ____ ___
Class III, mandibular mesiocclusion
Pink/purple discoloration of a tooth indicate __ in the pulp canal.
blood/hemorrhage
An abnormal opening between the oral and sinus cavities is called
____.
oronasal fistula
Inflammation of the periodontal tissues including periodontal ligament and alveolar bone is known as: _________
Periodontitis
What is the difference between tooth luxation and avulsion?
Luxation: partial displacement of a tooth
Avulsion: total displacement of a tooth
Normal sulcus depths in cats is __________, while for dogs it is_______.
0-1mm, 1-3mm
The non-AVDC term for underbite is ____
Prognathism
With hand instruments a ___________ blade reflects light, whereas a __________ blade does not.
dull, sharp
The difference between a gemini tooth and twinning or fused tooth is that in gemini the tooth appears as two teeth but has _________ root, while in twinning or fusion ______________ roots are fused togther.
gemini - one
twinning/fusion - two or more
True or False
Halitosis is normal in dogs, therefore it is known as “doggy breath”.
False
Stage 2 periodontal disease, or early periodontal disease, is still reversible.
False
Biofilm is made up of normal healthy bacterial flora.
False
Dead space is high in CO2 and low in O2.
True
When intubating an animal, you want to use the smalles diameter ET tube possible for that patient to avoid tissue necrosis.
False
The measuring landmarks for endotracheal intubation are from the incisors to the xipoid process.
False
An increased respiratory rate could be a sign of an ineffective local/regional block or that the patient is experiencing pain.
True
The removal of cementum is mandatory to reduce the amount of bacteria and debris subgingivally.
False
Root planing is the chemical removal of plaque and calculus from the crown and root surfaces.
False
The thin film covering the tooth that comprises bacteria, saliva, and food particles is:
a. Tartar
b. Erosion
c. Plaque
d. Calculus
e. Attrition
c. Plaque
Topography is:
a. Caused by periodontal disease
b. The way the gingiva flows from tooth
to tooth
c. The inflamed appearance of the gums with periodontal disease
d. The way gingival mucosa bleeds when checking for pockets
e. Another word for halitosis
b. The way the gingiva flows from tooth
to tooth
The following statements are all true except
a. The periodontal probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth
b. Sulcus depth is measured using the shepherds hook
c. Sulcus depth is measured using a periodontal probe
d. A sulcus depth up to 1mm is normal in cats
e. A sulcus depth greater than 3 mm indicates periodontal disease
b. Sulcus depth is measured using the shepherds hook
Chlorhexidine has the ability to adhere to the oral tissues and release its properties _______.
a. Slowly
b. Effectively
c. Rapidly
d. Orally
a. Slowly
Single-rooted teeth in the dog are
a. Incisors, canines, second premolars, and maxillary third molar
b. Incisors, canines, first premolars, and maxillary third molar
c. Incisors, canines, second premolars, and mandibular third molar
d. Incisors, canines, first premolars, and mandibular third molar
d. Incisors, canines, first premolars, and mandibular third molar
Which of these teeth have 3 roots?
a. Mandibular first molar
b. Maxillary fourth premolar
c. Maxillary canine
d. None of the above
e. Mandibular first premolar
b. Maxillary fourth premolar
_____________ is the less densely keratinized gingival tissue covering the bone.
a. Gingival mucosa
b. None of the above
c. Attachment apparatus
d. Alveolar bone
e. Alveolar mucosa
e. Alveolar mucosa
Which stage of dental disease has severe pocketing, bleeds easily on probing, with/without pus on probing, bone loss and mobility (ie. advanced breakdown of periodontal structures and greater than 50% attachment loss)?
Stage 4 (PD 4)
When performing dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipement includes
a. only gloves and a mask are needed
b. gloves, mask, safety glasses, shoe covers
c. gloves, mask, safety glasses
d. only gloves are needed
c. gloves, mask, safety glasses
After completing the polishing and rinsing of the teeth, you should
a. use a dental explorer to check for subgingival pathologies
b. record all previous findings in the chart
c. turn off the anesthetic machine
d. dry the teeth and apply fluoride
d. dry the teeth and apply fluoride
Stomatitis is
a. inflammation of the soft tissues in the mouth
b. bad breath
c. halitosis
d. inflammation of the tongue
a. inflammation of the soft tissues in the mouth
The most common dental procedure performed in the horse is known as
a. curettage
b. floating
c. scaling
d. quidding
b. floating
Malocclusion can lead to dental disease for a number of reasons including all but which of the following?
a. accelerated developement of periodontal disease resulting from lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of the teeth with saliva
b. presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
c. soft tissue trauma from teeth that are abnormally positioned
d. abnormal wear of teeth resulting from malposition leading to fracture and pulp exposure
b. presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth
The furcation is best described as
a. the space between the teeth
b. the area between the cementum and enamel
c. the space between two occlusal surfaces
d. the space between two roots where they meet the crown
d. the space between two roots where they meet the crown
Oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to
a. abscess of the mandibular canine
b. retained decidous maxillary canine
c. abscess of maxillary canine tooth
d. abscess of the maxillary PM4
c. abscess of maxillary canine tooth
Which of the following statements about toy breed dogs is true?
a. enamel hypoplasia is more common in toy breeds
b. malocclusions are more rare in toy breeds than in giant breeds
c. Chronic impaction of the incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in chronic osteomyelitis
d. prognathism is considered a genetic defect in brachycephalic breeds
c. Chronic impaction of the incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in chronic osteomyelitis
A biospy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous epulis; what can be said about this type of growth?
a. it is a benign tumor
b. it is likely to metastisize
c. it is a malignant tumor
d. “It’s not a tumor!”
a. it is a benign tumor
Which one of these is NOT a benefit of ultrasonic periodontal therapy?
a. improves cleanliness
b. cavitation disrupts bacterial cell wall
c. more efficient removal of cementum
d. improves wound healing
c. more efficient removal of cementum
Which one of the following is NOT a parameter to help evaluate whether an anesthetic block is effective?
a. respiratory rate
b. saturation percentage of oxygen
c. heart rate
d. blood pressure
b. saturation percentage of oxygen
For accurate reading; periodontal probes should be held
a. for adaptation
b. with a firm grasp
c. parallel to the long axis of the tooth
d. at an angle
c. parallel to the long axis of the tooth
One benefit of air drying the teeth with compressed air
a. is that it can cause crepitus
b. is that it can enter the bloodstream and cause air embollism
c. is that it helps reattach weakened periodontium
d. is that it helps to detect remaining plaque and calculus by turning it chalky white
d. is that it helps to detect remaining plaque and calculus by turning it chalky white
Disclosing solution is used to
a. detect malocclusion
b. detect plaque/calculus
c. reveal defects in the enamel
d. detect whether or not the tooth is vital
b. detect plaque/calculus
With periodontal debridement, ultrasonic scalers provide
a. Flushing or removal of debris
b. Water lavage
c. Improved wound healing
d. Better visualization of the tissues
e. All of the above
e. All of the above
Fluoride acts to accomplish all but which of the following?
a. strengthens periodontal ligament
b. strengthens enamel
c. desensitize teeth
d. provide antibactertial activity
a. strengthens periodontal ligament
reasons of how/why animals would develop periodontal disease
no home care
trauma
heredity/breed
age
health
chewing behavior/bad toys
diet grooming habits
occlusion
frequency of professional dental care
signs the animal might show if periodontal disease present
bad breath
chewing patterns
bleeding gums
sitting by food bowl
drooling poss. w/ blood in saliva
pawing at mouth
The dental formula for the adult feline is:
2(3/3I, 1/1C, 3/2P, 1/1M) = 30
In the Triadan system, which teeth are described as the “carnassial” teeth?
108, 208
309
409
VOHC stands for
Veterinary Oral Health Council
Two things that are important in preventing aspiration of fluid and debris in anesthetic dentistry are:
cuffed endotracheal tube
gravity
Regarding ultrasonic scaling, four things that prevent thermal damage of the teeth are:
water
time
continuous movement
use side of instrument not tip
When polishing, to polish below the gumline the technique used where we tilt the polishing cup and apply slight pressure is called ________ the cup.
Flaring
What ultrasonic tips are used subgingivally for periodontal debridement?
a. Beaver, perio
b. Perio, beaver
c. Furcation, beaver
d. Perio, furcation
d. Perio, furcation
_____ strokes are used in root planing to create a smooth surface.
a. Cross-hatch
b. Curetting
c. Scaling
d. Push-pull
a. Cross-hatch
The minimum depth of periodontal pocket into which a perioceutic can be instilled is
4 mm
One of the reasons researchers believe cats develop stomatitis is an_____ reaction to plaque and the surrounding tooth
immune, immune-mediated
_____ of all molars and premolars may be necessary to treat stomatitis.
Extraction
The most common form of feline stomatitis is _____
Lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
The suspected causes for stomatitis are
The suspected causes for stomatitis are
1. Caustic ingestions
2. Uremia
3. Viral exposure
4. Plant foreign bodies
5. Allergic responses
6. Immune mediated
